Transfer of primary aromatic amines from coloured paper napkins into four different food matrices and into cold water extracts

The aim of this study was to compare the transfer of primary aromatic amines (PAAs) from napkins into cold water extract (CWE) with transfer into four different food matrices. An HPLC-MS/MS multi-analyte method for quantification of 26 PAAs in CWE was validated and applied. In addition, the method was validated for seven different PAAs in four different food matrices (cucumber, rice, pickled gherkin and butter cookie) representing wet, dry, acidic and fatty food. The CWEs of 12 coloured napkin samples were analysed, and 3 napkins released more than 0.01 mg kg^?1 PAAs into the CWE. These three napkins were chosen for transfer testing with food samples. In total, seven different PAAs were quantified in the food samples. Results show that the transfer of the tested PAAs into the CWE is in most cases comparable to the transfer into the tested food samples. In some cases, the CWE overestimates transfer into food, except for the transfer of aniline into pickled gherkin, where the CWE underestimates transfer. Therefore, the CWE serves as an adequate and certainly not overestimating simulation of reality for the tested transfer of PAAs into the food samples.     

液相色谱串联质谱法测定纸制食品接触材料中芳香族伯胺迁移量

目的 建立纸制食品接触材料中24种芳香族伯胺迁移量的液相色谱串联质谱检测方法。方法 以不同种类食品模拟物进行模拟迁移实验, 模拟迁移液过0.22 μm滤膜测定。液相色谱使用ZORBAX-C18反相色谱柱, 以乙腈和0.1%甲酸为流动相, 在梯度条件下分析。在正离子模式下多反应监测(MRM) 采集质谱信号, 进行定性和定量分析。结果 24种初级芳香胺在50%乙醇溶液(v/v)模拟物中标准曲线的线性相关系数为0.9876~0.9999, 加标回收率为72.98%~97.88%, 相对标准偏差均在0.30%~9.90%, 定量限均小于或等于3.0 μg/kg。结论 该方法快速简便、灵敏度高、准确性好, 满足了相关法规的限量测定要求。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定植物油中4种杂环胺含量

建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)测定植物油中4种杂环胺(MeIQx、4,8-DiMeIQx、7,8-DiMeIQx、PhIP)的分析方法。样品经含1%氨水乙腈提取、乙腈饱和的正己烷脱脂后,利用PCX固相萃取柱进行净化。净化后的样品采用乙腈和10 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在正离子模式下以电喷雾电离串联质谱对杂环胺的定量离子和定性离子进行监测,并利用内标法进行定量。结果表明：4种杂环胺在0.5～100.0 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99,方法检出限为0.01～0.04μg/kg,定量限为0.03～0.13μg/kg;在1.0、5.0、10.0μg/kg的加标水平下,杂环胺的平均回收率在64.5%～96.5%之间,相对标准偏差在2.83%～8.52%之间。本方法快速、准确、灵敏,可应用于植物油中4种杂环胺的同时检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用油脂中辣椒素

目的 建立一种超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定食用油脂中辣椒素的分析方法。方法 试样经正己烷溶解,氢氧化钠水溶液提取,碱性提取液经硫酸酸化后,过PEP-2固相萃取小柱净化,采用超高效液相色谱－串联质谱仪检测,外标法定量。以ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18色谱柱(3.0mm×100mm,1.7μm)为固定相,以0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,串联质谱分析中采用电喷雾离子源正离子模式和多反应监测模式。结果 天然辣椒素、二氢辣椒素、合成辣椒素的质量浓度在0.1μg/L~100μg/L内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)合成辣椒素为0.01 μg/kg;天然辣椒素为0.006 μg/kg;二氢辣椒素为0.005 μg/kg。以空白样品为基体进行加标回收试验,回收率在80.3%～96.2%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为4.5%～5.6%。结论 该方法快速、准确,能满足食用油脂中辣椒素的快速筛查和检测要求。     

高压液相色谱-串联质谱法检测食物中毒样品中的乌头碱

目的 建立引起食物中毒的芝麻糊中乌头碱的高压液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定方法。方法 样品经0.1%甲酸-2 mmol/L甲酸铵缓冲溶液振荡提取后, 离心、过滤, 以等体积比的甲醇和甲酸-甲酸铵缓冲溶液为流动相, 经C18色谱柱分离后以多反应监测质谱测定。结果 方法的线性范围为1~1000 μg/L, 线性相关系数为0.999, 最低定量浓度(LOQ)为10 μg/kg, 在50~5000 μg/kg添加水平下平均回收率为82%~94%, 相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.9%~7.4%。结论 该方法能够满足食物中毒样品中乌头碱的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定动物源性食品中硝基呋喃代谢物

目的建立动物源性食品中四种硝基呋喃代谢物的超高效液相色谱串联质谱(ultra pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)的快速检测方法。方法样品经盐酸溶液水解,邻硝基苯甲醛(2-NBA)37℃衍生16 h后,调节衍生液的pH=7.6,用乙酸乙酯提取。分析物采用电喷雾电离,正离子扫描,多反应检测模式(MRM),基质匹配内标标准曲线法定量。结果四种代谢物的工作曲线在0.1～10.0μg/L浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数R2均达到了0.995以上,氨基脲(SEM或SCA)与1-氨基-乙内酰脲(AHD)最低检出限均为0.1μg/kg,5-吗啉甲基-3-氨基-2-恶唑烷基酮(AMOZ)与3-氨基-2-恶唑烷基酮(AOZ)最低检出限均为0.05μg/kg。平均回收率在91.8%～107.0%之间,相对标准偏差均小于10%。结论样品前处理简单、测定时间短、灵敏度高,适用于猪肉、牛肉、鸡肉、猪肝和水产品(鱼类及虾类)中硝基呋喃类代谢物残留的快速测定。     

非衍生化-QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定鱼肉中9种生物胺

目的 建立一种基于QuEChERS前处理技术快速测定鱼肉中9种生物胺(biogenic amines, BAs)含量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法, 解决衍生化方法操作复杂、条件严格、重现性差等问题。方法 样品经乙腈提取、C18和N-丙基乙二胺(primary secondary amine, PSA)净化后, 采用Waters HSS T3色谱柱(100 mm×3.0 mm, 1.8 μm)进行分离, 以0.5%甲酸水和0.1%甲酸乙腈为流动相体系进行梯度洗脱, 流速为0.3 mL/min。采用电喷雾电离(electrospray ionization, ESI)正离子模式, 多反应监测(multiple reaction monitoring, MRM)模式检测, 标准曲线外标法定量。结果 9种生物胺化合物在1~100 μg/L质量浓度范围内线性良好, 相关系数(R2)在0.9959~0.9998之间, 方法检出限(limit of detection, LODs)和定量限(limit of quantitation, LOQs)分别为0.02和0.05 mg/kg。3个浓度水平下, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviations, RSDs)在1.2%~3.6% (n=6)之间, 回收率在75.1%~105.6%之间。结论 该方法操作便捷、分析时间短、准确度和灵敏度高, 适用于鱼肉中9种生物胺化合物的测定。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定植物油中吡噻菌胺残留

目的 建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定植物油中吡噻菌胺的方法。方法 称取5.00 g试样于50 mL具塞离心管中,加入少许氯化钠,准确加入10 mL乙腈再涡旋1 min,超声提取15 min,4000 r/min离心10 min。取上清液5 mL,分别加入300 mg十八烷基三甲氧基硅烷粉（C18）和300 mg N-丙基乙二胺粉（primary secondary amine, PSA）,充分涡旋混匀后,过0.22 μm有机膜后供液相色谱-质谱/质谱仪测定。以0.1%乙酸-乙腈为流动相,经C18柱色谱柱进行分离后进行高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱多反应监测模式分析,外标法定量。结果 植物油中吡噻菌胺的检出限为2 μg/kg,定量限为6 μg/kg。在2、4、10 μg/kg 3个浓度水平的加标回收试验下测得,吡噻菌胺的回收率为84.2%～95.3%,相对标准偏差（relative standard deviation,RSD）为4.9%～7.8%。结论 该方法操作简单、快速、结果准确,适用于植物油中吡噻菌胺的分析和检测。     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱测定常见农产品中40种真菌毒素

目的建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(ultraperformanceliquidchromatography-tandemmass spectrometry, UPLC-MS/MS)同时检测小麦、玉米、稻谷、番茄和桃等常见农产品中40种真菌毒素含量的分析方法。方法谷物样品先后经水和含1%(V/V)甲酸的乙腈溶液提取,果蔬样品经1%(V/V)甲酸的乙腈溶液提取,氯化钠和无水硫酸镁盐析后,取上清液氮吹至干,残渣经5 mmol/L醋酸铵水溶液-乙腈(80:20, V/V)复溶,过膜后上机测定,通过基质匹配标准曲线进行定量分析。结果 40种真菌毒素在各自的线性范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r~2)≥0.99,检出限和定量限分别为0.2～10.0μg/kg和0.5～20.0μg/kg。在低、中、高3个添加水平下,5种农产品基质中40种真菌毒素的平均加标回收率为71.8%～118.6%精密度为1.2%～16.9%(n=5)。结论本方法操作简单、灵敏度高、实用性强,适用于小麦、玉米、稻谷、番茄和桃等常见农产品中40种真菌毒素的同时检测分析。     

Development of a rapid screening method to determine primary aromatic amines in kitchen utensils using direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS)

Primary aromatic amines (PAAs) are a group of substances with undesirable health effects, that are used in a variety of commercial products. Several recent studies, using a number of screening and confirmatory methods, have reported the migration of PAAs from some kitchen utensils into acetic acid 3% (w/v). Many of these methods require significant sample preparation, therefore the aim of this work was to determine if direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) could be utilised as a rapid screening tool for the determination of PAAs in kitchen utensils. DART-MS results from direct analysis of the utensil have been compared with results of PAA migration by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method. The UPLC-MS/MS method had excellent linearity, appropriate sensitivity (LOD ≤ 1.5 µg L^?1; LOQ ≤ 4.5 µg L^?1), repeatability from 2.4 to 13.2% and acceptable recoveries. DART-MS results were in good agreement with UPLC-MS/MS data, with 100% of non-compliant (PAA positive) samples successfully identified by DART-MS.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测食品 中环己基氨基磺酸钠

目的 建立食品中环己基氨基磺酸钠(甜蜜素)的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测方法。方法 样品经水溶液溶解, 超声提取, 高速离心后取上清液供UPLC-MS/MS检测, 采用电喷雾电离, 负离子扫描, 多反应检测模式(MRM), 外标法定量。 结果 环己基氨基磺酸钠的线性范围为1.0 ~ 200 μg/L, 相关系数r＞0.999, 最低检出限为0.01 mg/kg。3个不同水平(添加0.05 mg/kg、0.2 mg/kg和1.0 mg/kg)的加标平均回收率为82.8% ~ 103.5%, 相对标准偏差小于10%。 结论 所建立的方法具有较好的回收率和精密度, 准确度和灵敏度高, 符合食品中环己基氨基磺酸钠的检测要求, 为大通量样品的食品安全检测提供了更灵敏、高效的技术支持。     

Validation of analytical methods for heterocyclic amines in seven food matrices using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

ABSTRACT

Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are potent mutagens generated by the high temperatures of the cooking process. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate analytical methods for HCAs determination using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in seven food matrices: corn oil, milk, 20% ethanol, pork, flat fish, sea mustard (Undaria pinnatifida), and radish. Six isotopically labelled internal standards were used for quantitation, and Chem Elut and Oasis hydrphilic-liphophilic balance cartridges were applied for sample preparation to remove interferences. Calibration curves showed good linearity (R² > 0.99) in all matrices. The ranges of the method detection limit and method quantitation limit were 0.009–2.35 ng g^?1 and 0.025–7.13 ng g^?1, respectively. The recoveries ranged from 67.5% to 119.6%. The coefficients of variation ranged from 0.3% to 15.1% for intra-day and ranged from 0.8% to 19.1% for inter-day. The methods were applied to 24 total diet study samples for HCAs quantitation. These results indicate that the established methods are reliable for determining HCAs in various foods.     

QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测大米中5种农药残留

目的 明确贵阳市大中型生活超市散售大米中5种农药的残留情况.方法 通过样品前处理方法的筛选,建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定大米中仲丁灵、戊唑醇、甲氧虫酰肼、嘧...     

Determination of aflatoxin M1 in milk by triple quadrupole liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive and reliable method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with an electrospray-positive ionization method was developed for the determination of aflatoxin M₁ in milk. This method includes simple extraction of the sample with acetonitrile by ultrasonic, separation on an MGIII-C₁₈ column using 0.01% formic acid buffer/acetonitrile (60 : 40, v/v) as mobile phase, and MS/MS detection using multiple reaction-monitoring mode. Average recoveries of aflatoxin M₁ from spiked samples at concentrations of 0.02 and 1 ng ml^?1 ranged from 77% to 94%, with a 6% relative standard deviation. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.006 and 0.02 ng ml^?1, respectively. The standard curve was linear between 0.02 and 20.0 ng ml^?1. The recommended method is simple, rapid, specific and reliable for the routine monitoring of aflatoxin M₁ in milk.     

QuEChERS-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中氨基甲酸酯类农药残留量

目的建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS/MS)测定牛奶中5种氨基甲酸酯类农药的方法。方法样品经乙腈提取、氮吹浓缩、QuEChERS净化,高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定,采用外标法定量。结果5种氨基甲酸酯类农药在2.00-200μg/kg范围内线性关系良好(r>0.999);方法检出限为0.50~3.00μg/kg,定量限为1.50~10.00μg/kg;加标水平为0.010~0.050 mg/kg时,回收率为83.6%-108%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~15.6%。结论该方法简便快捷、灵敏度高,适用于牛奶中氨基甲酸酯类农药的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测蜂蜜中 雷公藤甲素残留量

目的建立分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(dispersive solid-phase extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,DSPE-UPLC-MS/MS)测定蜂蜜中雷公藤甲素的方法。方法蜂蜜样品经乙酸乙酯提取,QuEChERS粉包吸附净化后,以等体积比的乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,经Agilent Eclipse plus C_(18)色谱柱分离后以多反应监测模式进行质谱测定。结果雷公藤甲素在10~200μg/L线性范围内具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.998;检出限为0.3μg/kg,在20、50和100μg/kg 3个添加水平下加标的平均回收率为88.1%~107.0%,相对标准偏差≤13.4%。结论本方法快速准确,可适用于蜂蜜中雷公藤甲素的定性和定量分析。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品用纸制品中氯酚类化合物残留量

目的建立高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)同时测定食品用纸制品中2,4-二氯酚、2,4,6-三氯酚、2,3,4,6-四氯酚、五氯酚4种氯酚类化合物残留量的检测方法。方法样品经0.5%甲酸甲醇超声提取后,混合型阴离子交换固相萃取柱净化,以HSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)分离待测物,采用电喷雾离子化,负离子扫描和多反应监测模式(MRM)检测,以保留时间和特征离子对定性,内标法定量。结果 4种待测物在5～100μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.99;方法检出限为0.01～0.02 mg/kg,定量限为0.03～0.06 mg/kg;4种物质的添加水平为0.03～0.14 mg/kg时,平均回收率为80.1%～110.4%,相对标准偏差为3.2%～9.9%(n=6)。结论该方法样品前处理简单,准确性、精密度和灵敏度均较好,适用于食品用纸制品中4种氯酚类化合物残留量的检测。     

Multi-residue and multi-class determination of antibiotics in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

This paper describes a method for the determination of 41 antibiotics from seven different classes in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Sulfonamides, trimethoprim, tetracyclines, macrolides, quinolones, penicillins and chloramphenicol were simultaneously determined. Fourteen procedures for sample treatment were tested and an extraction with acetonitrile and ethylenediaminetetra acetic acid was found to be the best option. The methodology was validated in accordance with Decision 2002/657/EC. Precision in terms of relative standard deviation (RSD) was under 17% for all compounds, and the recoveries ranged from 92% to 111%. CCα and CCβ were determined according to the maximum residue limit or the minimum required performance limit, when necessary. The validation provided evidence that the method was suitable for application in routine analysis for the detection and confirmation of antibiotics in muscle of gilthead sea bream, an important and intensively produced fish in aquaculture.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测牛奶中双酚A

目的通过优化牛奶中双酚A提取纯化和测定条件,建立牛奶中双酚A(bisphenol A,BPA)的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)定量检测方法。方法 采用乙腈作为提取剂和蛋白质沉淀剂,混合型阴离子固相萃取柱净化,采用UPLC-MS/MS在负离子模式下检测,内标法定量。结果该方法在1~100μg/L范围内有良好的线性关系,相关系数r20.990,在空白牛奶基质中,不同添加水平下方法的平均回收率范围为92%~115%,相对标准偏差为3.7%~6.6%;测定低限为1μg/kg。结论 此方法灵敏度高、准确、重现性好,适用于牛奶样品中双酚A的检测。     

高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定鲢鱼中的微囊藻毒素

建立了高效液相色谱/串联质谱法（HPLC-MS/MS）同时定量检测洪泽湖鲢鱼中微囊藻毒素（MC-RR,MC-LR和MC-YR）的方法,用甲醇提取鲢鱼肉中的微囊藻毒素,用C18固相萃取柱净化。以甲醇和0.1%的甲酸水溶液为流动相,采用梯度洗脱用C18色谱柱对鱼肉中的微囊藻毒素进行分离,用电喷雾质谱正离子选择模式进行检测。三种微囊藻毒素MC-RR,MC-LR,MC-YR的线性良好,检出限分别为0.2、0.4、0.4μg·L-1,定量限分别为0.8、0.9、0.9μg·L-1。对链鱼样品进行加标回收,回收率在87.1%～101.2%,10次平行测定的相对标准偏差均小于8%。该方法具有准确、快速、简单以及灵敏度高的特点,能够适应大规模样品的快速分析要求。