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1.
锂离子电容器属于非对称型超级电容器,通常由电池型负极和电容型正极共同置于有机锂盐溶液中组装而成,兼具超级电容器的高功率特性和锂离子电池的高能量密度,在智能电网、轨道交通、新能源汽车等多个领域具有广阔的应用前景。炭材料由于来源广泛、价格低廉、性能稳定,是锂离子电容器的首选电极材料。因此,炭基锂离子电容器具有竞争性的产业化前景。负极预嵌锂技术对于炭基锂离子电容器的电化学性能具有决定性影响。本文从锂源引入位置的角度,系统回顾了锂离子电容器负极预嵌锂技术的进展情况,并就负极预嵌锂过程中的关键控制因素做了梳理,有助于全面了解负极预嵌锂技术的研究现状,为锂离子电容器的进一步发展提供科学参考。 相似文献
2.
Dario CericolaPetr Novák Alexander WokaunRüdiger Kötz 《Journal of power sources》2011,196(23):10305-10313
Electrochemical hybrid energy storage devices have been developed and investigated with considerable effort in recent years. The idea is to combine the high specific energy of the battery component together with the high specific power of the capacitor component within one system. We realized laboratory scale electrochemical cells based on a capacitor material (activated carbon) and two battery materials (LiMn2O4 and Li4Ti5O12). We investigate hybrid systems following a serial and a parallel approach with two different mass ratios of battery materials over activated carbon.The investigated systems are compared in terms of Ragone plot and pulse performance. The results clearly show that the parallel hybridization of electrochemical capacitors and lithium-ion batteries is superior to the serial approach. Parallel hybrids provide both, high specific energy and power, and they outperform both the battery and the capacitor for pulsed applications. By contrast the serial hybrid can slightly increase the specific energy with respect to the capacitor but the specific power is comparable to the power of the battery, and it does not provide any benefit with pulsed applications. 相似文献
3.
ZHANG Shijia ZHANG Xiong SUN Xianzhong ZHAO Feifei JIA Junxiang MA Yanwei 《储能科学与技术》2016,5(6):834-840
以活性炭作为正极,预嵌锂的中间相炭微球为负极,制成软包装锂离子电容器。在正负极活性材料质量比为1∶1的条件下,采用恒压嵌锂法对负极进行预嵌锂,嵌锂容量分别为100 mA•h/g、200 mA•h/g、300 mA•h/g。在2～4 V的电压区间内,对软包装器件进行倍率测试及高倍率下的寿命测试。测试结果显示,锂离子电容器单体电容量为4～5 F,预嵌锂容量为200 mA•h/g时电容器展现出最佳的电化学性能,首次充放电能量密度为83.7 W•h/kg（基于正负极活性质量）,在倍率为120 C时,功率密度达8835.4 W/kg,能量密度保持在40.3 W•h/kg。在20 C的倍率下进行充放电寿命测试,500次循环之后,能量密度保持91.6%,1000次循环之后,能量密度保持86.5%。 相似文献
4.
HUANG Zhenlei WU Bin WANG Yongqing HAN Kunming CHENG Fuquan ZHANG Weidong CHEN Jitao ZHOU Henghui GAO Yuan 《储能科学与技术》2015,4(6):537-545
本文针对商业化锂离子电池正极材料,介绍了钴酸锂、镍钴锰三元材料、尖晶石锰酸锂、磷酸铁锂等正极材料的优缺点、市场现状,以及我国正极材料的技术和产业现状。对行业存在的共性问题,如产品品质差,技术实力不足进行了分析。展望了产业未来发展趋势,并提出了增加技术投入、加强产学研协同和高端装备应用等建议。 相似文献
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介绍了中国的蓄能技术现状及现有蓄能技术优缺点比较,对未来储能技术发展潜力及研究方向进行了阐述,并介绍了一种优势明显的新储能技术——油压蓄能发电. 相似文献
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The charge, discharge, and total energy efficiencies of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are formulated based on the irreversible heat generated in LIBs, and the basics of the energy efficiency map of these batteries are established. This map consists of several constant energy efficiency curves in a graph, where the x‐axis is the battery capacity and the y‐axis is the battery charge/discharge rate (C‐rate). In order to introduce the energy efficiency map, the efficiency maps of typical LIB families with graphite/LiCoO2, graphite/LiFePO4, and graphite/LiMn2O4 anode/cathode are generated and illustrated in this paper. The methods of usage and applications of the developed efficiency map are also described. To show the application of the efficiency map, the effects of fast charging, nominal capacity, and chemistry of typical LIB families on their energy efficiency are studied using the generated maps. It is shown how energy saving can be achieved via energy efficiency maps. Overall, the energy efficiency map is introduced as a useful tool for engineers and researchers to choose LIBs with higher energy efficiency for any targeted applications. The developed map can be also used by energy systems designers to obtain accurate efficiency of LIBs when they incorporate these batteries into their energy systems. 相似文献
7.
LU Hao LIU Bonan CHU Geng ZHENG Jieyun LUO Fei QIU Xinping LI Hui LIU Fang FENG Suning CHEN Wei LI Hong CHEN Liquan 《储能科学与技术》2016,5(2):109-119
本文综述了目前已经商业化生产的锂离子电池负极材料,主要包括天然石墨,人造石墨,硬碳,软碳,Li4Ti5O12材料,硅基材料等.详细阐述了这些负极材料的优缺点,并对它们的性能优劣进行了对比,给出了各自具有代表性的充放电曲线.概述了各类负极材料目前的国内外市场状况,并对未来几年锂离子电池负极材料市场的发展趋势进行了预估.介绍了各类负极材料的产业化现状,包括主流生产工艺,产品应用领域,行业领先企业等,总结了各类负极材料,尤其是天然石墨和人造石墨在中国的早期研发历史,并整理了各类负极材料在国内最早发表的文章和专利.最后概述了目前整个锂离子电池负极材料行业存在的一些问题,讨论了目前锂离子电池负极材料的发展思路,并展望了未来的技术发展趋势. 相似文献
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Sustainable development of renewable energy sources is one of the most important themes that humanity faces in this century. Wide use of renewable energy sources will require a drastically increased ability to store electrical energy. Electrochemical energy storage devices are expected to play a key role. With the increased demand in flexible energy resource for wearable electronic devices, great efforts have been devoted to developing high‐quality flexible electrodes for advanced energy storage and conversion systems. Because of its high specific surface area, good chemical stability, high mechanical flexibility, and outstanding electrical properties, graphene, a special allotrope of carbon with two‐dimensional mono‐layered network of sp2 hybridized carbon, have been showing great potential in next‐generation energy conversion and storage devices. This review presents the latest advances on the flexible graphene‐based materials for the most vigorous electrochemical energy storage devices, that is, supercapacitors and lithium‐ion batteries. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
《ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS》2018,1(2):75-87
The rapid advancement in electronic devices, electric vehicles, and grid storage stations have lead to a high demand for energy storage devices with enhanced power and energy densities as well as extended lifespans. Lithium ion hybrid capacitors are constructed with battery‐type anodes and capacitor‐type cathodes, which enables the direct integration of the high energy from lithium ion batteries and high power and long lifetime from supercapacitors, making lithium ion hybrid capacitor one of the most promising energy storage devices. In the past two decades, tremendous efforts have been put into the search for suitable battery‐type anode materials with improved Faradaic reaction kinetics so that it can match with the fast non‐Faradaic charging rate of the capacitive cathodes. This review aims to provide an up‐to‐date and comprehensive summary of the battery‐type anode materials for high‐performance lithium ion hybrid capacitors. To date, a large variety of battery‐type anode materials have been explored with smart material design strategies, such as carbonaceous materials, metal oxides, alloys, sulfides, nitirdes, and Mxenes, etc., which will be discussed in detail. A perspective to the challenges and future developing trends of lithium ion hybrid capacitors is proposed to close. 相似文献
11.
便携式电子设备的微型化、轻量化与电动汽车、电网储能设备的飞速发展,对高能量密度的锂离子电池的研发和性能表现提出了越来越高的要求。锂离子电池正极材料是锂离子电池的核心,其提供锂离子并参与电化学反应,因此改善正极材料性能是提高锂离子电池能量密度的关键。人们需要进一步研究开发成本较低、安全性更好的高能量密度新型锂离子电池正极材料。本文主要从提升正极材料的比容量和工作电压两方面介绍三元、富锂锰基材料和高电位镍锰酸锂等高比能量正极材料的介尺度结构设计、制备与性能调控研发进展。 相似文献
12.
Ze Yang Xin Ren Yuwei Song Xiaodong Li Chunfang Zhang Xiuli Hu Jianjiang He Jiazhu Li Changshui Huang 《ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS》2023,6(1):e12269
Carbyne delivers various excellent properties for the existence of the larger number of sp-hybridized carbon atoms. Here, a 3D well-defined porous carbon material germanium-carbdiyne (Ge-CDY) which is comprised of only sp-hybridized carbon atoms bridging by Ge atoms has been developed and investigated. The unique diamond-like structure constructed by linear butadiyne bonds and sp3-hybridized Ge atoms ensures the stability of Ge-CDY. The large percentage of conjugated alkyne bonds composed of sp-C guarantees the good conductivity and the low band gap, which were further confirmed experimentally and theoretically, endowing Ge-CDY with the potential in electrochemical applications. The well-defined 3D carbon skeleton of Ge-CDY provides abundant uniform nanopores, which is suitable for metal ions storage and diffusion. Further half-cell evaluation also demonstrated Ge-CDY exhibited an excellent performance in lithium storage. All those indicating sp-hybridized carbon-based materials can exhibit great potential to possess excellent properties and be applied in the field of energy, electronic, and so on. 相似文献
13.
城市轨道交通车辆再生制动产生大量再生电能,引入储能系统回收再生电能并进行循环利用,是未来建设节能型社会的要求与发展方向.本文针对城市轨道交通系统中的储能系统,首先,介绍了飞轮,超级电容,锂电池等储能系统目前国内外的应用情况;其次,比较了三者的性能和经济性,提出了超级电容-锂电池结合的经济性储能模式;最后,介绍了几种常见的储能装置控制策略,并结合近期储能系统的研究进展,指出了未来储能系统关键技术及其发展方向. 相似文献
14.
The operation of residential solar photovoltaic arrays are typically dependent on net energy metering (NEM) tariffs or feed in tariffs that allow the array owner to treat the electricity grid as an energy storage device. This study presents a model and simulation results of a photovoltaic array paired with a second life battery pack, a partially degraded lithium battery pack from an automotive application, for stabilizing the electricity grid interactions of residential photovoltaic systems and reducing the overall residential demand placed on the electricity grid. Two numerical simulations are performed on the operation of a second life battery pack. The first used an equivalent system model for the battery pack and measured solar production and residential loads to evaluate the system performance using one second time steps. The second model used hourly time steps and round trip efficiency for the battery, coupled with weather data and residential demand, to determine the system performance over the course of a year. The numerical investigation shows that the PV and battery system can substantially reduce the quantity of solar electricity that is exported to the distribution grid and decrease the impacts of sudden fluctuations in photovoltaic output due to cloud cover while providing significant reductions in the electricity demand placed on the grid. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Li‐ion cells are used for energy storage and conversion in electric vehicles and a variety of consumer devices such as hoverboards. Performance and safety of such devices are severely affected by overheating of Li‐ion cells in aggressive operating conditions. Multiple recent fires and accidents in hoverboards are known to have originated in the battery pack of the hoverboard. While thermal analysis and measurements have been carried out extensively on large battery packs for electric vehicles, there is relatively lesser research on smaller devices such as hoverboards, where the extremely limited thermal management design space and the critical importance of user safety result in severe thermal management challenges. This paper presents experimental measurements and numerical analysis of a novel approach for thermal management of the battery pack of a hoverboard. Measurements indicate that temperature rise in cells in the pack can be as large as 30°C at 4C discharge rate, which, although unlikely to be a standard discharge rate, may result from a malfunction or accident. A novel thermal management approach is investigated, wherein careful utilization of air flow generated by hoverboard motion is shown to result in significant temperature reduction. Measurements also indicate the key role of the metal housing around the battery pack in thermal management. Measurements are found to be in good agreement with finite element simulations, which indicate that the battery pack can be cooled as effectively in presence of a perforated metal casing as without the casing at all. Experimental data and simulation model presented here offer critical insights into the design of hoverboard thermal management and may result in safer, high performance hoverboard battery packs. 相似文献
16.
锂离子电池因其能量密度高和循环寿命长等优点,在电子产品和电动汽车等领域被广泛应用.然而,锂离子电池首次充放电过程中负极表面固态电解质界面(SEI)膜的形成会永久地消耗正极材料中的活性锂,造成不可逆的容量损失,进而降低电池首次库仑效率.已有的研究表明,预锂化技术可使电池首次库仑效率得到有效提高.在众多预锂化技术中,正极添加剂预锂化具有工艺简单、价格低廉和安全性高等优点,因此具有较为广阔的应用前景.鉴于此,本综述介绍了三类正极预锂化添加剂:三元富锂化合物、二元锂化合物和基于逆转化反应的纳米复合材料的基本工作原理和限制其发展的关键科学问题,着重归纳了近年来在预锂化添加剂材料性能优化,储能机理研究方面的研究进展和亟待解决的问题,指出了补锂添加剂在补偿首次容量损失方面的重要性,并对该方法的发展进行了展望.本文在总结当前研究进展的基础上,对正极预锂化添加剂未来的研究思路和发展方向进行了展望,提出了进一步研究预锂化添加剂的合成条件和改性策略,在不以容量牺牲为代价的前提下提升补锂添加剂的环境稳定性或开发一种新型的电解液添加剂,解决预锂化添加剂首次循环时残留物或产气对电池长循环性能的影响.这些策略有望进一步推动力离子电池的发展. 相似文献
17.
兼具锂离子电池高能量密度和双电层电容器高功率特性的锂离子电容器成为了现今超级电容器性能提升的重点发展方向。本工作以高富锂金属氧化物Li2NiO2为锂离子电容器用负极锂源,将其与活性物复合组成正极电极,并制备出“无金属锂片”预嵌锂过程的300 F锂离子电容器,考察了金属氧化物Li2NiO2的理化性能与电化学特性、不同Li2NiO2添加量对锂离子电容器样品的电化学性能影响。结果表明,Li2NiO2材料具有398 mA·h/g的首次不可逆容量,首次放电不可逆率为94.8%。添加15%～20% Li2NiO2的样品在10 A电流下具有大于75%倍率特性以及91%的容量保持率。当Li2NiO2添加量为20%时,样品在1 A条件下具有400 F的容量,15.5 W·h/kg的能量密度以及11.3 kW/kg的功率密度,是一种制备工艺简单、性能优异的新型锂离子电容器。 相似文献
18.
Ahmed A. Al‐Tabbakh Nilgun Karatepe Aseel B. Al‐Zubaidi Aida Benchaabane Natheer B. Mahmood 《国际能源研究杂志》2019,43(5):1903-1911
High‐energy ball milling is performed on Li1.1Mn1.95Fe0.05O4 spinel material, synthesized by sol‐gel method for lithium rechargeable battery, at different durations to obtain nanopowders of finite size distributions. The powders are investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, particle size distribution, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. The structural analysis of the powders is performed to investigate the effect of milling on the particle size, crystallite size, and lattice strain. The scanning electron micrographs and size distribution measurements show that the particle size decreases with the increase in milling duration. The XRD results show that the widths of the diffraction peaks increase with the decrease of particle size (increase of milling duration). This broadening is analyzed according to Scherrer, Williamson‐Hall, and Halder‐Wagner methods. Peak broadening is attributed to contributions of crystallite size and lattice strain. While reducing the particle and crystallite sizes is desirable to achieve higher specific capacity and energy density of the battery active material, lattice strain leads to material degradation and a reduced capacity retention. Thus, when performing mechanical milling, lattice strain should be taken seriously into consideration to optimize the milling parameters and to enhance the materials electrochemical performance. 相似文献
19.
WANG Shuping XU Tao GAO Xuenong FANG Xiaoming WANG Shuangfeng ZHANG Zhengguo 《储能科学与技术》2014,3(3):210-215
膨胀石墨基复合相变材料具有导热系数高,储能密度大以及相变过程无液体泄漏等优点,是近年来储能科学领域的研究热点.本文探讨了应用于储热系统的相变材料的性能及分类,并对膨胀石墨及其复合相变材料的制备方法进行了简要分析,最后综述了石蜡类,脂肪酸类,共晶混合物类,聚乙二醇以及乙酰胺等膨胀石墨基复合相变材料的国内外研究进展. 相似文献
20.
石墨烯独特的二维空间结构使其具有优异的导电性能,力学性能以及超大的比表面积,被认为是颇具潜力的新型储能材料,是目前储能研究的热点之一.本文综述了石墨烯在储氢,超级电容器,锂离子电池,锂硫电池以及锂-空气电池等化学储能领域中的应用,探讨了不同制备方法对其性能的影响.石墨烯以其特殊的空间结构而成为极具前景的储氢材料,同时与其它材料复合后形成三维导电网络结构而提高电极材料的电化学性能,还可以缓冲电极材料在循环过程中的体积变化,有效提升储能材料的循环寿命.通过优化复合材料的微观结构,将进一步提高其电化学性能.本文最后就石墨烯在储能应用中的关键问题进行了简要分析. 相似文献