共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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雷达目标的后向散射对目标姿态与雷达视线的相对几何关系十分敏感,同一目标相对于雷达视线的姿态不同时,散射特性十分不同。倾斜地表和倾斜建筑物等目标可能扭转后向散射回波的极化基,进而导致交叉极化分量过高,图像体散射成分过估计。该文针对图像体散射成分过估计的现象,提出一种基于极化特征参数($ H/{\alpha} $)和极化干涉相似性参数(PISP)的极化干涉分解方法。该方法充分考虑了散射体在雷达视线方向上的散射多样性,对不同取向的倾斜地表和倾斜建筑物等目标产生的交叉极化分量进行更好的适配,得到更好的分解结果。最后,利用由中国科学院电子学研究所获取的机载C波段全极化干涉数据验证该方法在极化干涉分解中的有效性。实验结果表明,该改进算法可以有效、正确地区分地物散射特性。 相似文献
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本文推导了椭圆极化雷达散射矩阵与线极化散射矩阵之间的变换公式,分析计算了目标圆极化散射特性随目标定向角和轴比变化曲线。分析了三面角、二面角、偶极子(线状体)、圆柱体等目标的圆极化雷达散射特性,确认圆极化散射矩阵中各极化分量散射幅值(绝对值)均不随目标定向角变化,偶极子(线状体)目标圆极化散射矩阵各极化分量具有均衡的散射特性;三面角与二面角反射器圆极化散射能量呈现互补关系,三面角交叉极化强,二面角同极化强;圆柱体圆极化雷达散射交叉极化散射能量较大。对公路斜拉桥、舰船、圆柱铁桶等目标圆极化SAR图像进行分析判读,各目标圆极化SAR成像结果与圆极化雷达散射特性分析结果一致,揭示了圆极化SAR固有的目标成像特性。 相似文献
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双极化相控阵天线的极化特性及其对目标极化散射矩阵测量的影响,将决定相控阵体制雷达获取目标极化信息的精度和能力,是相控阵雷达极化技术的基础。以正交偶极子为阵元模型,分析了双极化阵列天线的空域极化特性及其对雷达目标极化散射矩阵测量的影响。由于两阵元辐射电场在偏离视轴方向的非正交性,不可避免地会引起两天线交叉极化之间的相互干扰。根据传统交叉极化评价指标的定义,分析了正交偶极子天线的交叉极化特性,并从目标极化特性测量性能的角度,定义了双极化雷达系统的交叉极化隔离度,将其表示为极化测量系数矩阵条件数的形式,以衡量全极化相控阵雷达天线的交叉极化特性。 相似文献
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极化特性是雷达目标散射回波的重要特性之一,极化特征能够解析目标的粗细、大小、对称性等信息。随着雷达极化测量技术的逐步成熟,基于极化特征的雷达目标识别日益引起国内外学术界的高度重视。以电磁散射计算仿真的飞机模型为研究对象,在极化不变量理论基础上对这些飞机目标的极化特性进行了试验分析研究,以SVM为分类器,通过功率矩阵的迹和去极化系数可以实现对三个目标的区分。结果表明,该方法可以有效地将三个目标进行分类识别。 相似文献
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针对全极化、混合极化和单极化3种典型体制的极化分集雷达(PDR)系统,该文分析了目标极化散射特性对系统检测性能的影响。基于目标极化散射统计模型和雷达接收电压方程,分别推导了3种体制下的目标回波向量的统计特性。在高斯背景下,设计了奈曼-皮尔逊准则下的最优极化分集多通道融合检测算法,并推导了虚警概率和检测概率的闭式表达式。仿真结果表明,当系统信噪比(SNR)一定时,目标极化散射分量间的相关性是影响系统检测性能的主要因素,特别是匹配极化散射分量和交叉极化散射分量间的相关性。此外,全极化体制和单极化体制的检测性能比混合极化体制稳健。 相似文献
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干扰背景下瞬时极化测量雷达的目标识别预处理技术 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
该文以瞬时极化测量雷达的攻防对抗为背景,分析了单极化有源干扰机形成的假目标的极化散射特性。分析结果表明,在同样的干扰样式下,干扰机在分时极化测量雷达和瞬时极化测量雷达下生成的假目标具有不同的散射特性。在单极化有源假目标极化散射特性分析基础上,针对对抗条件下极化雷达无法准确测量目标散射矩阵的情况,提出了一种基于不完整极化测量的目标识别预处理方法。该方法能够有效获取目标三个极化散射矩阵序列,它们可以用作目标识别的稳健特征量。 相似文献
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极化校准是雷达目标极化散射特性正确获取的前提和基础。针对极化雷达系统,介绍了极化校准的概念及分类,概括了极化校准技术的发展史,对国内外研究机构在该领域主要的研究成果进行了归纳;分析了后向极化散射矩阵测量的误差模型,归纳了几种典型的点目标极化校准算法,分别介绍了各种极化校准算法所需的定标体和限制条件,列出各种典型算法的优缺点,通过仿真实验对比分析了几种典型点目标极化校准算法分别在低、中、高极化隔离度时极化校准的性能;指出了点目标极化校准技术今后的研究方向。点目标无源校准技术可以广泛应用于现有地基极化雷达装备和极化合成孔径雷达等的校准,对点目标无源校准技术的研究具有重要的理论和实际应用价值。 相似文献
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Calibration of a polarimetric imaging SAR 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sarabandi K. Pierce L.E. Ulaby F.T. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on》1992,30(3):540-549
Calibration using point targets is discussed. The fourport network calibration technique is used to describe the radar error model. The processor ambiguity function and the radar distortion matrices are combined to form a generalized polarimetric ambiguity function. The polarimetric ambiguity function of the SAR is found using a single point target, namely a trihedral corner reflector. Based on the resultant polarimetric ambiguity function, an estimate for the backscattering coefficient of the terrain is found using a modified version of the single target calibration technique (STCT). A radar image recorded by the JPL aircraft SAR, which includes a variety of point targets, is used for verification of the new calibration method. The calibrated responses of the point targets are compared both with theory and responses based on the POLCAL technique 相似文献
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The radar phenomenology of high-voltage power lines and cables is studied for examining the feasibility of detecting power lines along the path of a low-flying aircraft using a millimeter-wave radar system. For this purpose, polarimetric backscatter measurements of power line samples of different diameters and strand arrangements were performed over a wide range of incidence angles with very fine increments at 94 GHz. Also, similar polarimetric backscatter measurements were conducted for cylinders of the same radii and lengths as the power line samples for identifying the scattering features caused by the braiding structure of the power lines. In addition, the effects of a thin layer of water and a layer of ice over the power line surface on its polarimetric scattering behavior are studied by repeating the polarimetric backscatter measurements. Based on this phenomenological study, a polarimetric detection algorithm that makes use of the scattering features caused by the braided structure of power lines is proposed. It is shown that the proposed algorithm is capable of detecting power lines in a relatively strong clutter background with a poor signal-to-clutter ratio. The performance of the algorithm is demonstrated experimentally using a rough asphalt surface and a vegetation foliage as sample clutter backgrounds 相似文献
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Polarimetric radar systems allow the flexibility of transmitting arbitrarily polarized waveforms that match the scattering profiles of the target. Since different types of targets have varying profiles, the advantages of a polarimetric radar system can fully be exploited only when the type of target is accurately estimated. However, accurate estimation requires a significant amount of training data, which can be expensive. We propose a polarimetric design scheme for distributed multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar target detection. We formulate the selection of transmit polarizations using a game theoretic framework by examining the impact of all possible transmit schemes on the detection performance with different available target profiles (see also Gogineni and Nehorai, 2011 [1]). This approach does not require training data, and we show a significant performance improvement due to the polarimetric design. Other radar design problems can also be solved using this game theoretic approach. 相似文献
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Durden S.L. van Zyl J.J. Zebker H.A. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on》1990,28(2):268-271
A polarimetric radar measures the complete scattering matrix of a target. For a forest and other natural targets, the average return is, in general, partially polarized. Conditions on the second-order statistics of the scattering matrix under which the return is fully polarized are derived, and it is shown that these conditions are connected with the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix. The result of this analysis is a set of three quantities which indicate the ability of a scatterer to generate an unpolarized component. These quantities for forested areas are shown 相似文献