考虑热网特性的电热联合系统辅助服务调度

针对传统的热电系统调度中,热电机组的“热电耦合”限制其调峰范围,导致弃风高发问题,分析了热电机组可参与辅助服务的调节容量,在目标函数中计及辅助服务调峰激励机制,构建考虑热网特性的热电调度模型,进而通过算例仿真,对比热网蓄热特性、传热特性和热力系统参数对于系统调节容量及风电消纳的影响,确定了不同热网特性下热电机组调峰成本变化,验证了所提模型可提高机组调峰和风电消纳的经济效益。     

风电供暖技术方法研究

风电供暖对于提供风电场运行效率具有重要意义。根据风电场的实际情况选用合适的供暖方案,可以有效地减轻和避免风电场对电力系统的不利影响,同时提高了风电场在电力市场中的竞争能力。重点分析了离网型风电机组独立供暖、风电互补供暖、风光互补供暖、风电和燃气联合循环机组供暖等几种基本方法。     

A compressed air energy storage system for wind power generation in western Inner Mongolia

内蒙古自治区陆上风能资源总储量达到了1380 GW,其中技术可开发量为380 GW,几乎占全国风电资源的一半.风力发电负荷已经占到内蒙古电网负荷的20%以上.针对这种情况,对大规模风电并入内蒙古电网进行了研究.在此研究基础之上,为了更有效的利用风电资源,设计了一台压缩空气储能电站.该压缩空气储能电站可以利用风电场夜晚的弃风电量进行储热,为白天的运行提供部分热源.最后,从热耗率,充电比与发电效率三方面对压缩空气储能电站进行了分析,研究结果表明,更高的储气压力和更大的储气容量能够得到更好的发电效率.     

Implications of seasonal and diurnal variations of wind velocity for power output estimation of a turbine: a case study of Grenada

This case study highlights the importance of taking into consideration diurnal variations of wind velocity for wind energy resources assessment. Previous studies of wind energy distribution that are based on the two-parameter Weibull density function have so far neglected to consider time of day fluctuations in wind speed, instead concentrating primarily on seasonal deviations. However, this has serious implications where such a wind energy model is the underpinning of calculations for the potential power production from a wind turbine and in particular where the timing of the energy output is essential to meet electricity loads. In the case of Grenada the energy output from a wind turbine during the day is approximately two times the output at night thereby fluctuating enormously around the seasonal mean distribution. When this is not taken into account the economic and technological viability of a wind turbine project may be overestimated or not even be identified. This work shows how a wind energy resources assessment based on the Weibull distribution model can be done and how the power output of a horizontal axis turbine is calculated. An analysis of the recorded wind data confirms the application of the Weibull density function as a suitable tool for modelling wind regimes. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于调峰能力分析的电网风电接纳能力研究

风资源作为一种特殊的能源,使得风力发电具有间歇性、随机性等特点。文章以2010年陕西电网调峰裕度分析为基础,分析了陕西电网2010年风电接纳能力,以风资源较为丰富的榆林电网为例,在省网接纳风电能力研究的基础上,结合相关工程电气计算结果,给出了2010年榆林电网风电接纳规模。     

风电供热的价值与前景

从经济性、社会效益性等各个角度分析,以风电供热形式促进风电消纳具有很大的现实意义,不过也需要在政府指导下,风电企业、电网企业和供热单位商定三方协议,实现共赢。     

风电场微观选址及发电量预测的探讨

对风资源评估、选址地面情况和风机位置的排布等影响风电场微观选址的因素进行了分析.阐述了风电场发电量的预测方法,通过实例说明如何使用相关软件来预测风电场发电量,并根据预测结果对风电场微观选址注意事项进行了探讨.     

Economic feasibility of electricity generation from wind farms: A case study

Environmental problems, population growth, and the recent energy crisis have emphasized the need for zero-emission technologies while also ensuring economic feasibility. This work presents the economic advantages of using wind energy for power generation in Iran. A theoretical model is developed, which predicts the output power under various geographical and operating conditions. The wind data (speed and direction) of 2-h interval long-term period from December 2010 to October 2015 was adopted and analyzed to evaluate the levelized costs of electricity (COE) for power generation from wind farms (Arsanjan, Lamerd, and Abadeh) for the year 2018 per time. The influence of two important geographical factors namely winds speed and air humidity on output power also was studied. The results showed that the output power increases continuously when the wind speed varies from 2.0 to 2.6 m/s probably due to the compression of air passing through the wind turbine.     

风电消纳下多型号制氢机组阵列优化调度研究

以风电消纳下多型号制氢机组阵列的优化调度为研究对象,首先研究碱式制氢机组的功率-效率特性。在此基础上,以经济收益最大化为目标,对机组出力进行双层优化。使用所提混合二进制萤火虫算法进行机组启停状态优化,粒子群算法进行考虑功率-效率特性的机组功率分配优化。最后对多种阵列方案的经济收益和风电消纳能力进行对比分析。实验结果证明所提算法的有效性和多型号制氢机组阵列方案的优越性。     

基于空间统计模型的区域风电消纳风险聚类分析

弃风问题严重制约风电场的可持续开发与建设,急须开展区域风电消纳风险的评估方法。为计算消纳风险,文章基于风险理论构建了风电消纳风险计量模型,并对蒙西地区87家风电场2012-2018年消纳风险数据进行空间相关性分析,应用ArcGIS工具研究内蒙古电网风电消纳风险区域的动态变化趋势和特征。研究结果能够直观反映区域的风险水平及其演化趋势,为区域风电场科学规划提供参考。     

风能资源评估方法的分析及应用

阐述了风电场选址中的风能资源的评估程序,介绍和分析了风能资源评估技术方法和特点,基于工程实测数据,用国际通用的风资源评估软件WASP8．3分析和评估了相关风能要素。     

Integrating electrical and aerodynamic characteristics for DFIG wind energy extraction and control study

A doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine depends on the control of the system at both generator and turbine levels, and the operation of the turbine is affected by the electrical characteristics of the generator and the aerodynamic characteristics of the turbine blades. This paper presents a DFIG energy extraction and control study by combining the two characteristics together in one integrative environment to examine various factors that are critical for an optimal DFIG system design. The generator characteristics are examined for different d‐q control conditions, and the extracted power characteristics of the turbine blades versus generator slip are presented. Then, the two characteristics are analyzed in a joint environment. An integrative study is conducted to examine a variety of parametric data simultaneously for DFIG maximum wind power extraction evaluation. A close‐loop transient simulation using SimPowerSystem is developed to validate the effectiveness of steady‐state results and to further investigate the wind energy extraction and speed control in a feedback control environment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种评价风电场设计水平的新方法

提出了一种独立于当地风资源、基于实际设计水平来评价风电场设计水平的新方法。根据影响发电量的主要设计因素,引入衡量风电机组的选型和布置的3个新指标:风电场发电效率、风电机组容量系数和风电机组布置系数,并推导出这3个系数的表达式。提出的3个新指标具有明确的物理意义,可以定量评价风电场风电机组选型和布置对风电场设计水平的影响。最后对两个实际风电场进行了计算和分析,所得结果的正确性得到风电场实际运行调研和后评价的验证。该方法不仅提出了较全面的对风电场设计水平的评价方法,而且可以进行量化评分,对风电场的设计具有重要的理论意义和经济价值。     

考虑风电消纳能力单目标及多目标模糊机组组合模型及应用

从机组经济调度优化的角度入手,研究了风电消纳的合理应对方式。为使机组组合安排能在消纳更多风电的同时兼顾电力系统运行的安全、可靠性准则,并满足一定的经济性,分别以弃风电量、机组运行费用和机组运行风险度三方面为优化目标建立了机组组合的优化模型及这三者共同的多目标优化模型。利用粒子群算法及模糊多目标优化方法对模型进行求解,并将上述模型和算法应用于某10机算例的计算中。分析结果表明,该建模思路能为风电的有效接纳提供有益的指导。     

我国风电大规模外送协同运行方式研究

由于风力发电具有随机性、间歇性和不可控性等特点,大规模接入后对电网运行将会产生较大影响,目前风电与电网的适应性和配套问题已成为限制风电发展和使用的瓶颈。基于风电出力特性,结合大规模风电外送时存在的问题,研究分析了风电外送协同运行方式,提出了风电大规模外送协同运行方式结构框架,并结合实例进行了应用分析。结果表明,在送端配置相应配套电源及调整风电并网容量等措施后,可有效解决风电外送电力瞬变、随机间隔等问题,并能促使风电外送电力过程相对平稳,降低风电弃风率、增加输送有效容量、提高输变电利用小时数。     

Optimum design of transmissions systems for offshore wind farms including decision making under risk

The power transmission system of an offshore wind farm constitutes the infrastructure that allows the electricity produced by the power plant to be injected into the onshore power transmission network. The design of this transmission system depends on numerous factors: the rated power of the wind farm, wind conditions at the location, the distance from the shore, the cost of electrical equipment, the price of energy, the maintenance costs, the failure rate of the equipment, and so forth. At the design stage, most of these factors remain defined with a degree of uncertainty that, in many cases, may lead to major deviations (risk) with respect to the planned economic performance of the facility. The objective for the project team of the transmission system is the determination of the most suitable configuration of the evacuation infrastructure by selecting the technology, either HVAC or HVDC, and by sizing the electrical equipment: the cables, substations or converter stations, compensation units, among other pieces. To this end, the approach developed in this work includes the assessment of a broad range of feasible scenarios (probabilistic approach) and then the selection of the optimal configuration based on a method of decision-making, taking into account the main technical and economic aspects of the infrastructure.     

节能调度环境下风电、水电与抽水蓄能电站联合运行优化模型及应用

为吸纳弃风、增加风电并网量,基于节能发电调度办法,以发电产生的燃煤成本、机组启停成本及污染排放成本最小为目标,提出了风电、火电联合运行优化模型和风电、火电与抽水蓄能电站联合运行优化模型。算例分析表明,与选择火电作为风电备用服务相比,当选择抽水蓄能电站作为备用服务时,燃煤发电成本、启停成本及污染排放成本明显降低,弃风被完全消纳。选用抽水蓄能电站作为风电备用服务具有显著的环境效益。     

风电与燃气轮机发电互补系统结构与容量配比的研究

对在我国新疆地区采用风力发电与燃气轮机发电组成的互补发电系统的结构和在一定风能资源条件下两种发电系统的容量配比进行了研究。论文首先针对实测的新疆达坂城风电场的风速数据,采用整体风电场功率输出模型,得到了风电场的输出与分布。根据实际的风电场输出负荷,设计了互补中燃气轮机的几种方案。针对燃气轮机的部分负荷运行特点,设计了不同方案的互补运行规则。最后根据不同运行规则,计算了互补系统的整体特性,得到了在一定条件下风电与燃气轮机发电较合适的容量配比。     

含电池储能系统的电热联合系统风电接纳能力评估

为促进风电消纳,减少“弃风”,将电池储能系统（BESS）接入电热联合系统。为考虑风功率的不确定性,基于风功率预测误差的概率特性建立风功率场景概率模型。然后,建立包含BESS的电热联合系统风电接纳能力评估模型。模型具有系统运行成本最低和“弃风”电量最小2个不同维度优化目标,且目标优化之间可能存在冲突。为求解该模型,基于改进主要目标法将其转换为多个单目标优化问题,并采用GAMS中DICOPT求解器给出风电接纳能力评估模型的帕累托解集。基于帕累托解集,从接纳电量和接纳成本两方面对BESS接入后的电热联合系统风电接纳能力进行深入分析。最后进行仿真分析,验证了该文所提模型及求解算法的有效性。     

Review on combined wind power generation and energy storage systems

储能系统由于能够实现电能的时空平移,具有响应速度快,规模化等优点,是改善风电波动性,提高其并网能力的有效手段,构建风储联合发电系统成为目前研究重点.简单介绍了风电并网对电力系统的影响及不同类型电池储能技术的发展现状,给出了部分国内外风储联合发电系统的示范工程,并分析了平滑风电功率波动,跟踪计划出力曲线和削峰填谷3种主要运行方式,重点阐述了目前风储联合发电系统控制策略和储能容量配置研究现状,对进一步开展风储联合发电系统的研究进行了展望,指出经济性仍然是制约储能技术应用的关键问题之一,提高包含储能单元的风储联合发电系统的经济性是今后的研究重点.