Influence of geometry on legibility: An explanatory design study of visitors at the Kuala Lumpur City Center

Legibility is based on landmarks and geometry. Visitors in a space learn to “read” an area by using three-and two-dimensional cues. This research aimed to determine the responses of visitors to the influence of geometry on the legibility at Kuala Lumpur City Center (KLCC). The relationship between geometry and space legibility can affect visitors' wayfinding. In this study, visitors, including 86 respondents and 8 individuals who participated in a focus group, were surveyed through questionnaires and interviews during daytime. Results show that legibility was moderately and positively correlated with regular geometry, but legibility was negligibly affected by existing geometry. Regression analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and scheme coding of qualitative data suggested that regular geometry used in urban spaces might strongly improve legibility. For urban designers, regular geometry associated with landmarks enhances legibility.     

浅谈现代购物中心室内中庭设计的要点

本文根据现代购物中心发展状况,对现代购物中心室内中庭设计进行了初步探讨,提出在进行购物中心中庭空间设计时应该考虑的问题,并结合实际工程进行阐述.     

传承历史文化精髓,打造现代品质生活——浅谈绍兴国际摩尔城住宅小区规划设计

该文介绍了绍兴国际摩尔城住宅小区规划设计。此设计传承历史文化精髓,再现绍兴民居意境,同时引入“Shopping Mall”理念,使传统与现代完美结合,创造一种富有闲情逸致的现代品质生活。     

从美国北岸购物中心谈郊区购物中心的设计特点

本文以美国北岸购物中心为例，指出郊区购物中心具有交通组织便捷、功能构成完善、依靠核心店铺、多为捆绑销售等设计特点，以期为我国郊区购物中心的建设发展提供参考。     

上海大型购物中心（Shopping Mall）空间形态研究

ShoppingMall作为一种新型零售业态,在中国各大城市尤其在上海发展迅速。该文通过实地调研,分析了上海ShoppingMall的外在环境和内在机理,归纳总结了上海已建成的ShoppingMall的空间形态特点,提出其倡导的是一种体验式的消费潮流,注重的不仅是消费者的消费过程,更希望能够提供一个温馨的购物空间环境。     

灵动有序的人性化设计——北京西单大悦城流线设计评析

本文综合作者多次亲身购物体验和数次调研获得的信息，有针对性地对西单大悦城的外部交通流线和内部购物流线组织情况进行了较为全面且客观的评价。认为西单大悦城的内、外流线设计均合理、顺畅，灵动中不失有序，是十分人性化的设计。     

The new century: Lessons learned from Singapore's shopping sector during the 1990's

Singapore's main shopping corridor, Orchard Road, is being challenged as the international shopping paradise for residents and visitors. It no longer reigns supreme as the mecca for international shopping. The loss of prestige and dominance can be attributed to recent shifts in the Singaporean and regional marketplace such as: economic recession, tourism industry slump, societal concerns, technological trends and innovations, shopping sector development in the region, and political uncertainty, etc. Within Singapore, the restructuring of the retail shopping sector from one dominated by the Orchard Road Corridor to one including several satellite shopping centers in the “New Cities” creates additional severe competition for retail customers.  This paper examines the spatial relationships and structure of Singapore's shopping centers and their impact on the Orchard Road corridor. The article highlights selected theories, models, and techniques developed for planning shopping center locations and determining store site selection in an attempt to discover applications for the Singapore shopping scene. The paper also examines environmental conditions that create challenges for the retail shopping industry during the new millenneum: for example, the effects of economic events, government policy changes, visitor pattern shifts, and the changing shopping habits of Singaporeans. While the focus is primarily on problems and opportunities for Singapore's retailers in the main shopping corridor, the implications for the additional surburban centers emerging along mass transit routes in major housing developments are discussed briefly. Finally, plans to counteract the current sluggish market conditions and reposition and revitalizing the centers along Orchard Road to enhance competitiveness for the new millennium, are discussed.     

Valuing user external benefits and developing management strategies for metro system underground arcades

Construction efforts in Japan and Europe indicate that metro system underground arcades (metro malls) provide many positive externalities, including landscape preservation, passenger safety and comfort and efficient land usage. Given the extremely high construction costs of metro malls, a comprehensive cost and benefit analysis is essential to facilitate government and vendor investment in their development. A comprehensive benefit analysis not only contributes to project assessment, but also helps develop comprehensive strategies for designing and managing metro malls. This study takes the East Metro Mall in Taipei City as a case study. The user benefits of the East Metro Mall are evaluated by a questionnaire survey and contingent valuation. Using negative binomial regression to calibrate the bid function, this study demonstrates that metro malls provide most benefits for high-income users, females and special-purpose and passing-by shopping trips. The average willingness to pay to use metro mall is 13.76 Taiwan dollars (1 Taiwan dollar ≈ 0.03 US dollar in 2006) per use. The total user benefits of the East Metro Mall thus can be valued at 21.2 million Taiwan dollars annually. Finally, Based on the calibrated bid function, this study presents suggestions regarding the further development of the East Metro Mall. Four strategies are recommended, relating to two areas, namely services and pricing. These strategies can provide guidelines in planning other metro system underground arcades.     

购物中心交通空间的表现形态

从功能层面、空间层面、环境层面等三方面入手,探讨了购物中心交通空间与其形态影响因素之间的互动关系,结合购物中心设计实例,着重说明购物中心交通空间表现形态的功能复合化、层次多样化、环境丰富化,以期为我国的购物中心交通空间设计提供参考。     

Do shopping centers abate the resilience of shopping streets? The co-existence of both shopping venues in Ankara,Turkey

The sustainability of cities highly depends on city center viability and shopping street resilience. With the increasing number of shopping centers and their strong impact on existing retail systems, the major urban challenge has become maintaining a balance in the market. When shopping centers appeared, shopping streets began suffering from the negative influence of these new centers. Turkey, as a developing country, suffered from this change in last two decades. With the shopping center supporting policies and regulations of both central and local governments, the situation has become worse, and detrimental to small, independent retailers located on shopping streets. The controlled, trendy and convenient shopping environment, variety, quality and pricing of goods and services have attracted customers to shopping centers. This has been a revisited topic in the planning literature and the common statement was that the emergence of shopping centers abates the viability of city centers and shopping streets. However, in time, the shopping streets have adapted to the changes, thus become more resilient to the negative impacts of shopping centers. The current planning literature has been limited to the analysis of either shopping center systems, or shopping streets. In contrast to this approach, in this study, we are analyzing both retail venues, and comparing their consumer profiles, preferences and spatial behaviors. The purpose is to exhibit the strengths and weaknesses of shopping centers and shopping streets, and identify the qualifications attractive to their customers. This will provide an opportunity for urban policy makers to redefine a retail policy framework which will contribute to shopping street resilience and city center viability. Ankara is selected for two reasons: (1) as of 2011, the shopping center gross leasable area per 1000 people was the highest in Turkey, (2) the city center is still vivid, and shopping street retailers continue to survive amid the high level of shopping center floor space. Two separate questionnaires were given in 13 shopping centers, and 11 main shopping streets in Ankara. The findings reveal that: (1) shopping centers are used by consumers from all districts, in particular, from suburban districts, and shopping streets are mainly used by consumers living in inner city districts, (2) the consumer profiles of shopping centers and shopping streets are distinctive in terms of age, occupation and education, (3) shopping centers are usually preferred by car owners, which encourages development of new shopping centers at the urban fringe, (4) shopping centers and shopping streets are preferred for similar purposes, and shopping streets, in particular, are preferred for entertainment. Therefore, the major conclusion is that the shopping streets in Ankara have a certain level of resilience in terms of consumer diversity, retailer variety, quality and complementary degree. This level can be further increased by new retail planning policies that will focus on attracting consumers from different backgrounds, offering a conducive business environment for special brands, and initiating new revitalization plans and programs for maintenance and design of city centers.     

松江交通枢纽暨购物中心大跨度钢穹顶力学分析

松江交通枢纽暨购物中心中庭大屋盖为一个120m跨度的圆台形穹顶，本对该结构的设计过程做了概述，特别是对结构的静力分析、动力特性和稳定分析作了较为详细的介绍。     

商业创新模式下的建筑设计服务

购物中心作为一种现代的零售商业模式,从上世纪90年代进入中国后,已为一般民众厂为接受。文章首先简要地介绍了美国购物中心的开发历史和类型,尤其是近年来出现的生活方式中心的特点和发展趋势。对于购物中心在中国的开发、规划设计中经常遇到的一些内容,如融资方式,主力商店和专卖店等进行了讨论。最后对于建筑师在这新的商业模式下如何与设计团队一起提供专业服务方面根据自身的经验提出了自己的看法。     

美国捷得国际建筑师事务所:场所制造

本文介绍美国建筑师江捷得（ＪｏｎＡ．Ｊｅｒｄｅ）和捷得国际建筑师事务所。文章讨论了该事务所在购物中心与社区中心设计中贯穿的重要设计哲学与理念之一：场所制造。文章同时也探讨了捷得事务所进十年来在发展综合使用工程中,其中包括购物中心的新潮流。     

基于空间句法分析的购物中心交通空间可识别性研究——以厦门加州城市广场为例

本文从空间构形的角度,分析了空间句法和购物中心交通空间可识别性的关系.同时以厦门加州城市广场为例,借助Axwoman4.0软件,通过分析其三层平面交通空间的轴线图,比较其句法变量,来探讨此空间可识别性以及改善对策.     

购物中心室内客流动线设计要点探讨

本文列举了众多近年来开业的购物中心实例,通过组成动线的几大要点,包括水平动线、垂直动线、动线节点空间,阐述了购物中心商业类型的“空间组合形式”,强调设计需着重考虑购物中心的整体价值最大化。结合商业发展趋势,展望了体验式购物中心所引导的设计方法与策略。     

南京水游城购物中心开发模式解析

南京水游城商业开发模式在所谓的第四代商业模式的基础上,将自身特色和对国内商业市场的理解与传统购物中心、生活时尚中心的特点相结合而孕育出的一种创新商业模式。南京水游城强调体验式购物,在满足人们一站式购物需求的同时,融入体验式消费,时间性消费的新型购物理念。在南京水游城的商业模式中购物已不再是最重要的功能,通过将购物、餐饮、休闲、娱乐四大功能一体化打造出新一代"时间性消费之城"。     

美国双城地区购物中心的发展与规划

明尼苏达州双城地区是美国中西部最大的都市区之一,购物中心的发展在这里有比较特殊的历史。本文介绍双城地区购物中心的发展历史与现状（包括购物中心的种类、分布和发展挑战）,并探讨了购物中心的规划。购物中心的规划与城市管治的模式关系密切。和美国很多其他都市区一样,双城地区的城市管治有着显著的分散化、分权化和自由化的特征。同时,都市区内各个城市之间彼此独立但又相互合作,有专门的组织（譬如大都市理事会）负责规划、协调都市区的整体发展。在研究购物中心的规划时,文章首先介绍购物中心的规划过程、规划的主要参与者及资金来源;然后分析了公众参与、城市发展规划（特别是土地利用规划和交通规划）和区域经济政策（特别是《财政分税法案》）对购物中心发展的影响。毫无疑问,购物中心对城市的发展也有重要影响。最后,文章还简要讨论了双城地区购物中心的发展对城市人口分布以及城市交通发展的影响。     

步行商业区的交通、生态、历史整合——杭州湖滨旅游商贸步行街区城市设计

杭州湖滨作为城市面向西湖的“客厅” ,要建设成商业步行街区面临着众多矛盾。城市设计以交通为突破口 ,利用地铁建设的契机 ,将城市基面下降 ,使人车分离 ,促使城市立体化 ;并通过商业与自然的互渗 ,多模式继承历史文化和因地制宜组织天际线等措施 ,力求形成现代高效、独具特色和充满活力的商业步行街区。     

论体验式商业中心的规划设计

本文首先针对当前国内商业中心的现状与发展趋势,从体验式商业中心的概念及特点,与传统购物中心区别分析了体验式商业中心这一新的建筑形式.其次,通过实际案例解析、归纳分析,结合国内外先进理论,对体验式商业的体验主题设计、空间格局与人流组织、街道尺度与景观环境设计、建筑风格与立面设计四个主要方面进行了研究和分析,总结了体验式商...     

商业建筑火灾场景设计的试验研究

当前,建筑防火设计规范向性能化方向发展。性能化防火设计所做的主要工作是火灾风险评估,而火灾场景设计是火灾风险评估的基础。以火灾荷载调查数据为基础进行典型商业建筑火灾场景设计的试验研究,设计大型购物中心内快餐店和运动休闲店两类店铺的燃料包并进行ISO 9705实体房间火试验,用于确定燃料包的燃烧特性,如热释放速率、毒性气体产生速率等。试验结果表明:快餐店和运动休闲店两个燃料包的火灾增长率处于中速火和快速火之间,并且偏向于快速火,两个试验的热释放速率的峰值都达到1MW左右,平均热释放速率快餐店为139kW,运动休闲店为191kW。试验结果可以为建筑设计师和消防工程师在火灾风险评估中设计火灾场景提供参考。