微乳液法制备纳米氧化锌粒子

采用微乳液法制备了纳米ZnO粒子,探讨了影响纳米ZnO粒子生成的因素.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为主表面活性剂与助表面活性剂之比为3:1、煅烧温度600℃、煅烧时间3 h.并用红外光谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等对产物进行了表征,所制备的纳米ZnO粒子粒径为20nm左右,形貌为球型或类球型.     

溶剂热法合成氧化锌纳米棒

采用PEG辅助溶剂热合成了ZnO纳米棒,通过SEM、EDS和XRD等手段对产物进行了表征。结果显示,合成的ZnO纳米棒直径在20 nm左右,长大约150,且长度和直径分布均匀。研究了PEG的添加量对形成ZnO纳米棒的影响,并且探讨了PEG促进纳米棒生长的机理。     

ZnO异质复合对纳米TiO2晶型转变和晶粒生长的影响

以TiCl4,ZnSO4溶液为原料,采用液相沉淀法制备了不同ZnO/TiO2摩尔比的纳米复合粉体.对合成的纳米复合晶的相变、晶粒生长过程以及紫外-可见光吸收性能进行了研究.结果表明:纳米TiO2经ZnO复合后,其晶型转变和晶粒生长均受到抑制.当ZnO为30%(摩尔分数)时,且采用氨水滴入TiCl4和ZnSO4溶液中的沉淀方式制备的ZnO/TiO2纳米复合晶的晶型转变和晶粒生长最缓慢.紫外-可见光吸收测试表明:800℃煅烧的ZnO/TiO2复合粉体的吸收强度比纯TiO2的高;900～1 050℃煅烧的复合粉体,虽然紫外区的吸收强度有所下降,但其光吸收带边比纯TiO2纳米晶的有显著红移.     

纳米氧化锌光催化降解甲基橙的研究

以硝酸锌、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为原料,反应温度为80℃,反应时间为8 h,通过加热煅烧制备出纳米氧化锌粉体,煅烧温度500℃可制备纳米级的ZnO粉末,平均粒径为32 nm;水溶液中甲基橙在ZnO光照催化下,能迅速分解。以甲基橙为脱色对象,讨论了催化剂用量、光照时间及pH值对光催化降解甲基橙性能的影响。     

氧化锌纳米晶的制备及光催化性能研究

采用沉淀-热分解方法制备纳米ZnO,并用场发射扫描电子显微镜和X-射线衍射仪分析所制备的ZnO粉体的晶粒大小和物相,同时研究了在不同煅烧温度下制备的纳米ZnO对次甲基蓝的光催化降解效率.实验结果表明:在450 ℃下煅烧2 h制备的ZnO粉体的粒径基本分布在20～40 nm的范围内,且具有(假)六方结构.将在400 ℃和500 ℃下合成的ZnO纳米晶相比,在450 ℃下合成的样品对次甲基蓝的光催化降解效率较高;此外,外加适量的30%H2O2(质量含量,下同)溶液能显著提高纳米ZnO对次甲基蓝的光催化降解效率.     

活性炭负载纳米ZnO的结构及常温脱除H2S的性能

采用均匀沉淀法分别以煤质炭和椰壳炭为载体,纳米ZnO为活性组分制备了活性炭负载纳米ZnO脱硫剂。利用X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对脱硫剂的结构进行表征,并在固定床反应器上考察了H2S的吸附性能。结果表明:所制备的脱硫剂表面负载了纳米ZnO晶体,活性炭表面孔的数量影响纳米ZnO的晶粒尺寸,椰壳炭负载的纳米ZnO晶粒尺寸为11.4nm,而煤质炭上纳米ZnO晶粒为68.9nm;活性炭载体提高了脱硫活性组分的利用率,椰壳炭负载后样品的脱硫活性明显好于煤质炭。当空速为4600/h时,300℃焙烧1h的椰壳炭负载纳米ZnO样品的穿透时间可高达48min。炭表面纳米ZnO晶粒尺寸是影响H2S脱除性能的主要因素。     

PMMA/纳米ZnO薄膜的紫外屏蔽性能研究

采用硅烷偶联剂对纳米ZnO进行了表面改性,并采用旋转涂膜法制备了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)/纳米ZnO薄膜,研究了薄膜的紫外屏蔽性能。结果表明,表面改性的纳米ZnO在水和甲苯中均无明显沉淀现象,其溶解性得到改善;改性纳米ZnO红外图谱中877cm-1处出现的新吸收峰,可证实偶联剂已成功修饰于粒子表面;光学显微镜与原子力显微镜测试表明,改性ZnO在PMMA薄膜中的颗粒团聚减少,其分散性得到改善。当PMMA在甲苯中浓度为0.04g/mL、纳米ZnO为PMMA质量的10%时,薄膜的紫外屏蔽性能最好,紫外区透过率为0.66;相同配比的PMMA/改性ZnO薄膜的紫外屏蔽性能明显提高,紫外区透过率为0.53。     

ZnO纳米棒的形貌控制规律及脱硫性能EI北大核心CSCD

在催化领域,氧化锌纳米棒因其在径向上具有纳米粒子的小尺寸效应、纵向上具有体相材料的宏观特性,而受到越来越多的关注。采用改进的溶剂热法合成ZnO纳米棒,采用分步法加入Zn^(2+)与NaOH。通过X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜等方法对样品进行表征,探究了聚乙二醇(PEG)辅助ZnO纳米棒合成的作用机理以及NaOH的加入方式对ZnO纳米棒形貌控制规律的影响,研究了不同长/径的ZnO纳米棒的脱硫性能。结果表明:PEG的分子量对ZnO纳米棒的形貌有着显著影响,PEG分子量为20000时,能够在温和的溶剂热条件下,控制合成出长度为3~4μm,直径为250 nm左右的ZnO纳米棒,分步法加入NaOH优于一步法加入NaOH。将合成的ZnO纳米棒负载金属氧化镍制成脱硫剂,大长/径的棒状ZnO脱硫剂的脱硫率高达98.2%,同时具有良好的再生性能。     

ZnO纳米棒的制备和气敏性质

以二水合醋酸锌为原料,以十二烷基苯磺酸钠为表面修饰剂,利用微乳液法合成了结晶良好的ZnO纳米棒.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和高分辨透射电子显微镜对所得产物的晶体结构和形貌进行了表征.结果表明:所得的ZnO纳米棒具有六方纤锌矿结构,且尺寸分布均匀,直径为20～30 nm,长度为1.0 μm.利用所得ZnO纳米棒制备...     

热分解金属–有机框架-5制备染料敏化太阳能电池ZnO光阳极薄膜

在不同温度下热分解金属–有机框架-5(MOF-5),制备不同平均粒径、不同结晶度的六方纤锌结构纳米ZnO,通过刮刀法将制备所得ZnO浆料制备成ZnO光阳极薄膜,并组装成染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSC)。采用X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜对合成的MOF-5、ZnO纳米粒和ZnO光阳极薄膜的物相和形貌进行表征,研究了ZnO纳米粒形貌和光阳极厚度对电池性能的影响。结果表明:MOF-5的煅烧温度越高,获得的ZnO纳米粒粒径越大,结晶度越高。ZnO纳米粒粒径越小,比表面积越大,制备的光阳极膜染料吸附量越大,DSSC的光电转换效率越高。然而,如果ZnO纳米粒粒径过小,结晶度太低,则会降低电池的光电转换效率。当ZnO纳米粒平均粒径为65.5 nm,制备所得的电池效率最高;通过优化光阳极膜厚度,可进一步提高电池效率,当厚度为48μm时电池效率最高,为3.86%。     

热蒸发法制备ZnO微／纳米材料的光催化性能研究

采用简单的热蒸发法,调控温度与催化剂制备了ZnO微／纳米材料,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X-射线衍射（xRD）对产物的结构和形貌进行了表征,并以甲基橙溶液为光催化反应模型降解物,考察了样品的光催化活性。结果显示,ZnO微／纳米材料为六角纤锌矿结构,Ni（NO3）2催化剂的存在对不同温度下生成的ZnO光催化效率有较显著影响。     

Nano ZnO grafted on MAA/BA/MMA copolymer: An additive for hygienic coating

Nano ZnO particles were synthesized by treating zinc oxalate with glycol and amines. The treated nano particles were in-situ grafted on methacrylic acid/butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate via solution polymerization technique to prevent aggregation in the coating. The characterizations of grafted and treated nano ZnO particles were performed by transmission electron microscopy, atomic force spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and particle size analysis. The outcome of this surface modification and varying concentrations of nano ZnO has helped in establishing it as an antibacterial additive in hygienic coating.     

Effect of silane modified nano ZnO on UV degradation of polyurethane coatings

Nanosized ZnO modified by 2-aminoethyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APS) was prepared using the precipitation method. Modified nano ZnO by silane (ZnO-APS) was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and UV–vis measurements. The degradation of the polyurethane coating, the polyurethane coatings containing 0.1 wt% nano ZnO and the polyurethane coatings containing nano ZnO-APS at two concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 wt%) during QUV test was evaluated by gloss measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The coating surface after QUV test was observed with SEM. The results show that nano ZnO-APS has spherical structure with particle size around 10–15 nm. Nano ZnO improved the UV resistance of the PU coating and surface treatment by APS enhanced the effect of nano ZnO. The presence of nano ZnO-APS at 0.1 wt% concentration significantly improved the UV resistance of polyurethane coating.     

建筑外墙涂料用纳米ZnO／PMMA复合乳液的合成

采用原位乳液聚合方法合成了接枝型纳米ZnO／PMMA复合乳液,研究了接枝聚合反应机理,探讨了单体、乳化剂和纳米ZnO用量等因素对聚合反应的影响,考查了复合乳液涂膜的抗紫外线性能,结果表明纳米复合乳液涂层具有明显的吸收紫外光的能力。纳米ZnO／PMMA复合乳液可用于制备功能性外墙涂料。     

纳米氧化锌对天然胶乳膜干燥及硫化性能影响研究

采用失重法和溶胀法研究了普通氧化锌和纳米氧化锌活化的天然胶乳膜的干燥动力学,以及干燥过程中胶乳膜交联密度变化.结果表明:天然胶乳厚胶膜在成膜后仍含有大量水分并且去除困难.纳米氧化锌活化胶膜的干燥速率明显高于普通氧化锌胶膜.干燥温度对干燥过程影响显著,干燥时间随干燥温度升高明显降低.随着干燥的进行,2种氧化锌活化的胶乳膜的交联密度均迅速上升,在相同条件下,纳米氧化锌活化胶乳膜交联密度均比普通氧化锌的大.纳米氧化锌对天然胶乳膜的干燥及硫化过程均有促进作用.     

Morphological characterization of aluminum-doped zinc oxide nanomaterials (AZO) for dye-sensitized solar cells

In this work, aluminum-doped ZnO (AZO, Al:ZnO) nanocomposite materials were prepared by a simple hydrothermal method using the microwave oven. Zinc oxide nanostructures were doped with aluminum in different dopant concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%). AZO materials were analyzed using XRD, SEM and EDX measurements. Also dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) performances of AZOs were investigated. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirms that the synthesized AZO nanomaterials were nanorods and nanoplates in shape and have 200 nm to 974 nm sizes in length and 116.1-269.5 nm in diameters (shown Figure 4-5). Dye-sensitized solar cell efficiencies are higher in 0.5% and 1% AZO nanorod materials. We have found the maximum efficiency as 1.94% for 1% doped AZO nanorod materials.     

Structural and optical properties of a radio frequency magnetron-sputtered ZnO thin film with different growth angles

This study introduces optical properties of a columnar structured zinc oxide [ZnO] antireflection coating for solar cells. We obtained ZnO films of columnar structure on glass substrates using a specially designed radio frequency magnetron sputtering system with different growth angles. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy was utilized to check the growth angles of the ZnO films which were controlled at 0°, 15°, and 30°. The film thickness was fixed at 100 nm to get a constant experiment condition. Grain sizes of the ZnO films were measured by X-ray diffraction. A UV-visible spectrometer was used to measure the transmittance and reflectance of the ZnO film columnar structures as a function of the growth angles.     

Unique coating formulation for corrosion and microbial prevention of mild steel

TGBAPB matrix material along with functionalized (F-ZnO) and non-functionalized (N-ZnO) nano ZnO as reinforcements was used to develop two unique skeletally modified tetra functional epoxy nano-hybrid coatings. The formation of N-ZnO was confirmed by TEM analysis. Amine functionalization of ZnO nanoparticle on its surface was achieved by grafting 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as coupling agent. The FT-IR spectra revealed that the silane coupling agent was covalently bonded to the surface of ZnO nanoparticles, offering better dispersibility and compatibility with TGBAPB epoxy matrix. The effect of surface functionalization of nano ZnO towards corrosion resistance investigated by electrochemical impedance (EIS) indicates that the coating film had good corrosion resistance. Furthermore, the antimicrobial test indicated that F-ZnO-TGBAPB coating had strong antimicrobial activity against high concentration of Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria. Thus the TGBAPB-F-ZnO coating formulation appears to be unique by preventing both corrosion and bacterial growth.     

Study on electrochemical behavior of Nano‐ZnO modified alkyd‐based waterborne coatings

A nano‐composite coating was formed using nano‐ZnO as pigment in different concentrations, to a specially developed alkyd‐based waterborne coating. The nano‐ZnO modified composite coatings were applied on mild steel substrate by dipping. The dispersion of nano‐ZnO particles in coating system was investigated by scanning electron microscopic and atomic force microscopic techniques. The effect of the addition of these nano‐pigments on the electrochemical behavior of the coating was investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution, using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Coating modified with higher concentration of nano‐ZnO particles showed comparatively better performance as was evident from the pore resistance (R_po) and coating capacitance (C_c) values after 30 days of exposure. In general, the study showed an improvement in the corrosion resistance of the nano‐particle modified coatings as compared with the neat coating, confirming the positive effect of nano‐particle addition in coatings. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

UV固化粉末涂料组成与性能的研究

采用功率热补偿型扫描量热仪和INSTRON32 11毛细管流变仪测定了UV固化粉末涂料用主体树脂的玻璃化温度 (Tg)和流变性能 ,研究了该涂料中不同光引发剂体系对涂料光固化性能和涂膜物理性能的影响 ,及添加不同纳米材料对涂料涂膜物理性能的影响。