基于遗传算法的自然语言参数阈值优化方法

提出了一种基于遗传算法的动词-动词搭配参数阈值自动优化方法.该方法的主要优点表现在三个方面:①该方法是一种数据驱动的机器学习方法,在一定程度上避免了经验性方法确定参数阈值所固有的人为误差;②与经验性方法每次分别确定一个参数阈值不同,该方法是一种多参数整体阈值优化方法;③不像经验性方法那样给不同数据提供的是同一组参数阈值,该方法能动态获得适合于不同规模或不同领域数据的参数阈值.对比实验表明,使用本方法所获得的4个阈值对于提高动词-动词搭配F值的效果明显.本方法不仅适用于动词-动词搭配参数阈值的选取,也适用于其它多参数阈值选取问题,如规则边界优化,分类与聚类参数阈值优化等.     

利用关联关系的标准件参数化设计方法

分析了产品几何建模的参数化设计方法,提出了一种基于关联关系的标准件参数化设计方法。阐述了参数化设计方法的原理,即采用关联参数建立多个组件间的关联,以实现标准件的参数化设计。利用CATIA平台,给出了圆锥滚子轴承基于关联关系的参数化设计过程,证明了该设计方法的可行性。     

参数灵敏度反馈车辆半主动悬架控制

为解决悬架控制器对车辆参数和行驶工况参数变化的适应性问题,不同于以往的自适应、自校正控制方法,将参数灵敏度引入控制系统中,以降低参数灵敏度为目标进行车辆半主动悬架系统控制研究。控制系统的反馈由状态反馈和灵敏度反馈两部分组成。应用该方法在常用车辆参数和行驶工况参数下设计控制器,并与传统的LQR控制器进行比较。研究表明,在车辆参数和行驶工况参数不变情况下,灵敏度反馈方法所得车身加速度和轮胎变形增益比二次型最优方法减小6 d B~8 d B;两种方法所得悬架动挠度基本接近。此外,当路面激励增加、车速提高和车辆载荷减小时,灵敏度反馈方法比二次型最优方法具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于GM-噪声SVR方法的矿山设备可靠性参数估计

为了有效估计小子样条件下矿山设备的三参数威布尔分布可靠性模型参数,提出基于GM-噪声SVR的参数估计方法。该方法以灰色估计法(GM)为基础估计模型的位置参数,采用基于训练样本数量和噪声参数寻优的ε - 带支持向量回归机(ε-SVR)估计尺度参数和形状参数,并通过拟合的三参数威布尔分布函数分析预测和解决设备的可靠性问题。算例结果表明,GM-噪声SVR方法可以很好地用于矿山设备可靠性模型参数估计,估计某带式输送机三参数威布尔分布可靠性模型的位置参数、尺度参数和形状参数依次为3.1525、188.3763、1.0476,平均无故障时间为188 h,标准均方根误差NRMSE为0.0519。这表明该方法的可行性和有效性。     

结构物理参数识别的贝叶斯估计马尔可夫蒙特卡罗方法

从结构动力特征方程出发,以结构主模态参数为观测量,推得结构物理参数线性回归模型。对该模型应用贝叶斯估计理论得到物理参数后验联合分布,再结合马尔可夫蒙特卡罗抽样方法给出各个物理参数的边缘概率分布和最优估计值,而提出了基于结构主模态参数的结构物理参数识别贝叶斯估计马尔可夫蒙特卡罗方法。对五层剪切型结构的数值研究表明,此方法能够利用少数主模态参数给出结构质量和刚度参数的概率分布和最优识别值,而且在主模态参数较准确时识别误差很小。     

机载InSAR敏感度方程定标限制条件的仿真实验

通过对机载干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)常用的干涉参数定标方法——基于敏感度方程的干涉定标的仿真实验,分别在逐步增多需要定标的干涉参数个数和增大干涉参数偏差量的情况下,深入研究了这种定标方法对参与定标的干涉参数数目及干涉参数偏差边界值等的限制条件,结果表明,该方法在多干涉参数和大偏差条件下可以实现有效校准。     

基于舰船噪声的海底单参数反演

利用舰船噪声进行地声参数反演是近年来的热门研究课题之一。目前大多数利用舰船噪声的反演方法依赖于多参数海底模型,而多维参数的求解加大了反演的复杂度,因此,基于海底单参数模型,提出一种使用舰船噪声作为声源的海底单参数反演方法。基于实验数据进行海底单参数反演,并用反演得到的结果,对实验海域的传播损失进行预报。最后,对海底单参数与频率的关系进行了拟合和研究,验证了反演方法的有效性。     

有限维线性系统参数辨识问题

本文考虑一维输入输出有限维线性系统参数辨识问题。该问题源于电机系统的参数辨识。首先我们对简单参数形式的线性时不变动态系统,给出了一种精确辨识方法,并给出了这种辨识方法的误差界。这种方法能够保证辨识出的参数是最佳的;而且不用求解对应的非线性最小二乘问题,只需求一元多项式的根,从而大大减少计算量。接着我们考虑了复合参数形式的线性时变系统参数辨识问题,给出了一种近似辨识方法,并导出了该方法的误差界;该方法本质是通过求解非线性最小二乘问题来辨识参数。对于测量存在误差、误差服从区间分布的线性系统,我们给出了其等价的确定性问题,并给出了几个算例。计算结果表明,本文给出的参数辨识方法是有效的。     

一种基于离散变分原理的非线性动力系统参数识别方法

提出了一种辨识非线性动力系统模型参数的方法。首先将待辨识参数的导数引入到系统输出误差代价函数中;然后利用离散变分原理导出关于待辨识参数的差分方程,并与系统方程一同求解;最后通过迭代运算使待辨识参数从给定的初值收敛到稳定真值。利用本方法对线性和非线性振动系统的模型参数分别进行了参数识别仿真,数值计算结果证明了方法的有效性。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to