二甲醚的生产与技术进展

二甲醚（DME）作为一种清洁化学品在制药、燃料、农药、化学品的合成方面有许多独特的用途，是重要的化工原料，可以用作气雾剂的抛射剂、制冷剂、发泡剂；高浓度的二甲醚可用做麻醉剂；还可替代LPG及柴油成为新型燃料。二甲醚目前的主要用途是作为气雾剂的抛射剂。国外许多国家正在开发二甲醚代替氟氯烃作制冷剂和发泡剂；开发利用二甲醚作为聚乙烯、聚氨基甲酸乙酯、热塑性聚酯泡沫的发泡剂。二甲醚与甲醇按一定比例的混合物是一种理想的液体燃料，可作为城市煤气和液化气的代用品。二甲醚还可作为汽油添加剂来生产无铅汽油。因此，对二甲醚生产方法及应用领域的研究，成为了国内外极为重视的开发课题。     

二甲醚技术进展及发展前景

介绍国内外二甲醚的生产、工艺技术及大型项目的进展，分析其经济性，并结合国情讨论在我国的发展前景。     

二甲醚的生产技术和前景展望

本文详细介绍了二甲醚的多种用途及生产技术，并对现有国内外生产工艺技术生产比较，指出了合成气一步法二甲醚合，成更具有热力学方面的优势，建议大力开展合成气一步法直接合成二甲醚工艺及催化剂的研究，二甲醚作为用途广泛绿色化学品，其市场需求量日益增加，其性能和用途决定了具有广阔的前景市场，使其大规模使用成为可能。     

二甲醚合成技术进展

二甲醚简称DME,分子结构式为CH3OH3,是醚族的最低级同系物。在通常状态下二甲醚是气体,但稍加压力就可成为液体。这种性质使二甲醚适合用作一些产品(如喷雾涂料、清漆、喷洒型农药以及化妆品)的抛射剂。在自然状态下,二甲醚在1～2天内完全分解,但不会像氯氟化碳(CFC)那样到达臭氧层,因此不产生温室效应。     

二甲醚的生产技术现状及前景展望

简要介绍了二甲醚（DME）的各种生产方法及技术进展情况，并对其工艺特点进行了分析比较。以甲醇为原料的二甲醚生产技术较为成熟，该工艺流程较长，设备投资大，产品成本较高，受甲醇市场波动的影响比较大；合成气法二甲醚的生产成本大大降低，可以替代LPG及柴油成为新型燃料，这对于我国能源的优化利用具有重要意义。     

二甲醚生产技术进展综述

综合叙述了二甲醚生产技术及其应用和发展的概况。     

二甲醚在切割及焊接中的应用

二甲醚(DME)替代乙炔气在切割、焊接中的应用，具有环保、安全、低成本等优点。     

二甲醚应用前景瞻望

二甲醚（DME）是近几年被广泛看好的柴油及液化气替代燃料,本文论述了DME的用途及应用前景,主要阐述了二甲醚用作替代燃料的潜在优势。     

二甲醚技术进展及发展前景

介绍国内外二甲醚的生产、工艺技术及大型项目的进展,分析其经济性,并结合国情讨论在我国的发展前景.     

合成气一步法制二甲醚技术进展

介绍了开发中的合成气一步合成二甲醚新工艺的进展情况,重点介绍丹麦Halder Topsoe、美国Air Products和日本NKK公司的开发成果,并对其经济性进行了评价。     

国内二甲醚生产技术

简述了二甲醚的性质和合成方法,介绍国内最新二甲醚合成技术发展动态.     

二甲醚的最新技术进展

介绍了二甲醚（OME）的各种生产方法及技术进展情况,并对其工艺特点进行了分析比较。以甲醇为原料的二甲醚生产技术较为成熟,该工艺流程较长,设备投资大,产品成果较高,受甲醇市场波动的影响比较大;合成气法生产二甲醚的成本大大降低,可以替代LPG及柴油成为新型燃料,二甲醚作为清洁燃料系列产品,作为能源的替代品,具有非常广阔的前景,对于我国能源的优化利用具有重要意义。     

合成气一步法制二甲醚催化剂的研究

在Cu-Zn-Al甲醇催化剂制备工艺的基础上,研制出合成气一步法制二甲醚催化剂。经过实验室试验和评价,确定了催化剂使用的最佳工艺条件：压力40 MPa,温度270～310 ℃,空速1 000～2 000 ｈ^-1,合成气中H2体积分数为70%～80%,CO体积分数6%～12%,CO₂体积分数3%～4%。在该条件下,CO转化率大于85％,二甲醚选择性大于90％,二甲醚的收率达65％以上。催化剂表现出良好的活性、选择性和稳定性。     

Combustion and emission characteristics of DME as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines with a high pressure injection system

The subject of this work is the investigation of the injection characteristics of neat dimethyl ether (DME) and the effect of DME fuel on the exhaust emission characteristics and engine performance of compression ignition engines. In order to analyze the injection characteristics of DME fuel as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines, experiments were conducted to obtain the injection rate profile. The effective nozzle diameter and its velocity, and the discharge coefficient of the nozzle were analyzed by applying a nozzle flow model that accounted for the effect of cavitation. In addition, combustion characteristics of DME and diesel fuel in terms of combustion pressure, rate of heat release, indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), and ignition delay at various injection timings were investigated on a constant energy input basis.When a constant pulse width was applied, the results of DME injection characterization showed that the actual injection duration of DME was longer than that of diesel fuel because the injection started faster and ended with more delay. The DME fueled engine showed slightly higher IMEP and NO_x emission with drastically lower CO and HC emissions and the possible reasons for the higher IMEP of DME fuel was discussed.     

Combustion performance test of a new fuel DME to adapt to a gas turbine for power generation

Recently, DME (dimethyl ether, CH₃OCH₃) has attracted a great deal of attention as an alternative fuel owing to its easy transportation and cleanliness. This study was conducted to verify the combustion performance and to identify potential problems when DME is fueled to a gas turbine. Combustion tests were conducted by comparing DME with methane, which is a major component of natural gas, in terms of combustion instability, NO_x and CO emissions, and the outlet temperature of the combustion chamber. The results of the performance tests show that DME combustion is very clean but hard to control. The CO emission level of DME is lower than that of methane, while the NO_x emission level of DME is as low as that of methane. When firing DME, the pressure fluctuation in the combustion chamber caused by combustion instability is lower than that occasioned when firing methane. From the results of the outlet temperature of combustor we have ascertained that DME combustion is more likely to flash back than methane combustion and this property should be considered when operating a gas turbine and retrofitting a burner.     

共沉淀法制备浆状催化剂前躯体对一步法合成二甲醚的影响

用共沉淀法制备一步法合成二甲醚浆状催化剂的前躯体,完全液相热处理后,在浆态床中对其催化性能进行了测试,通过XRD、BET和元素分析对其进行了表征。结果表明,将Zr组分引入CuZnSiAl催化剂后,催化剂二甲醚的选择性提高。     

Industrial gas turbine combustion performance test of DME to use as an alternative fuel for power generation

DME (dimethyl ether, CH₃OCH₃) is both a good alternative fuel for transportation and power generation and an LPG substitute owing to its cleanliness, multi-source productivity and the ease with which it is transported. This study was conducted to verify whether DME is a good fuel for gas turbines and to identify potential problems in fuelling a commercial gas turbine with DME. In this study, the GE7EA gas turbine of the Pyong-tak power plant in Korea was selected as the target of DME application. Combustion performance tests were conducted by comparing DME with methane, which is a major component of natural gas. Most results of the combustion performance tests show that DME is very clean and efficient fuel for gas turbines. However, other results have shown that it is necessary to retrofit a fuel nozzle to the combustor in consideration of the combustion properties of DME in order to enhance the availability and reliability of DME fired gas turbines.     

甲醇脱水制二甲醚工艺研究

介绍二甲醚的用途，根据甲醇脱水制二甲醚反应的特点，编制了一个规模为5000t／a两塔流程的甲醇气相催化脱水制二甲醚工艺。模拟后得到了一套数据，每吨二甲醚消耗甲醇的定额为1．414t。     

二甲醚的用途及发展前景

介绍了二甲醚（DME）的用途及发展前景，阐述了二甲醚用作柴油替代燃料的潜在优势。     

二甲醚精馏塔实验研究与模拟计算

建立了用于二甲醚精制的精馏塔实验流程,实验测定了在操作工艺条件下的精馏结果。以平衡级理论为依据建立二甲醚精馏过程的数学模型,根据研究体系在通常情况下沸点相差较大、液相非理想性的特点,建立序贯收敛的循环嵌套迭代计算方法对模型进行求解,模拟计算结果与实验数据结果吻合较好。对二甲醚精馏塔的模拟分析结果表明：塔顶要得到含量不小于99 %(mol)二甲醚产品,维持操作压力1 MPa、在精馏塔中部进料的情况下,进料量不超过22 mol·h^-1为宜;回流比要根据进料液中二甲醚组分含量控制在一定范围内;进料液中二氧化碳含量高低对产品二甲醚纯度和收率影响显著,在进入精馏塔之前尽可能地将二氧化碳除去是必要的。