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二甲醚(DME)作为一种清洁化学品在制药、燃料、农药、化学品的合成方面有许多独特的用途,是重要的化工原料,可以用作气雾剂的抛射剂、制冷剂、发泡剂;高浓度的二甲醚可用做麻醉剂;还可替代LPG及柴油成为新型燃料。二甲醚目前的主要用途是作为气雾剂的抛射剂。国外许多国家正在开发二甲醚代替氟氯烃作制冷剂和发泡剂;开发利用二甲醚作为聚乙烯、聚氨基甲酸乙酯、热塑性聚酯泡沫的发泡剂。二甲醚与甲醇按一定比例的混合物是一种理想的液体燃料,可作为城市煤气和液化气的代用品。二甲醚还可作为汽油添加剂来生产无铅汽油。因此,对二甲醚生产方法及应用领域的研究,成为了国内外极为重视的开发课题。 相似文献
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二甲醚的生产技术现状及前景展望 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
简要介绍了二甲醚(DME)的各种生产方法及技术进展情况,并对其工艺特点进行了分析比较。以甲醇为原料的二甲醚生产技术较为成熟,该工艺流程较长,设备投资大,产品成本较高,受甲醇市场波动的影响比较大;合成气法二甲醚的生产成本大大降低,可以替代LPG及柴油成为新型燃料,这对于我国能源的优化利用具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Combustion and emission characteristics of DME as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines with a high pressure injection system 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The subject of this work is the investigation of the injection characteristics of neat dimethyl ether (DME) and the effect of DME fuel on the exhaust emission characteristics and engine performance of compression ignition engines. In order to analyze the injection characteristics of DME fuel as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines, experiments were conducted to obtain the injection rate profile. The effective nozzle diameter and its velocity, and the discharge coefficient of the nozzle were analyzed by applying a nozzle flow model that accounted for the effect of cavitation. In addition, combustion characteristics of DME and diesel fuel in terms of combustion pressure, rate of heat release, indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), and ignition delay at various injection timings were investigated on a constant energy input basis.When a constant pulse width was applied, the results of DME injection characterization showed that the actual injection duration of DME was longer than that of diesel fuel because the injection started faster and ended with more delay. The DME fueled engine showed slightly higher IMEP and NOx emission with drastically lower CO and HC emissions and the possible reasons for the higher IMEP of DME fuel was discussed. 相似文献
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Combustion performance test of a new fuel DME to adapt to a gas turbine for power generation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Recently, DME (dimethyl ether, CH3OCH3) has attracted a great deal of attention as an alternative fuel owing to its easy transportation and cleanliness. This study was conducted to verify the combustion performance and to identify potential problems when DME is fueled to a gas turbine. Combustion tests were conducted by comparing DME with methane, which is a major component of natural gas, in terms of combustion instability, NOx and CO emissions, and the outlet temperature of the combustion chamber. The results of the performance tests show that DME combustion is very clean but hard to control. The CO emission level of DME is lower than that of methane, while the NOx emission level of DME is as low as that of methane. When firing DME, the pressure fluctuation in the combustion chamber caused by combustion instability is lower than that occasioned when firing methane. From the results of the outlet temperature of combustor we have ascertained that DME combustion is more likely to flash back than methane combustion and this property should be considered when operating a gas turbine and retrofitting a burner. 相似文献
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DME (dimethyl ether, CH3OCH3) is both a good alternative fuel for transportation and power generation and an LPG substitute owing to its cleanliness, multi-source productivity and the ease with which it is transported. This study was conducted to verify whether DME is a good fuel for gas turbines and to identify potential problems in fuelling a commercial gas turbine with DME. In this study, the GE7EA gas turbine of the Pyong-tak power plant in Korea was selected as the target of DME application. Combustion performance tests were conducted by comparing DME with methane, which is a major component of natural gas. Most results of the combustion performance tests show that DME is very clean and efficient fuel for gas turbines. However, other results have shown that it is necessary to retrofit a fuel nozzle to the combustor in consideration of the combustion properties of DME in order to enhance the availability and reliability of DME fired gas turbines. 相似文献
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甲醇脱水制二甲醚工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍二甲醚的用途,根据甲醇脱水制二甲醚反应的特点,编制了一个规模为5000t/a两塔流程的甲醇气相催化脱水制二甲醚工艺。模拟后得到了一套数据,每吨二甲醚消耗甲醇的定额为1.414t。 相似文献
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二甲醚精馏塔实验研究与模拟计算 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
建立了用于二甲醚精制的精馏塔实验流程,实验测定了在操作工艺条件下的精馏结果。以平衡级理论为依据建立二甲醚精馏过程的数学模型,根据研究体系在通常情况下沸点相差较大、液相非理想性的特点,建立序贯收敛的循环嵌套迭代计算方法对模型进行求解,模拟计算结果与实验数据结果吻合较好。对二甲醚精馏塔的模拟分析结果表明:塔顶要得到含量不小于99 %(mol)二甲醚产品,维持操作压力1 MPa、在精馏塔中部进料的情况下,进料量不超过22 mol·h-1为宜;回流比要根据进料液中二甲醚组分含量控制在一定范围内;进料液中二氧化碳含量高低对产品二甲醚纯度和收率影响显著,在进入精馏塔之前尽可能地将二氧化碳除去是必要的。 相似文献