Revamping of the catalytic cracking reactor block on the G-43-107M/1 unit. Second stage

Revamping of the catalytic cracking reactor block on the combined G-43-107M/1 unit with introduction of a set of new technological elements and equipment units that significantly increase the efficiency and reliability of operation of the unit and create conditions for its conversion to two-year operation between maintenances is described.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 1, pp. 25 – 28, January – February, 2005.     

Modernizing Cat Cracker Reactor Block Units on the G-43-107M/1

Modernization of cat cracker reactor block equipment in the G-43-107M/1 combined unit, which significantly increases the unit’s efficiency and reliability, is described.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 12 – 14, May – June, 2005.     

Dimethyl ether in a state of saturation. Calculation of thermodynamic properties

Equations are proposed for calculating the basic characteristics of dimethyl ether (DME) in a state of saturation: saturated vapor pressure; latent heat of combustion; specific volumes and heat capacities of the boiling liquid and saturated vapor. Their reliability is confirmed by independent experimental data and by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation in substituting the results of the calculation with these equations in it.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 1, pp. 51 – 53, January – February, 2005.     

Domestic Hydrotreating Units. Status and Modernization Methods

Data on use of domestic hydrotreating units are generalized. Ways of enhancing operation of the units to improve their technical and economic indexes are indicated. The results of operation of the L-24-6 unit at Angarsk Petrochemical Co. on AGKD-205A catalyst for manufacture of diesel fuel with a sulfur content of less than 0.05% are reported.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 15 – 17, May – June, 2005.     

A two-tower scheme for selective treatment of lube oil feedstock

The high efficiency of the two-tower scheme for treatment of I-20 and I-40 lube distillates with phenol and furfural and deasphalting product from mixed Baku waxy crude oils is demonstrated. In treatment with this scheme, it is possible to reduce consumption of furfural: by 2.4 times for I-20 lube oil distillate and by 2 times for I-40 lube oil and deasphalting product. A small increase in the yield of raffinates and dewaxed lube oils is also observed. During dewaxing, the rate of filtration of a cooled solution of raffinates obtained with the two-tower scheme is 1.53–1.7 times higher than for the one-tower scheme. For this reason, the number of vacuum filters in the unit can be decreased.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 1, pp. 22 – 24, January – February, 2005.     

Interrelation of hydrogenation catalyst quality and the materials of construction in catalyst manufacturing equipment

Translated fromKhimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 2, pp. 37–38, March–April, 1946.     

Steaming the catalyst in catalytic cracking apparatuses

Summary It is shown that for the effective removal of adsorbed hydrocarbons from the catalyst and for a significant decrease in the heat evolution in the regenerator, it is necessary to increase the steaming temperature to 510–540°C.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 20–21, March, 1967.     

Crude oil from the Chirag field

The crude oil from a promising new offshore field in Azerbaidzhan — Chirag — is light, low-sulfur, low-resin, and waxy. Its naphtha cuts are characterized by low octane numbers. They can be used as components of automotive gasolines. Brand KO-20 lamp kerosene can be obtained from light kerosene cuts. Catalytic dewaxing must be conducted on the 150–280°C cut to manufacture jet fuel. The diesel cuts are favorable feedstock for manufacturing summer diesel fuel. The potential content of base oils with a viscosity index of 75–89 is 24.64 wt. % in crude oil.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 6, pp. 35–38, November–December, 2004.     

Expanding Feedstock Resources for Manufacture of Vaseline

An alternative to petrolatum in feedstock for manufacture of medicinal Vaseline from Azerbaidzhan crudes was sought. The feedstock, adsorbent, and processing conditions selected increase the yield of Vaseline from 35–40 to 70–75% while reducing formation of difficult to use wastes.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 18 – 19, May – June, 2005.     

Calculation of Fuel Viscosity in the Linear Programming Model

Use of the standard tools in the modeling system with conversion of the viscosity values at the measurement temperature to the values at 50°C is recommended for representing the viscosity of middle-distillate and residual fuels in the linear programming model.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 4, pp. 51 – 52, July – August, 2005.     

Optimization of the composition of oil and gas condensate mixtures for primary refining

A simple method of calculating the optimum composition of oil and gas condensate feedstock with the easily determined physicochemical properties of its components and standardized performance properties of petroleum products is examined.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 1, pp. 37 – 39, January – February, 2005.     

Efficiency of the Stage of Liquid-Phase Thermal Destruction of Petroleum Residues

Optimization of cracking process parameters, which determine the efficiency of the reaction volume, is the most important problem in creating industrial stages of thermal destruction of “native” petroleum residues – atmospheric and vacuum resids. A simplified approach to design of the reaction apparatus for refining such residues will result in large differences in these parameters during use and is due to insufficient information on the colloidal state of the feedstock mixture, kinetic characteristics of its conversion, and hydrodynamics of the material streams in the reaction volume.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 24 – 26, May – June, 2005.     

Evaluating the Efficacy of Corrosion Inhibitors in Automotive Gasolines

A method for assessing the corrosion properties of automotive gasolines containing oxygenates and the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors for these fuels similar to the method in ASTM D 665 is examined. Data on its use are reported.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 4, pp. 49 – 50, July – August, 2005.     

Kinetics of alkylation of benzene with propylene in the presence of dimethyldichlorosilane

The kinetics of alkylation of benzene with propylene in the presence of dimethyldichlorosilane at 130, 150, and 170°C and 1.2–1.8 MPa was investigated. Kinetic equations were derived for a three-stage scheme of this process and its kinetic parameters were calculated. The promoting effect of water on the catalyst at a content in the reaction mixture of under 0.4 mole % was established. Transalkylation of benzene with di- and triisopropylbenzenes was investigated.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 6, pp. 39–42, November– December, 2004     

New Technologies in Solving the Environmental Problems of the Oil and Gas Complex

The latest domestic and foreign environmental protection technologies, including those developed at the I. M. Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, recommended for introduction by the National Center for Environmental Management and Clean Production for the Oil and Gas Industry are reviewed.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 2, pp. 8 – 12, March – April, 2005.     

Alkylation of Benzene with Propylene in the Presence of Organometallic Siloxane

The characteristics of alkylation of benzene by propylene in the presence of 1-chloro-3,3,5,5-tetramethylcycloaluminodisiloxane soluble in liquid benzene at 110 and 130°C and benzene: propylene ratios of 3:1 and 5:1 (molar) were investigated. The high activity of the investigated catalyst is demonstrated.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 3, pp. 39 –41, May – June, 2005.     

A Composite Additive for “Heavy” Gas-Condensate Diesel Fuel

A composite additive that decreases the cloud and solid points of GShZ gas-condensate diesel fuel, stable condensate “heavy” bottoms, to the values required by GOST 305–82 for grade “3– 45” petroleum diesel fuel, was developed from domestic feedstock. This significantly improves the performance properties of gas-condensate diesel fuel.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 4, pp. 26 – 28, July – August, 2005.     

Hydroconversion of lube fractions

Yaroslavnefteorgsintez, a joint stock company. Translated fromKhimiya i Teknologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 2, pp. 26–28, May–June, 1996.     

Modernizing the Burners in the Thermal Stage of the Klaus Process

Operation of the burners in the thermal stage of the Klaus process and ways of increasing the efficiency were analyzed. The evolution of the burner in accordance with the basic principles of rational burning of gas was demonstrated. Selection of the optimum version of modernization was substantiated. The results of industrial tests and introduction of the improved burner at Astrakhan GPP are reported.__________Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 4, pp. 23 – 24, July – August, 2005.     

Organochlorosilanes as catalysts of alkylation of benzene by propylene

The orders of the catalytic activity of methyl- and ethylchlorosilanes in alkylation of benzene by propylene in an autoclave are established.Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 1, pp. 44 – 46, January – February, 2005.