控压钻井气侵早期控制技术探析

本文主要讨论控压钻井(MPD)技术中应用比较广泛的井底恒压法钻井(CBHP)技术,该钻井系统带有环空闭环装置和节流装置,通过节流系统施加回压来提高井底压力。在起钻、接单根时可以调节回压补偿循环摩阻损失,能有效防止气侵;在钻井过程中允许循环微至中量的侵入气体而无需关井,减少了非生产时间。     

气控式外循环管型外取热器在重油催化裂化装置上的应用

笔者讨论了洛阳石化工程公司设计的小型同轴催化裂化装置Φ８００气控式外循环管型外取热器在盐城市石油液化气厂重油催化裂化装置上的工业试验，结果表明该型式外取热器有着广泛的工业应用前景。     

化工机械高压容器筒体的制造研究

目前,受到工业的发展影响与推动,我国的机械设备制造领域也实现了进一步的发展与进步,而高压容器作为其中一种非常关键的设备,无论是在化工还是在炼油等多个领域当中,都已经得到了非常广泛推广与应用,其种类较多,如甲醇合成塔、聚乙烯反应器等,在实践中,其操作压力高达10MPa以上,通常是大而壁厚的重型设备,对制造质量要求较高。因此,就针对化工机械高压容器筒体的制造研究进行简单分析,以供参考。     

天然气高压管道不停输带气封堵技术的应用

结合近年来国内城市高压天然气管道迁改的建设实践,介绍了高压天然气管道迁改完成后不停输带气封堵实施新旧管道接驳的施工技术,对今后城市高压天然气管道迁改完成后采用不停输带气封堵方式实施新旧管道接驳具有一定的指导借鉴意义。     

化工机械高压容器筒体的制造研究

近年来,我国工业化水平得到了极大提升,各种各样的化工机械设备被研发出来,在一定程度上促进了化工行业的发展,特别是高压容器更是化工生产中的重要组成部分,能够有效提高生产效率.通过不断研究和探索,也形成了一套切实有效的高压容器筒体制造技术,本文就针对高压容器筒体制造技术进行探讨和分析.     

整体多层包扎式高压容器筒体与球形封头连接区应力状态有限元分析

建立了整体多层包扎式高压容器多层筒体与球形封头连接区有限元接触分析模型,得到了端部阶梯式连接结构的应力分布状况,并与相同尺寸非多层结构的应力分布进行了比较。结果表明,两种结构内外壁应力变化趋势相似,在连接区出现明显的应力集中,连接处轴向应力上升趋势大于周向应力,达到最大应力值后迅速衰减。     

GLQ-L1.7×0.6立式气控硫化罐结构设计

介绍一种新开发的立式气控开门硫化罐。     

化工机械高压容器筒体的制造

为了构成所需壁厚,出现了各种高压容器的制造方法和结构形式。总的来讲,分为单层和多层两大类。每一类又有多种制造方法和结构形式。由于高压容器的封头制造前面已经涉及,本文将重点介绍高压容器筒体的制造问题。当前高压容器的筒体制造方法和结构形式中,以单层卷焊、多层包扎、热套式、绕板式、绕带式等最为常见。     

三偏心蝶阀扭矩计算及气控回路设计

为满足日益严苛的工况要求,蝶阀自问世以来,不断进行自我完善和优化,适应了不同工作环境,满足不同工作要求。衡量三偏心蝶阀质量好坏的标准是阀门的使用性能及使用寿命,经分析后发现,影响寿命的一个关键因素为阀门扭矩。为此,三偏心蝶阀的扭矩计算方法及扭矩控制,对提高阀门的使用寿命至关重要。同时,好的控制回路可以让流体控制更加简单、可靠、智能。     

A COMPREHENSIVE MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR A MULTIZONE TUBULAR HIGH PRESSURE LDPE REACTOR

In this study a comprehensive mathematical model of high pressure tubular ethylene polymerization reactors is presented. A fairly general reaction mechanism is employed to describe the complex kinetics of ethylene polymerization. To determine the variation of molecular properties along the reactor length the method of moments is applied to the infinite set of species balance equations to transform it into a low order system of differential equations in terms of the leading moments of the number chain length distribution. Detailed algebraic equations are given describing the variation of kinetic rate constants, thermodynamic and transport properties of the reaction mixture with temperature, pressure and composition. A new correlation is derived to describe the change of reaction viscosity with reactor operating conditions. The model permits a realistic calculation of temperature and pressure profiles, monomer and initiator concentrations, molecular properties of LDPE (i.e. M_n, M_m, LCB and SCB) as well as the variation of inside film heat transfer coefficient with respect to the reactor length. Simulation results are presented illustrating the effects of initiator concentration, inlet pressure, chain transfer concentration and wall fouling on the polymer quality and reactor operation. The present model predictions are in good agreement with experimental observations in industrial high pressure tubular LDPE reactors.     

高温高压高产含硫气井测试工程设计

根据高温高压高产含硫气井的特点,从多方面分析和讨论了此类气井测试工程设计的主要内容以及其中应注意的问题,进而提出了测试工程设计软件的基本框架和软件实现的技术路线。     

HIGH PRESSURE DENSITIES OF MIXTURES OF COAL CHEMICALS

Densities of seven coal chemicals (benzene, toluene, letralin, quinoline, m-cresol, bicyctohexyl and 1-methylnapthalene) and their binary mixtures at temperatures between 298 K and 338 K and pressures between 0.1 MPa and 34.5 MPa were measured using a high-pressure vibrating tube densitometer and are reported in this paper. The pure component densities were correlated using a modified Tail equation. The pure components were then used as reference fluids in a corresponding stales method for the prediction of the densities of the mixtures. @KEYWORDS High pressure Densities Mixtures Coal chemicals.     

EFFECT OF HIGH PRESSURE ON A CO-CULTURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF METHANE FROM COAL SYNTHESIS GAS

It has been demonstrated that coal synthesis gas may be converted to methane by anaerobic bacteria. One possible pathway involves the formation of acetate from carbon monoxide by bacteria such as P. productus. Acetate can be reacted to methane by methanogens, such as Methanothrix sp. Whenever a gas needs to react in a liquid phase, reaction rates are severely limited by mass transfer of the gaseous substrates into the liquid medium. Operation at high pressure increases the gas transport and solubility and, thus, the reaction rates. However, high concentrations of dissolved carbon monoxide are known to effects of high pressure on the performance of co-cultures capable of converting synthesis gas into methane.     

高压氮气管线爆炸原因分析

介绍高压氮气管线置换流程及单向阀的结构,分析煤化工气化炉高压氮气置换管线爆炸发生的原因．利用微区域能谱扫描电镜分析了爆破部件表面的残留物,分析认为是管道中不同介质发生过强烈摩擦．发生尖端放电导致管线“闪爆”,采取了有针对性的整改和预防措施。     

AN APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF LIQUIDS UNDER HIGH PRESSURE

We have reported a method for measuring the thermal conductivity of liguids un-der high pressure previously [1,2].Such data are necessary for improving thetechnologies such like processing as acidity,pressure cracking,thermal exploitation ofpetroleum,etc. An apparatus has thus been constructed,as shown schematically in Fig.1,tomeasure the thermal conductivity of liquids under pressure up to 25 MPa and temperatureranging from 150 to 250℃.The thermal conductivity cell is cylindrical in from,35mmin length and 25mm in inner diameter.The sample is poured into the cell through the     

方型状态方程在高压相平衡中的研究及应用

对近年来状态方程的研究及其在高压相平衡计算中的应用状况作了综述分析。以ＰＲＳＶ方程为基础，通过实际计算考察和评价不同混合规则在复杂体高压汽液平衡、超临界流体／固体体系相平衡计算中的性能     

低、高压滴流床中压降和持液量计算的统一关系式

基于对滴流床中气液两相流动特征尺度的分析,提出以修正的相摩擦系数对相Reynolds数进行关联,获取低、高压滴流床中压降和持液量计算的统一关联式的方法.对于滴流床中单相不饱和流（液体流动,气体静止）情形,以及低压和高压滴流床中两相流、高气液作用情形,收集了文献报道的不同大小颗粒、不同物系的大量实验数据,以相摩擦系数对相Reynolds数进行关联,得到新的压降和持液量计算式,其物理意义明确,计算精度得以提高.     

套管式高压氨加热器内管泄漏原因分析及技术改进

分析高压氨加热器内管泄漏的原因,采用将氨加热器更换为TPC型电加热器的技术改造措施,彻底解决了内管泄漏问题,保证了三聚氰胺装置稳定运行。     

大化肥高硫水煤浆制氨中变串低变操作压力高限的探讨

以ＣＯ变换的物热衡算、变换各段出口平衡温距和ＣＯ平衡浓度的计算结果以及各有关的影响因素为依据，分析和论证大化肥高硫水煤浆制氨中变串低变操作压力的高限。