六偏磷酸钠对菱锰矿与方解石浮选分离的影响

通过溶液化学计算、SEM-EDAX分析、ζ电位测试并结合浮选实验,以Na2CO3和六偏磷酸钠为调整剂,研究Ca2+存在体系中菱锰矿和方解石的浮选分离。结果表明:六偏磷酸钠对菱锰矿与方解石单矿物的浮选具有良好的选择性抑制作用,但在二者混合矿的浮选分离中,方解石溶出的Ca2+在调浆过程中可与Na2CO3反应生成CaCO3吸附在菱锰矿表面,使二者表面性质趋同,难以实现浮选分离;改变药剂添加方式,优先加入六偏磷酸钠络合溶液中的Ca2+,阻止其在菱锰矿表面吸附,避免菱锰矿表面性质改变,再加入Na2CO3调节矿浆pH,最终实现菱锰矿与方解石的浮选分离。     

十二胺浮选分离菱锰矿与方解石及其机理

研究十二胺浮选分离菱锰矿与方解石的行为,考察调整剂水玻璃、六偏磷酸钠和柠檬酸对菱锰矿和方解石浮选的影响。单矿物浮选结果表明:pH为7~8时,菱锰矿与方解石可浮性存在差异。人工混合矿浮选结果表明,菱锰矿与方解石可浮性相当,难以分离。红外分析结果显示,十二胺以物理吸附方式存在于菱锰矿与方解石表面。矿物晶格能、溶液化学计算和SEM-EDS表明,方解石的可浮性略大于菱锰矿的,混合矿中方解石表面向菱锰矿转化,导致两矿样表面性质相似而不可分离。     

六偏磷酸钠在硫化铜镍矿浮选中的分散机理

通过浮选实验、沉降实验、Zeta电位测试、红外光谱测试和显微镜下观测考察六偏磷酸钠在硫化铜镍矿浮选中的作用,研究六偏磷酸钠的分散作用机理。人工混合矿实验结果表明:镍黄铁矿易与蛇纹石发生异相凝聚,降低镍黄铁矿的浮选回收率;六偏磷酸钠能提高人工混合矿的分散性,实现镍黄铁矿与蛇纹石的浮选分离。硫化铜镍矿实际矿石浮选结果表明:六偏磷酸钠能较好地分散矿浆,当原矿镍品位为0.33%时,通过两次粗选就能得到合格的镍精矿产品,镍总回收率为80.27%。作用机理研究表明:六偏磷酸钠通过化学吸附以及溶出蛇纹石表面的镁离子两种方式调整蛇纹石的表面电性,进而分散镍黄铁矿与蛇纹石。     

一种用于白钨矿与方解石浮选分离的新型抑制剂

通过浮选试验、动电位测试、接触角测量和红外光谱分析研究一种新型环保抑制剂聚天冬氨酸(PASP)对白钨矿和方解石的抑制作用.结果表明,与传统抑制剂酸化水玻璃相比较,PA S P具有更强的抑制能力和选择性.当pH?6时,采用6 mg/L PASP和20 mg/L NaOL可以实现白钨矿和方解石的浮选分离.当PASP存在时,...     

六偏磷酸钠在蛇纹石与黄铁矿分离中的作用

通过浮选试验、沉降试验、表面溶解、ζ电位测试、吸附量测试和红外光谱测试研究六偏磷酸钠在蛇纹石与黄铁矿分离中的作用与机理。结果表明,六偏磷酸钠可以显著减弱蛇纹石对黄铁矿浮选的不利影响,它能在碱性条件下使蛇纹石与黄铁矿分散,从而提高黄药在黄铁矿表面的吸附量。六偏磷酸钠的作用是通过溶出蛇纹石表面的镁,并在其表面吸附,降低蛇纹石表面等电点pH,增强负电性。DLVO理论计算表明,六偏磷酸钠能使蛇纹石与黄铁矿间的总相互作用能由引力位能转变为斥力位能。     

DTPMP在萤石和方解石浮选分离中的应用及机理

萤石(CaF₂)是一种关键战略性矿产资源,在自然界中常与同为含钙矿物的方解石(CaCO₃)共生。泡沫浮选是分离这两种含钙矿物最主要的方法,但萤石和方解石表面的钙活性位点相似,导致其选择性分离一直是世界性难题。萤石浮选中常用水玻璃抑制方解石,实现萤石正浮选富集。然而,水玻璃选择性低且用量大,导致部分萤石被抑制无法回收,且因其分散性好会造成尾矿难以沉降、尾水难以处理等问题。本文提出了抑制萤石浮选方解石的反浮选思路,并开发了一种绿色萤石抑制剂—二乙烯三胺五甲叉膦酸(DTPMP)。单矿物、二元混合矿及实际矿浮选试验表明,在中性pH下,以油酸钠(NaOL)作捕收剂、低用量的DTPMP作抑制剂,可实现萤石的反浮选分离。药剂吸附量检测和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)表明,DTPMP在萤石表面的吸附量更多、吸附强度更大。密度泛函理论(DFT)计算结果表明,DTPMP更容易在萤石表面吸附,且DTPMP膦酸基团中的H原子与萤石表面的F原子生成的氢键作用较强。因此,DTPMP作为一种绿色高效的抑制剂,在萤石浮选领域具有较好的工业应用前景。     

组合羟肟酸下方解石和萤石中浮选氟碳铈矿的分离机理

苯甲羟肟酸(BHA)和辛基羟肟酸(OHA)以及二者组合羟肟酸(BHA+OHA)下,对氟碳铈矿、方解石、萤石三种矿物进行了浮选研究。通过红外光谱分析、总有机碳和紫外光谱吸附量测试和XPS分析研究了羟肟酸类在矿物表面的作用机理。结果表明：在pH=9.5、组合捕收剂(n(BHA)∶n(OHA)=2∶1)浓度为3×10^-4 mol/L和盐化水玻璃3×10^-3 mol/L条件下,氟碳铈矿、方解石和萤石的回收率分别为89.8%、18.5%和13.7%,人工混合矿REO品位由28.90%提升至55.41%,氟碳铈矿的回收率为80.41%,与方解石和萤石实现较好分离;组合捕收剂(BHA+OHA)在三种矿物表面发生共吸附,且组合捕收剂中每种药剂的吸附率大于相同浓度的单一药剂;盐化水玻璃阻碍捕收剂在方解石、萤石表面的吸附对捕收剂在氟碳铈矿表面吸附无影响,可以达到抑制方解石和萤石的目的,实现氟碳铈矿的选择性浮选。     

六偏磷酸钠对镁合金金属型涂料性能的影响

为提高镁合金金属型涂料的品质,对镁砂粉为骨料的金属型涂料进行了研究,探讨了作为粘结剂的六偏磷酸钠加入量对涂料性能的影响。结果表明,六偏磷酸钠是一种很好的涂料粘结剂。适当的六偏磷酸钠加入量可增加涂料的强度,有效地提高涂料的粘度,改善涂料的滴淌性,使涂料具有一定的屈服值,具有触变性。试验确定在镁砂粉为骨料的镁合金金属型涂料中,六偏磷酸钠的最佳加入量为骨料质量的6%。     

油酸钠体系下HEDP对磷灰石与方解石浮选分离的影响

研究捕收剂油酸钠体系下HEDP(羟基乙叉二膦酸)抑制剂分离磷灰石与方解石的可行性,单矿物浮选试验表明,油酸钠对磷灰石和方解石均有较好的捕收性能,当pH值为9时,HEDP抑制剂能显著抑制方解石的浮选,而对磷灰石的抑制性能较小.人工混合矿浮选试验表明,HEDP抑制剂较好地实现了磷灰石与方解石的分选分离.Zeta电位测试结果...     

方解石和六偏磷酸钠对白钨矿浮选的协同抑制作用及机理

通过浮选试验、离子浓度测定、动电位测定和理论计算等方法研究了方解石和六偏磷酸钠对白钨矿浮选的影响。结果表明:六偏磷酸钠与方解石存在协同作用,可强化六偏磷酸钠对白钨矿的抑制作用;方解石主要通过钙离子强化六偏磷酸钠对白钨矿的抑制作用,碳酸根离子不影响六偏磷酸钠的抑制性能,过量碳酸根离子的存在反而能够减弱方解石和六偏磷酸钠对白钨矿的协同抑制作用。机理研究表明,方解石表面的钙离子在六偏磷酸钠的作用下可解吸至溶液中,增加溶液中的钙离子浓度,使六偏磷酸钠对白钨矿浮选的抑制作用增强。     

Effect of serpentine and sodium hexametaphosphate on ascharite flotation

Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) was used to minimize the adverse effect of serpentine for improving ascharite recovery. The effects of particle size and content of SHMP, and serpentine on ascharite flotation process were investigated through flotation, zeta potential tests, FT-IR analysis, XPS analysis and DLVO theory. Particles interaction and mechanism of SHMP were also discussed. It was found that aggregation between serpentine and ascharite particles easily happened, and the particle size of serpentine had a profound impact on the ascharite recovery. In particular, the fine serpentine with size less than 38 μm had the greatest contribution to the deterioration of ascharite flotation performance. After SHMP treatment, the adverse effect of serpentine was significantly reduced. The mechanism of SHMP showed that it could alter the surface charges of serpentine and ascharite to prevent severe interparticle aggregation, which resulted in a well-dispersed pulp and benefited ascharite flotation process. The adsorption of SHMP on serpentine was due to hydrogen bonding and chemical adsorption, resulting in the formation of complex on serpentine surface to decrease its floatability.     

Effects of sodium carbonate and calcium chloride on calcite depression in cationic flotation of pyrolusite

In the cationic flotation of pyrolusite using dodecyl ammine (DDA), the depressive effect of sodium carbonate and calcium chloride on the calcite mineral was investigated systematically through flotation experiments, FTIR analysis, contact angle measurements and zeta potential tests. The microflotation experiments showed that both depressant agents decrease the flotation recovery of calcite significantly. In addition, sodium carbonate acts as activator agent for pyrolusite, and increases its floatability. The flotation experiments and contact angle measurements indicated that the selective depression effect of sodium carbonate on the calcite mineral is more than that of calcium chloride. As evidenced by zeta potential and FT-IR analysis, sodium carbonate decreases the negative charges on the surface of calcite mineral and subsequently reduces the adsorption of DDA collector through electrostatic forces. At a pH of 7.5, using 2000 g/t DDA and 1500 g/t sodium carbonate, a pyrolusite concentrate containing almost 40% MnO with 71.5% recovery is achieved by carrying out the ore flotation experiments on the tabling pre-concentrate.     

Selective flotation of smithsonite,quartz and calcite using alkyl diamine ether as collector

The flotation separation of smithsonite from calcite and quartz using a alkyl diamine ether (GE-609) as the collector was investigated through micro-flotation experiments and the real ore flotation experiments. The results show that GE-609 exhibits good collecting capability to three minerals without selectivity. The presence of sodium sulfide enhances the flotation of smithsonite and calcite while inhibits quartz. Moreover, both sodium silicate and sodium hexametaphosphate exhibit good selective inhibition to calcite. The real ore test results show that a zinc concentrate containing 23.51% Zn with the recovery of 71.02% is obtained in the closed-circuit test. To understand the adsorption of GE-609 on smithsonite surface, zeta potential measurement and FTIR analysis were carried out, and the results indicate that the collector GE-609 can adsorb on smithsonite surface through both electrostatic adsorption and chemical adsorption, and the presence of sodium sulfide enhances the adsorption of GE-609.     

Electrochemical mechanism and flotation of chalcopyrite and galena in the presence of sodium silicate and sodium sulfite

The electrochemical mechanism involved in the selective separation of chalcopyrite from galena was investigated by flotation and electrochemical methods in the presence of sodium sulfite and sodium silicate, respectively, as a single depressant and their mixture as a combined depressant. Flotation tests revealed that the floatability of chalcopyrite was unaffected by depressants and its recovery remained constant (>80%) within the studied dosage range. Galena flotation was severely depressed with descending depressing order as follows: combined depressant > sodium silicate > sodium sulfite. Electrochemical analysis confirmed the high affinity of depressants on the galena surface, resulting in the formation of hydrophilic species, such as lead sulfite, lead sulfate, and lead orthosilicate. The oxidation of chalcopyrite sutrface and depressants did not exhibit any signals; conversely, the self-oxidation of chalcopyrite was depressed. The results of cyclic voltammograms well agreed with flotation results, demonstrating that chalcopyrite primarily reacted with the collector O-isopropyl-N-ethyl thionocarbamate and that galena mostly reacted with depressants.     

Adsorption of octanohydroxamic acid at fluorite surface in presence of calcite species

The surface properties of fluorite are often affected by dissolved gangue species (e.g., calcite) during the flotation process. Microflotation testing with and without the addition of calcite supernatant was conducted using octanohydroxamic acid (OHA) as the collector. The results revealed that dissolved calcite species significantly affected the flotation behavior of fluorite. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that the decrease in flotation recovery was linked to lower OHA adsorption. Solution chemistry analysis indicated that CaCO₃ and Ca²⁺ from the calcite supernatant were the most favorably adsorbed species, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis confirmed the surface adsorption of calcite species. Density functional theory simulations provided a detailed analysis of the multidentate adsorption configuration of OHA, which was the most favorable for adsorption on the fluorite surface. The adsorption energy calculation showed that the calcite dissolved species were more stably adsorbed on the fluorite surface than OHA. The pre-adsorption of calcite dissolved species hindered the adsorption of OHA due to electrostatic repulsion.     

氯化钠对铝硅矿物浮选的影响及其作用机理

采用季铵盐DTAL作捕收剂,研究了氯化钠对一水硬铝石和叶蜡石浮选的影响及其作用机理.随着氯化钠浓度的增加,叶蜡石的浮选回收率显著提高,而一水硬铝石的可浮性受其影响很小.机理研究表明:氯化钠对一水硬铝石的zeta-电位没有影响,而能显著降低叶蜡石的zeta-电位,增强捕收剂与叶腊石的静电作用,促进捕收剂的吸附而活化其浮选;叶蜡石表面电位的降低是因为氯离子对叶蜡石存在选择性吸附作用并对其结构进行插层,使得叶蜡石的层间距从0.93 nm增大至1.40 nm.溶液化学计算表明:氯化钠改变溶液的离子强度,显著降低了季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度,使得吸附了捕收剂的矿物表面更容易疏水上浮.