高体分SiC颗粒增强镁基复合材料的显微组织与力学性能EI北大核心

预先对SiC颗粒增强体进行表面氧化处理,然后采用压铸浸渗法制备了体积分数为51.5%的SiCp/Mg-6Al-0.5Mn复合材料。通过压缩性能测试、扫描电镜、透射电镜等方法,研究了复合材料的显微与力学性能。结果表明,在基体Mg-6Al-0.5Mn合金掺入51.5%体积分数的SiC颗粒预制块后,复合材料的组织致密,分布均匀,其断裂方式包括界面脱开、基体韧断和增强体开裂。SiC颗粒与基体之间发生了界面反应,生成了纳米级的Mg2Si化合物。同时,适度的预氧化可以提高基体与颗粒之间的界面结合强度,从而使复合材料抗拉强度得到提高。     

基体和增强体粒度对铁基复合材料性能影响的研究

利用电流直加热动态热压烧结工艺探讨了铁粉粒度和增强体粒度对铁基复合材料性能影响的规律。研究表明,纯铁粉烧结材料的力学性能随铁粉粒度的增大呈明显的下降趋势,而SiCp/Fe复合材料恰恰相反,其性能随铁粉粒度的增大而显著提高,随SiC增强体粒度的增大而先提高后下降,当粒度约为15μm时复合材料各性能相对较好。     

基体和增强体粒度对铁基复合材料性能影响的研究

利用电流直加热动态热压烧结工艺探讨了铁粉粒度和增强体粒度对铁基复合材料性能影响的规律。研究表明，纯铁粉烧结材料的力学性能随铁粉粒度的增大呈明显的下降趋势，而SiCp／Fe复合材料恰恰相反，其性能随铁粉粒度的增大而显著提高，随SiC增强体粒度的增大而先提高后下降，当粒度约为15μm时复合材料各性能相对较好。     

铁基复合材料碳化硅粒子混合尺寸增强作用机理

采用粉末冶金电流直加热动态热压烧结工艺,制备了混合尺寸粒子增强SiCp/Fe复合材料,研究了四种不同尺寸增强粒子的混合对铁基复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,合理地设计混合尺寸强化粒子利于提高铁基复合材料的力学性能,标称粒度为13μm与23μm的粒子组合,增强粒子体积含量10%时,小粒子与大粒子的最佳质量混合比为2∶1,而含量为20%时最佳为1:1。与13μm单尺寸颗粒增强SiCp/Fe复合材料相比,采用最佳比例混合尺寸粒子增强,10%SiCp/Fe复合材料的抗拉强度提高了9.7%,而与23μm单尺寸颗粒增强复合材料相比,其抗拉强度提高了38.3%。混合尺寸粒子优良的增强作用是由于提高了复合材料的相对密度,减少增强粒子间的直接接触,有利于载荷从基体向强化粒子传递。     

热压烧结制备SiC增强石墨复合材料及其性能

以天然鳞片石墨为起始原料,SiC颗粒为增强相,采用热压烧结工艺制备了SiC增强石墨复合材料。研究了SiC含量对SiC增强石墨复合材料微观结构、力学性能和摩擦性能的影响。结果表明:SiC颗粒均匀分布在石墨基体中,降低了基体中的孔隙率;随着SiC含量增加,SiC增强石墨复合材料的相对密度和弯曲强度相应增加,开孔率显著降低,当SiC含量达到40vol%时,SiC增强石墨复合材料中形成了SiC网络骨架结构,相对密度达到了94.2%,比商品高强纯石墨材料提高了11.8%,弯曲强度达到了146 MPa,比商品高强纯石墨材料提高了147%;基体石墨保持了层状结构;SiC含量低于40vol%时,SiC增强石墨复合材料的摩擦系数随SiC含量的增加轻微增加,与纯石墨材料的摩擦系数相当,具有良好的摩擦性能。     

包覆混料对镀铜混合尺寸SiCp/Fe力学性能的影响

为探索提高SiCp/Fe力学性能的途径,采用包覆混料工艺,研究了该工艺对镀铜SiCp/Fe力学性能的影响,以及该工艺下增强粒子混合尺寸的影响.结果表明:包覆混料相比于普通混料,可显著改善SiC粒子在基体中分散的均匀性,而镀铜的作用是显著消除界面缺陷;性能的改善是包覆混料改善粒子分散性和镀铜改善界面结合的综合结果.对于体积分数30%SiCp/Fe的抗拉强度,通过包覆改善均匀性的贡献可提高7.2%,通过镀铜消除界面缺陷的贡献可提高12.5%,因此减少界面缺陷对颗粒增强复合材料力学性能的提高更重要.混合尺寸粒子对力学性能的增强效果明显高于其对应单一尺寸,这是由于小尺寸粒子能有效地提高基体的强度,而大尺寸颗粒更有效地承担载荷传递的作用.     

SiC颗粒整形对高体分铝基复合材料力学性能的影响及有限元模拟

采用流化床气流磨法对平均粒径为65μm的国产磨料级碳化硅(SiC)颗粒进行整形,然后采用无压浸渗法制备高体分SiC_p/Al复合材料,研究颗粒整形对复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:经整形处理的SiC颗粒更趋近于球形,平均粒度降至52μm,堆积密度由1. 577 g/cm~3提升至1. 846 g/cm~3,复合材料中SiC颗粒体积分数从53. 27%提升至61. 09%,这是复合材料力学性能提升的主要原因。相应地,材料抗弯强度从376 MPa提升至431 MPa,弹性模量从196 GPa提升至219 GPa,材料抵抗微小变形的能力更强。有限元分析结果表明,整形态复合材料在受力过程中应力和应变分布更均匀,局部应力集中现象不显著。     

碳化硅颗粒化学镀镍对铁基复合材料性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

采用化学镀方法对SiC粒子表面镀镍,研究了镀镍对SiCp/Fe复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:镍盐量与还原剂量为1:3、温度为93-95℃时,镍盐可以近100%镀在SiC粒子表面,控制镍盐加入量可控制镀层的厚度.SiC表面镀镍的粒度为45μm、体积分数为10%的复合材料,其抗拉强度最大提高22.9%。SiC表面镀镍的SiC粒度为21μm、体积分数为15%时,复合材料的延伸率提高近30%.     

碳化硅颗粒增强7A04铝基复合材料的腐蚀行为

碳化硅颗粒增强7A04(SiCp/7A04)铝基复合材料的应用环境及其腐蚀状况都较复杂.过去,对它的研究方法多样,依据不同,因而其腐蚀结论有异,甚至矛盾.为了研究SiCp/Al复合材料的耐蚀性,用电化学法和失重法研究了SiC颗粒含量和粒度对SiCp/7A04铝基复合材料及基体合金耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,与基体合金相比,SiCp/7A04铝基复合材料耐蚀性下降,SiC含量高的复合材料腐蚀较快,SiC颗粒尺寸越大,复合材料耐蚀性越好;采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察腐蚀后的微观形貌表明,SiC颗粒破坏了基体表面氧化膜的完整性,促进了点蚀的形成,但其自身的稳定性又阻碍了蚀孔的长大.     

化学气相浸渗2DCf/(SiC-C)复合材料的微观结构与强韧性

采用等温等压化学气相浸渗法(ICVI)制备了二维碳纤维增韧碳化硅碳二元基复合材料(2D Cf/(SiC-C)).利用扫描电镜(SEM)和背散射电子成像(BSE)研究了其基体的微观结构,并与二维碳纤维增韧碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料(2D Cf/SiC)比较了室温力学性能和断口形貌.结果表明:2D Cf/(SiC-C)复合材料的基体是由SiC与热解碳(PyC)组成的多层结构,PyC基体层分布均匀而连续,且与SiC基体层结合紧密.纤维束内部PyC基体层较厚的2D Cf/(SiC-C)复合材料具有较高的强韧性,其拉伸强度、断裂应变、断裂韧性和断裂功分别比2D Cf/SiC复合材料的提高了3%、142%、22%和58%.SiC与PyC组成的多层基体使2D Cf/(SiC-C)复合材料的纤维在拔出过程中发生了两次集中拔出,且第一次集中拔出的纤维对复合材料的强韧性起主要作用.     

Numerical and experimental studies on nozzle two-phase flow characteristics of nanometer-scale iron powder metal fuel motor

Metal iron powder is a promising new type of energy source that is of enormous practical and research interest for future automotive power systems. To better optimize engine design, this study was devoted to the characteristic investigation of a two-phase flow. Experimental studies involving nanometer iron powder particle combustion and engine thrust measurement were conducted to confirm the results obtained from numerical calculations that were performed using a fourth-order Runge–Kutta–Gill method. Governing equations for nozzle two-phase flow were established to perform a theoretical study to analyze the combustion properties of iron oxide particles and flow in the nozzle. The results indicate that variations in the size and coagulation content of particles play a significant role in the loss of two-phase flow. Significant emphasis was placed on the effect of particle size (0.4–1.0?μm) and condensate content (10–40%) of ultrafine particles on the specific impulse. To further validate the theoretical results, the burning rates of particles of three different sizes were experimentally measured. In addition, the motor thrust and the specific impulse with the particle size of 50?nm were tested through combustion experiment, and the results show excellent agreement.     

The effect of particle size of iron powder on α to γ transformation in the nanostructured high nitrogen Fe-Cr-Mn-Mo stainless steel produced by mechanical alloying

In this study, the effect of particle size of iron powder on α to γ transformation in the nanostructured high nitrogen Fe-18Cr-10Mn-4Mo stainless steel, produced by mechanical alloying (MA) was investigated. For this purpose iron powders with two different particle sizes were used. MA was performed under nitrogen atmosphere, using a high-energy planetary ball mill. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and nitrogen analysis revealed that by decreasing the iron mean particle size, a higher transformation rate is obtained due to increase in the rate of nitrogen absorption. Moreover, nitrogen solubility in both milled samples was increased noticeably by increasing the milling time. This is believed to be due to the increase of lattice defects and development of nanostructure through MA. Variations of grain size and internal lattice strain versus milling time, for both iron particle sizes, showed that the critical ferrite grain size for austenite nucleation is less than 10 nm.     

Strengthening in deformation-processed Cu-20% Fe composites

Three Cu-20% Fe composites with different iron powder sizes were fabricated using powder metallurgy processes. The strengths of these composites after extensive deformation processing by rod swaging and wire drawing were shown to be anomalously higher than those predicted by rule of mixtures equations. However, the strengths obey a Hall-Petch type relationship with the iron filament spacings. The strengths of the Cu-20% Fe composites after equivalent deformation processing increased with decreasing initial iron powder size. Comparison of a Cu-20% Fe composite with a similar Cu-20% Nb composite showed that Cu-20% Fe was stronger after an identical degree of deformation processing. This increase in strength of a Cu-20% Fe composite over that of a Cu-20% Nb composite correlated with the greater shear modulus of iron compared to niobium using a barrier model for hardening.     

Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of nano-sized iron oxides

Nano-sized iron oxide powder with average crystallite sizes 35, 100 and 150 nm was prepared by thermal evaporation and co-precipitation techniques. The synthesized powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis technique, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The prepared powders were tested as catalysts for the photo catalytic decomposition of Congo red dye. The effect of crystal size of iron oxides on the rate of decomposition of Congo red dye was investigated in visible light as well as in the absence of light. The experimental results show that both iron oxides with crystallite size 35 and 150 nm cause complete decomposition of Congo red dye while iron oxide particles with crystallite size 100 nm were unable to decompose the dye.     

铁粉纯度和粒径对磷化铁粉软磁复合材料磁性能的影响

研究了铁粉纯度和粒径对磷化铁粉软磁复合材料磁性能的影响。结果表明,铁粉经磷化后,表面成功包覆了完整均匀的磷酸盐绝缘层。铁粉纯度提高,软磁复合材料磁芯的密度和磁导率增大,同时磁滞损耗降低。铁粉粒度增大,磁芯密度和磁导率增加,中高频率下磁损耗明显增加,且频率越高越明显。     

Continuous synthesis of controlled size carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles

Carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles were continuously and selectively synthesised in a thermal plasma jet from ethanol (carbon source) and Fe powders with different grain sizes. The grain size of the Fe powder influenced the size distribution of the as-produced carbon encapsulates. The products obtained from large Fe particles (50-78 μm) were comprised of small encapsulates with diameters between 5 and 10 nm. Larger carbon encapsulates with a broad diameter distribution (10-100 nm) were synthesised from the finest Fe particles (18 μm). It was also found that Fe particle size was the most crucial parameter for determining the encapsulation yield. The encapsulation yield was also influenced by the carbon to iron ratio and the thermal conductivity of the plasma gas.     

富氧条件下电弧喷涂反应合成纳米氧化铝粉末

为了探寻一种高产率制备纳米氧化铝粉末材料的方法,借助常规铝丝材的空气电弧喷涂工艺,通过在压缩空气中加入不同比例的氧气,进行了氧化铝粉末电弧喷涂反应合成的实验研究.针对压缩空气中加入不同比例氧气喷涂后所获得的喷涂粉末样品进行的X射线衍射、粉末粒度分布等分析结果表明,富氧条件下的铝丝电弧喷涂不仅可以高效制备粒径约60～70 nm的Al2O3粉末,而且随着氧气比例的提高可以显著提高纳米A12O3粉的产率,并进一步细化粉末的粒度.     

Effect of Fe2O3 crystallite size on its mechanochemical reaction with La2O3 to form LaFeO3

Fe₂O₃ powders with different crystallite sizes prepared by heating FeOOH at various temperatures were ground with La₂O₃ powder using a planetary ball mill to investigate the effect of crystallite size on mechanochemical synthesis of LaFeO₃. Fe₂O₃ powder with smaller crystallite size obtained by heating at lower temperature reacts more easily with La₂O₃ than that with larger size. The mechanochemical reaction proceeds with an increase in grinding time. Specific surface area of the LaFeO₃ powder synthesized has a large value of over 11 m²/g. The mechanochemical process can be also applied to synthesize other iron complex oxides with rare earth elements such as Pr, Nd and Sm.     

Fe/Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9纳米晶磁粉芯研究

采用Fe粉复合FeCuNbSiB纳米晶粉体制备了磁粉芯,并讨论了退火温度、Fe粉复合量、纳米晶粉体粒度以及绝缘剂等对磁粉芯磁性能的影响.结果表明,在200～350℃和350～400℃内退火,随着温度的升高,μ_e均呈先增大后减小,375℃时达到最佳;当复合Fe粉后,发现其软磁性能得到了明显改善, Fe粉量为40%时,μ_e达到最大,且在100kHz～1MHz内,频率稳定性良好,其中心频率在500kHz附近,并随Fe粉量的增加而向低频发生偏移.纳米晶粉体的粒度越大,磁粉芯的磁性能越好;粉体粒度为100～200目时,其μ_e达到最大.当375℃退火,由有机绝缘剂、40%(质量分数)Fe粉、100～200目纳米晶粉制备的磁粉芯,其μ_e达52.72、损耗Pu为0.01317J/m~3、Bs为3.92×10~(-3)T、Br=6.48×10~(-5)T、H_c为1.28A/m.     

多孔Ni-Mn-Ga-Co磁性形状记忆合金的制备及磁学特性研究

首先采用球磨法制备了不同粒度的Ni-Mn-Ga-Co合金粉末,然后通过3D打印技术成功制备了泡沫结构的多孔Ni-Mn-Ga-Co磁性形状记忆合金。利用SEM、DSC和XRD等研究了合金的微观组织特征、物相结构、相变特性和相关的磁性行为。结果表明,球磨后经过分筛得到的不同粒径尺寸的合金粉末均为不规则形状。Ni-Mn-Ga-Co合金粉末在室温下为非调制四方马氏体结构,其特征峰十分明显。Ni-Mn-Ga-Co合金的DSC曲线上出现宽峰相变,添加Co元素对马氏体转变温度开始值(Ms)基本没有影响,但其居里温度(Tc)有显著的提高。采用粒径为50~100μm的合金粉末烧结制备的磁性合金,饱和磁化强度最大可达68 Am^2/kg。合金粉末粒径越小,烧结制备的多孔Ni-Mn-Ga-Co磁性形状记忆合金致密度越高。当合金粉末粒径<50μm时,致密度可达90%;当合金粉末粒径为50~100μm时,致密度仅为75%。相较于粒径较小的合金粉末,粒径较大的合金粉末制备的磁性合金磁感生应变能力更高,这是由于泡沫结构能够有效减少内部和外部的约束,从而有利于提高磁场诱导应变。