美帝防空计算机图片及性能说明

应用 该系统用于导弹实时引导,系统模拟,数据处理及自动编码。 程序及数制 内部数制 二进制 每字位数 24 每条指令位数 24 每字指令条数 1 指令条数 35 运算系统 定点 指令形式 单地址 数范围 -1≤X<1在R存贮器中0≤X≤2~(14)(完全地址) 指令字的安排     

Volterra延迟积分方程单支θ-方法的数值稳定性

本文研究Volterra延迟积分方程单支θ-方法的数值稳定性,结果表明:当1／2≤θ≤1 时,单支θ-方法是全局稳定的,当1／2<θ≤1时,单支θ-方法是渐近稳定的．     

非线性中立型延迟积分微分方程线性θ-方法的渐近稳定性

将线性θ-方法用于求解R（α,β1,β2,γ）类非线性中立型延迟积分微分方程,结果表明A-稳定的线性θ-方法（也即1/2≤θ≤1）是渐近稳定的,最后的数值试验验证了所获理论结果的正确性.     

并行遗传算法的FPGA硬件实现研究

提出基于FPGA的并行遗传算法的硬件实现系统,从硬件实现角度提高遗传算法的收敛速度.硬件系统划分4个子系统,每个子系统同步而单独地运行一个群体大小为M的简单遗传算法,在简单遗传算法每代结束时,总控制器从4个子系统中选取1个最佳个体,然后复制到与其物理相邻的2个子系统中,实现子系统之间的信息交换.每个子系统采用5段流水线处理技术,即将子系统划分为解码操作、适应度计算、预选操作、随机地址比例选择操作以及交叉-变异操作5个单元.为了解决各段速度瓶颈,适应度计算采用4个具有加速模块的NiosⅡ处理器,预选操作采用M个取整电路,交叉-变异操作采用1个交叉部件和1个变异部件,解码操作采用2个解码部件的内部并行处理方式.用遗传算法标准测试函数Ⅱ测试该硬件系统,实验数据表明,由FPGA硬件实现的并行遗传算法同由软件实现的遗传算法相比,收敛速度大幅度提高,约2个数量级.     

1998年第16期擂台赛点评

负进制记数是一种类似正进制记数的记数方法,如5用-2进制可表示为101,5=1×(-2)~2+0×(-2)~1+1×(-2)~0。 请编一程序,读入两个整数w与b,其中w为需要转换进制的十进制数(-32000≤w≤32000),b为需要     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

响应面法与遗传算法优化解淀粉芽孢杆菌Q-426发酵的k_La

为了实现解淀粉芽孢杆菌Q-426发酵过程溶氧的优化控制,将响应面法与遗传算法结合,研究了搅拌速度x_1及通气速率x_2对分批发酵的体积溶氧传递系数k_La的影响。响应面分析表明:当搅拌速度680 r·min~(-1)及通气速率140 L·h~(-1)时,k_La有最大值。将二阶回归方程作为遗传算法优化的目标函数,经过51次迭代,获得了最优值,k_La最大值为:7.3801×10~(-5)s~(-1)(x_1=755.311 r·min~(-1),x_2=171.362 L·h~(-1))。     

基于上下文偏好的Web数据库查询结果Top-K排序方法

为了解决Web数据库多查询结果的问题,该文提出了一种基于上下文偏好的查询结果top-k排序方法,首先提出了一种带偏好程度的上下文偏好模型:i_1i_2,d|X,表示在上下文条件X下,项i_1与i_2相比,用户偏好项i_1的程度为d(0.5≤d≤1),带偏好程度的上下文偏好通过在查询历史中使用关联规则挖掘获得.基于上下文偏好,提出了一种查询结果top-k排序方法,给出了相应的元组排列创建、聚类和top-k排序算法.实验结果表明,提出的上下文偏好模型具有较强的偏好表达能力,top-k排序方法能够较好地满足用户需求和偏好并且具有较高的执行效率.     

基于贪心策略的遗传算法求解0-1背包问题

介绍了基于贪心思想的改进遗传算法,并用该算法解决0-1背包问题,试验数据证明该算法能有效求解0-1背包问题,而且比原遗传算法效率高.     

改进遗传算法准确估计cdma2000-1X 网络中的信号到达方位

针对cdma2000-1X网络中无线信号的特点和无源定位的需要,通过将N阶多项式平滑拟合及加权修正的思想融合到遗传算法中,提出了一种改进的遗传算法来消除NLOS误差和多径传播误差对载干比的影响。不仅避免了遗传算法"早熟"的发生,而且还可以根据实际情况灵活改变搜索精度,使算法搜索达到全局最优,从而实现精确估计信号到达方位的目的。经过场外试验和MATLAB仿真验证该算法可以达到比较好的效果。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.