Nitrogen ion implantation and in vitro corrosion behavior of as-cast Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy

In the present investigation, surface modification of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy with nitrogen ions is considered as a method to improve its performance with respect to corrosion. Nitrogen ion was implanted on Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy at an energy of 70 and 100 keV using a 150 keV accelerator at different doses between 1×10¹⁶ and 3×10¹⁷ ions/cm². Gracing incidence X-ray diffraction was employed on the implanted specimens to understand the phases formed with increasing doses. The implanted samples were subjected to electrochemical study in Ringer's solution in order to determine the optimum dose that can give good corrosion resistance in a simulated body fluid condition. The OCP of the implanted specimens were found to shift in the noble direction in comparison with unimplanted specimen. The passive current density and area of the repassivation loop were found to decrease as the dose values increased. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopic results indicate that the polarization resistance was higher for the dose of 2.5×10¹⁷ ions/cm² implanted at both energy of 70 and 100 keV. Nitrogen ion implantation enhanced the passivability and reduces the corrosion kinetics of the alloy surface with increasing tendency for repassivation. Nature of the surface and reason for the variation and improvement in corrosion resistance are discussed in detail.     

外科植入物用Ti-6Al-7Nb钛合金的研究

结合外科植入物用Ti-6Al-7Nb钛合金由大锭(1.5 t)到锻造大规格棒材的实际工业生产情况,测试了该合金铸锭的化学成分、典型的物理性能以及80 mm方熔检试棒的金相组织和力学性能,并研究了热处理退火工艺对其组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明化学成分、组织和力学性能均符合ASTM F1295-97和ISO5832-11标准;退火工艺温度不大于940℃时,都可以获得较理想的组织和性能.     

Ti-6Al-7Nb合金骨科内固定植入物的研制与应用

对钛及其合金在骨科内固定植入物方面的应用及发展过程进行了回顾;Ti-6Al-7Nb合金是近10年发展起来的被世界骨科界广为应用的更为先进的外科金属植入物材料,用无毒的元素Nb代替Ti-6Al-4V合金中的具有潜在毒性的V,目前我国采用这种材料,已成功研制出新型的全髋关节假体系统,并投入市场,应用于临床.     

外科植入物用TC20(Ti-6Al-7Nb)钛合金研究与应用

对TC20合金力学性能、生物学性能和临床应用进行了研究.合金棒材成分、组织与性能满足国际标准ISO5832要求;材料的生物学性能实验证明合金具有良好生物相容性,并能和骨组织形成良好的骨整合;近40例的临床应用表明疗效良好.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V/Ti-22Al-25Nb joint formed by diffusion bonding

Ti-6Al-4V (wt.%) and Ti-22Al-25Nb (at.%) were joined by diffusion bonding at 950 °C and 15 MPa for 100 min, and the microstructure and mechanical properties of the resulting joints were investigated. The composition of the diffusion layer is B2/discontinuous α/α₂ layer/necklace-shaped β+α′ layer, where the content of any element at a given point mainly depends on the distance of the point from the interface and the phase type at the point. The tensile strength of the joint is 894 MPa, which is almost the same as that of the Ti-22Al-25Nb base alloy. The fracture surfaces on both sides of the joint are composed of two main regions. One region displays a relatively flat surface and fractures along the bonding interface. The other is composed of a moderate number of irregularly-shaped cavities on the Ti-6Al-4V side and many irregularly-shaped bulges on the Ti-22Al-25Nb side. Both regions result from fracture along the boundaries between β+α′ layers and α_p grains or from the transcrystalline fracture of α_p grains.     

热处理温度对Ti-6Al-7Nb合金组织与性能的影响

为揭示Ti-6Al-7Nb合金显微组织、力学性能及相组成随热处理温度的变化规律,研究了合金在650～1 030℃热处理空冷条件下的组织演变,并进行了室温力学性能测试与XRD分析。结果表明:对于Ti-6Al-7Nb合金,经650℃热处理后,热加工得到的原β转变组织中析出了细小的α相,合金的强度和弹性模量有所提高。在700～850℃之间进行热处理,可以获得良好的综合性能,满足医用钛合金相关标准要求。在950～1 030℃范围内,随着热处理温度的升高,析出二次针状α相或生成α''马氏体相,呈现强度上升、塑性下降的趋势。经650、850℃热处理后,XRD图谱中均为α相的衍射峰,未出现β相的衍射峰。1 030℃热处理后,α''相具有较强的(002)、(101)衍射峰,其他晶面的衍射峰强度很弱,合金弹性模量可达108 GPa。     

Ti-6Al-7Nb钛合金热加工与热处理工艺研究

研究了Ti-6Al-7Nb合金不同热加工与热处理工艺引起的显微组织和力学性能变化，探讨该合金组织变化的特点和性能变化的内在规律。结果表明，在工业化生产条件下，Nb元素添加采用铌钛中间合金，选用适宜的铸锭熔炼工艺参数，可以获得成分均匀、无富Nb偏析的优质铸锭。在两相区锻造或轧制后坯料在700℃～800℃范围内退火，合金组织与性能均能满足ASTM和ISO标准要求。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Unidirectional W Filament Reinforced Al-6Ti-6Nb and SiCp-Al-6Ti-6Nb Matrix Composites

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双辉技术渗铌对Ti-6Al-4V合金氧化性能的影响

采用双辉等离子渗金属技术在Ti-6Al-4V表面形成均匀致密连续的渗铌合金层。将未渗铌和渗铌的Ti-6Al-4V试样分别在700℃，800℃，900℃进行100h的高温氧化实验，采用XRD，SEM及EDX对试样在900℃氧化100h后的氧化层的相组成、截面形貌及成分分布进行分析，初步探讨Ti-6Al-4V表面渗铌后的抗氧化性能及氧化机理。结果表明：渗铌后的Ti-6Al-4V合金氧化速率常数降低了1个数量级，氧化激活能提高，抗氧化性能明显改善。     

氯化法生产四氯化钛中泥浆的回收处理

用机械合金化工艺制备了Ａｌ－１２Ｔｉ－６Ｎｂ合金，对其物相组成和显微组织进行了ＸＲＤ、电子探针和金相分析与观察，测试了其室温力学性能，并用ＳＥＭ观察了断口形貌，结果表明：ＭＡ Ａｌ－１２Ｔｉ－６Ｎｂ合金中生成了粗细不均的Ａｌ３Ｔｉ金属间化合物粒子，但未形成Ａｌ３Ｎｂ；在较大的Ａｌ３Ｔｉ颗粒和Ｎｂ趋向于平行热压面分布。Ｎｂ的加入使合金较好地发挥了大个Ａｌ３Ｔｉ和盘状Ｎｂ颗粒的协同补强增韧作用，三点弯     

Ti-6Al-4V钛合金固体渗硼法表面改性

对TC4钛合金(Ti-6Al-4V)进行表面渗硼使其表面硬度显著提高.渗硼温度为1000℃到1050℃,渗硼时间为5 h到20h.文内测量和比较了渗硼后钛合金表面的微结构、形貌、相组成等性质,研究了渗硼过程中Ti,Al,V,B等元素的扩散行为.在低温短时间渗硼时,渗硼层厚度仅0.8μm,而在高温长时间渗硼时,渗硼层厚度可达15 μm.实验证明,渗硼层由TiB和TiB2两相组成,并且它们的含量随渗硼温度提高而增加.渗硼层表面主要含TiB2,其显微硬度可达2200 HV0.01,渗硼层内表层主要含TiB,其显微硬度为1100 HV0.01.渗硼层的硬度远高于TC4钛合金的硬度.     

B元素对Ti-46Al和Ti-46Al-5Nb合金柱状晶组织的影响

B元素对Ti-46Al和Ti-46A1-5Nb(原子分数,%)合金的柱状晶组织均有明显的细化作用,且对后者的细化效果更显著.这一现象可归结为:B元素在Ti-46Al-5Nb合金中的溶解度较低,硼化物析出量增加,柱状晶组织进一步细化.     

Effect of heat treatment processing on microstructure and tensile properties of Ti-6Al-4V-10Nb alloy

Effects of heat treatment processing on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V-10Nb alloy were investigated. The microstructures were investigated by SEM, TEM and XRD, and the mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile tests at room and elevated temperatures. The results indicate that the lath-like and globular primary α phase, secondary α phase and β phase are obtained after forging and heat treatment processing. The size of secondary α phase is much smaller than that of primary α phase. After heat treatment, the volume fraction of primary α phase is decreased, and that of secondary α phase is increased. With the increase of solution temperature, the volume fraction of primary α phase is gradually decreased, and that of secondary α phase is obviously increased. The yield strength and tensile strength of Ti-6Al-4V-10Nb alloy are significantly enhanced with the solution temperature increasing.     

Thermoelectric non-destructive texture characterization in Ti-6Al-4V

Due to the manufacturing process Ti-6Al-4V alloy exhibited a very strong anisotropic texture caused by the existence of a preferred crystallographic orientation in the polycrystalline microstructure. This crystallographic alignment can result in anisotropic behavior of the material so that the material properties are different depending on whether they are measured in perpendicular or parallel direction. In addition to this morphological anisotropy, due to the dominantly hexagonal grain structure, the Ti-6Al-4V alloy also exhibited a substantial thermoelectric anisotropy. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of thermoelectric anisotropy on the thermoelectric power measurements in a highly textured Ti-6Al-4V specimen using a completely non-destructive technique based on the Seebeck effect. The result shows the thermoelectric power dependence associated with texturing and the macroscopic grain structure in a rolled Ti-6Al-4V specimen which was annealed at 710 °C for 2 h and slowly cooled. The measurements clearly demonstrate that the intrinsic sensitivity of the thermoelectric contact technique is a very useful tool that could be exploited for QND material characterization.     

铸造Ti-6Al-4V合金的疲劳性能研究

通过铸造Ti-6Al-4V合金疲劳性能试验,绘制出了铸造Ti-6Al-4V合金在不同应力比下裂纹扩展速率da／dN-△K曲线。根据logda／dN和log△K的拟合曲线方程,计算出Paris公式下材料常数c、n值。经SEM对铸造Ti-6Al-4V疲劳断口进行分析,发现随着应力比R的增大,疲劳条带越宽,裂纹扩展速率越大。     

氢对Ti-6Al-4V合金微观组织的影响

采用累计流量法对供应态Ti-6Al-4V合金进行了固态置氢,运用OM、XRD、TEM分析等方法研究了Ti-6Al-4V合金固态置氢后的微观组织状态及演变过程。结果表明:供应态Ti-6Al-4V合金的置氢量低于0.30%(质量分数,下同)时,置氢使得Ti-6Al-4V合金中的α相减少、β相增加;置氢量达到0.30%时,置氢Ti-6Al-4V合金中有δ氢化物(TiH2相)形成;β-Ti(H)共析转变生成α-Ti和δ氢化物时主要以切变方式进行;置氢Ti-6Al-4V合金的相变温度最多下降了180°C,与Ti-6Al-4V合金在置氢过程中的相体积比变化和共析转变有密切关系。     

Ti基钎料真空钎焊Ti-6Al-4V

在温度1223K、时间1－30min钎焊参数条件下，应用Ti基钎料对Ti-6Al-4V进行了真空钎焊。结果表明，接头强度较高，因钎焊温度较低母材基本上保留了原始组织。同时表明Ti-Zr-Cu钎料大幅度增加w(Cu)易造成钎缝中心区域生成连续分布的Ti2Cu TiCu,严重影响接头强度。     

Ti-6Al-4V线性摩擦焊实验研究

线性摩擦焊接作为一种先进的固态连接技术,凭借其高效、优质的特点正逐渐引起人们的重视。尤其是在高推重比飞机发动机整体叶盘制造与维修领域,它已经成为最经济、实用的加工技术之一。以航空工业中广泛应用的Ti-6Al-4V合金为实验材料,进行了线性摩擦焊的实验。描述了线性摩擦焊接工件飞边的宏观形态,得出了金属挤出物的规律。初步分析了典型工件焊缝区和热影响区的显微组织。结果表明,焊缝区为高度弥散的网状组织,热影响区为拉长的α相晶粒夹杂着破损的β相晶粒。     

氧化时间对Ti-6Al-4V微弧氧化膜结构与性能的影响

在Na3PO4电解液中于恒流条件下对Ti-6Al-4V合金进行了微弧氧化处理,考察了氧化时间对微弧氧化膜表面形貌、生长速率、表面硬度和相组成的影响,并对不同氧化时间所得微弧氧化膜的摩擦学性能和耐蚀性能进行了表征.研究结果表明:随着氧化时间的延长,氧化膜表面微孔孔径逐渐增大,微孔数量逐渐减少,氧化膜生长速率逐渐减小,氧化膜的厚度逐渐增加,平均表面硬度呈先增大后减小的趋势;微弧氧化膜主要由金红石TiO2和锐钛矿TiO2相组成,随着氧化时间的延长,金红石相所占比例逐渐增大;氧化时间的长短对微弧氧化膜的摩擦系数影响不大,但对其磨损寿命有着显著影响,延长氧化时间可大大提高微弧氧化膜的磨损寿命,且随着氧化时间的延长,所得微弧氧化膜的腐蚀电位逐渐增大,腐蚀电流先减小后增大.     

Point defect model and corrosion of anodic oxide coatings on Ti-6Al-4V

Electrodeposited anodic oxide coatings were produced on Ti-6Al-4V substrates using (i) phosphoric acid and (ii) aqueous electrolyte containing dissolved calcium and phosphorus. Different coatings were produced by varying the time periods. The coatings contained lower oxides of titanium and small quantities of phosphorus and/or calcium deposited from the electrolyte. Coatings produced from shorter duration had higher resistance to corrosion by simulated body fluid. Point defect model is obeyed by all the coatings. As postulated by this model, coatings containing calcium are attacked more by simulated body fluid than coatings which do not contain calcium.