不同成核剂成核聚丙烯的结晶行为与力学性能

制备了６种成核剂成核聚丙烯（ＰＰ）母料研究了成核母料和成核母料／ＰＰ的结晶,熔融行为,力学性能和透明性等物理性能,不同成核在成核母材料和成核母料／ＰＰ中对ＰＰ的结晶与熔融行为以及性能有不同的作用,观察到成核型Ａ成核ＰＰ具有较高的结晶温度与综合性能,而成核剂Ｂ成核ＰＰ的透明性较好。     

成核剂对增韧聚丙烯力学性能的影响

主要研究成核剂种类及用量对乙烯－辛烯共聚物（POE）增韧聚丙烯（PP）力学性能的影响。研究表明：随着成核剂NA1的加入,PP／POE共混物的透明性、冲击强度、弯曲强度、拉伸屈服强度均明显提高,研制的改性PP的透明性、韧性和刚性得到了平衡。     

成核剂对聚丙烯力学性能与结晶行为的影响

研究了两种类型的成核剂对国产共聚聚丙烯的结晶形态以及拉伸强度、冲击强度的影响。结果表明:加入TMB-5型成核剂,聚丙烯的冲击强度有一定程度改善,w(TMB-5)为0.1%时,改性聚丙烯的缺口冲击强度达到最大;TMX-2型成核剂可改善聚丙烯的拉伸性能,但抗冲击性能降低较大;TMB-5型成核剂可显著地改变聚丙烯的结晶行为,诱导聚丙烯在结晶过程中主要形成β晶;TMX-2型成核剂可诱导聚丙烯在结晶过程中主要生成α晶,与纯PP相比,α晶的形成能力增强。     

成核剂对聚丙烯结晶形态和力学性能的影响

研究了聚丙烯(PP)／成核剂共混物的结晶形态及力学性能。结果表明：加入成核剂后，提高PP的结晶温度，加快了结晶速度，使PP球晶细化；成核剂用量在0—0．2份之间时，PP的冲击强度、拉伸强度、硬度、热变形温度均随成核剂用量的增加而提高。     

成核剂对增韧聚丙烯力学性能和结晶行为的影响

研究了成核剂对ＰＰ／ＰＯＥ共混物的力学性能和结晶行为的影响。加入成核剂提高了共混物的冲击强度和弯曲模量,使ＰＰ／ＰＯＥ共混物的刚性韧性得到了很好的平衡,同时,成核剂提高了ＰＰ／ＰＯＥ共混物的结晶速率和结晶温度,减小了球晶的尺寸,有利于力学性能的提高和缩短加工时间。     

刚性成核剂对不同结构聚丙烯性能的影响

在均聚聚丙烯(PPH)、无规共聚聚丙烯(PPR)和嵌段共聚聚丙烯(PPB)中分别加入刚性成核剂,研究其对聚丙烯(PP)结构与性能的影响。利用电子万能试验机、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、傅立叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和偏光显微镜(POM)等表征手段对改性PP的力学性能、微观结构和结晶性能进行了研究。结果表明,刚性成核剂有细化球晶和加快结晶速率的作用;同时能有效提高PP的弯曲模量、冲击强度、热变形温度;添加0.2份刚性成核剂的PPH和PPB以及添加0.3份刚性成核剂PPR的综合性能最佳。     

β成核剂对嵌段共聚聚丙烯力学性能的影响

研究了一种稀土类β成核剂对嵌段共聚聚丙烯(PP-B)结晶行为以及力学性能的影响。结果表明:PP-B的总结晶度随成核剂用量的增加而增加,其中的α晶结晶度先下降后上升,β晶结晶度先上升后下降,转折点在成核剂含量0．05％左右。随着成核剂用量的增加,聚丙烯的球晶尺寸明显下降,冲击强度先大幅度上升然后下降;拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量和维卡软化温度先下降后上升。     

聚丙烯成核剂研究进展

介绍了聚丙烯成核剂的种类及其对聚丙烯结晶性能的影响；对国内外聚丙烯成核剂的研究进展和应用前景进行丁综述。     

α成核剂对聚丙烯力学性能与结晶性能的影响

研究了3种α成核剂对聚丙烯力学性能与结晶性能的影响。结果表明:成核剂EPX715对刚性的提高最明显,对韧性的影响最小;EPX715对改善聚丙烯的成核效果最明显,晶粒最均匀致密;EPX715改性聚丙烯的结晶温度最高,(040)晶面的衍射峰强度最大,结晶度最大,成型时冷却速率最快,加工周期最短,提高了生产效率。而成核剂HPN20E与第4代苄叉山梨醇衍生类成核剂NX8000对聚丙烯的力学性能、结晶形态以及结晶行为的综合改性效果略差于成核剂EPX715。     

β晶型成核剂对PP结晶行为的影响

制备了β晶型聚丙烯(β-PP),利用广角X射线衍射仪与偏光显微镜表征了球晶形态,研究了其非等温结晶行为,并用Jeziorny法、莫志深法和Kissinger法对所得数据进行处理。结果表明,添加β晶型成核剂后,PP由α晶型向β晶型转变,起始结晶温度明显提高,总结晶时间缩短,结晶活化能降低。β-PP的Avrami指数在1．69～1．89,小于PP,表明β晶型成核剂的加入改变了PP的成核机理及生长方式。     

Interactions between sorbitol-type nucleator and additives for polypropylene

The thermal properties of a sorbitol-type nucleating agent (viz. 1,2,3-trideoxy-4,6:5,7-bis-O-[(4-propylphenyl)methylene]-nonitol (TBPMN)) were examined in this study, and the influence of common processing additives assessed. In addition, we describe a novel approach to monitor in situ the self-assembly of the nucleator in presence of additives by optical microscopy. The performance of sorbitol compounds is closely associated to their chemical structure and ability to self-assemble. TBPMN formed elongated fibrils from the melt under inert atmosphere, in molted polypropylene, or in presence of antioxidants. However, calcium stearate (CaSt) and glycerol monostearate hampered growth, and yielded thinner fibrils. In presence of the additives, melting point depression of the nucleator occurred, and resulted in a lower degree of crystallinity upon cooling. Performance evaluation of the nucleator in polypropylene blends revealed an increased crystallization temperature when antioxidants were present, while CaSt inhibited nucleator activity. The effect of mono-glycerides was found highly dependent on the processing conditions. Noteworthy, blends containing all the additives displayed the highest performance. This study highlights the importance of the preparation method of polymer additive blends to achieving the best performance in the final product. Characterization was performed by thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry.     

β晶型成核剂改性聚丙烯纤维研究

研究了含 0 .2 5 %β晶型成核剂 (酰胺化合物 )的聚丙烯 Z3 0 S及其纤维的力学性能、晶型结构和微观形态。通过纺丝 -拉伸实验和力学性能测试、广角 X射线衍射分析、SEM观察 ,发现成核改性后生成了β晶型聚丙烯 (K值约为 75 .3 % ) ,抗冲性能大幅度提高。β晶型聚丙烯在纺丝卷绕过程中发生了β晶型→α晶型转变 ,纤维中产生约 10 %微孔隙 ,改性纤维的力学性能有所降低。     

Crystallization behaviors and mechanical performance of polypropylene/tetrapod‐shaped zinc oxide whisker composites

Polypropylene (PP)/tetrapod‐shaped zinc oxide whisker (T‐ZnOw) composites are prepared via a melt‐mixing method in combination with a Haake rheometer. Differential scanning calorimetery (DSC) is used to investigate the nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization behaviors of the composites. Crystalline morphology is observed using hot‐stage optical microscopy, and the mechanical performance of the composites is investigated. Results indicate that T‐ZnOw has no heterogeneous nucleation effect on PP; in fact, it retards the growth of the crystal. Filled T‐ZnOw in PP matrix decreases the peak crystallization and melting temperatures of PP. T‐ZnOw shows either a reinforcing or toughening effect on the PP matrix at very lower weight ratios. These effects, however, decline with increasing T‐ZnOw contents because the size of the spherulitic crystals becomes bigger. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

A mechanistic investigation of the directional entrapping modification on the semicrystalline polypropylene surface

This article concerns a detailed mechanistic investigation of the directional entrapping modification on the polypropylene (PP) surface, when stearyl-alcohol poly(ethylene oxide) ether (AEO) was applied as the modifier. The results of swelling degree and contact angle are found to exhibit similar evolutions as functions of swelling temperatures and swelling time, revealing that the modifier implantation is closely related to the swelling level of swollen PP. A solvent-induced crystallization (SINC) and a subsequent crystalline collapse are indicated to occur during surface swelling. Both the amorphous regions on PP surfaces and the microvoids induced by SINC are suggested to contribute to surface swelling and to provide embedding sites for modifier implantation. XRD and DSC analyses reveal a considerably homogeneous distribution of the stearyl segments of AEO in modified surfaces and confirm that the stearyl chain is partially compatible with PP. A thermodynamically stable phase-mixed structure of modified PP is proposed. The mechanistic investigation gives comprehensive insights into the directional entrapping modification and is significant for the extensive applications of the entrapping method for semicrystalline polymers.     

Effect of silane‐grafted polypropylene on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of talc/polypropylene composites

Talc‐filled polypropylene (PP) composites coupled with silane‐grafted polypropylene (PP‐g‐Si) were prepared. Effect of PP‐g‐Si on the mechanical properties, crystallization, and melting behavior of PP composites was investigated. Compared with the uncoupled composites, the mechanical properties of Talc/PP composites coupled with a small amount of PP‐g‐Si were increased to some extent. Meanwhile, PP‐g‐Si can promote crystallization rate and increase crystallization temperature of PP in the composites. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 2974–2977, 2000     

聚丙烯的化学接枝改性

综述了聚丙烯常用的化学接枝改性方法,单体和引发剂的选择,接枝率的测定方法以及接枝反应机理,并对接枝共聚物的结构性能作了简要阐述。     

透明聚丙烯的研究进展

聚丙烯（PP）作为一种热塑性树脂,具有良好的性能,并且价格低廉,被广泛应用于各种领域,尤其是透明PP以其优异的光学和力学性能,近年来吸引了越来越多研究者的重视。本文概述了透明PP在国内外的研究发展情况,介绍了PP增透改性的主要途径（包括添加透明剂、直接合成透明PP、共混改性等）,并对各种改性方法的优缺点进行总结,对于进一步研究PP的透明改性具有一定的指导意义。     

Combined effect of organic phosphate sodium and nanoclay on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene

Combined effect of α‐nucleating agent (NA) sodium 2,2′‐methylene‐bis(4,6‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl) phosphate (NA11) and nanoclay (NC) on the mechanical properties and crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) was investigated by mechanical testing, wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarized optical microscopy (POM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical testing results indicated that the separate addition of NA11 and NC only increased the stiffness of iPP while the combined addition of NA11, NC, and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP‐g‐MA) simultaneously improved stiffness and toughness of iPP. Compared to pure iPP, the tensile strength, the flexural modulus, and impact strength of iPP composites increased 9.7, 38.6, and 42.9%, respectively. The result indicated good synergistic effects of NC, NA11, and PP‐g‐MA in improving iPP mechanical properties. WAXD patterns revealed NA11, and NC only induced the α‐crystals of iPP. SEM micrograph showed that the PP‐g‐MA could effectively improve the dispersing of NC in iPP. Finally, the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of neat iPP and PP nanocomposites was described by Caze method. The result indicated that the addition of NA overcame the shortcoming of low crystallization rate of NC nanocomposites and maintained the excellent mechanical properties, which is another highlight of the combined addition of NAs and nanoclay. Meanwhile, the result showed that nuclei formation and spherulite growth of iPP were affected by the presence of NA and nanoclay. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011