Low complexity joint time offset and frequency offset estimations for LTE uplink system

The orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is currently used in long term evolution (LTE) system. The time offset estimation (TOE) and frequency offset estimation (FOE) of OFDM is essential in mobile communication base. According to the conventional cross correlation TOE and FOE algorithms, a new cross correlation computation was proposed to estimate the time offset and frequency offset for LTE uplink system, so that the time offset and frequency offset can be estimated simultaneously with low complexity. Compared with the conventional TOE and FOE algorithms, the simulation show that the proposed can reduce complexity and improve performance for FOE with good performance for TOE in additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and multipath channel.     

一种新的定时和频偏联合估计算法

提出了一种新的正交频分复用(OFDM)系统定时和频率同步联合算法.该算法仅需要一个训练符号就可以完成定时和频偏估计,额外开销量小,定时和频率同步的实现均在时域进行,简化了同步实现的复杂度.由于使用自相关处理,定时同步对频率偏差具有较强的鲁棒性.与以往的定时同步算法相比,该算法避免了定时平台和多峰值的出现,即使在非常低的信噪比下,其定时测度都是一个尖脉冲.仿真结果表明,该算法能快速地实现定时和频率同步.     

Frequency offset estimation with fast acquisition in OFDM system

A new carrier frequency offset estimation scheme in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) system is proposed. The carrier frequency offset estimation includes acquisition and tracking, and the acquisition range is as large as one half of overall signal bandwidth. The proposed tracking estimator is a maximum-likelihood estimator, and in AWGN channel, the Cramer-Rao lower bound is met at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR); in multipath channel, the tracking algorithm works well at moderate SNR. Timing synchronization can be also performed during the course of acquisition.     

A frequency offset estimation algorithm for OFDM systems

A new fine carrier frequency offset estimation algorithm in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） system is proposed. The correlation item is the training sequence instead of the received signal in the new algorithm. Simulation results show that the performance of the new algorithm is 4dB-9dB better than that of Schmidl＇s algorithm. Coarse frequency offset estimation is also discussed in this paper, which is the improvement of Zhang＇s method. The estimation range using the improvement method is twice as that using the Zhang＇s method. Based on the hardware of the receiver and the improved algorithm, a method using Fast Fourier Transform （FFT） is proposed to implement the coarse frequency estimation. The chip area of OFDM system can be reduced by using the proposed method.     

OFDM系统频偏自适应跟踪算法的研究

为了减小正交频分复用系统受频率偏差的影响,在OFDM系统中设计了一种新的载波频偏估计算法.频偏估计包括跟踪和捕获两个阶段,文中采用变步长自适应算法来进行跟踪,这个跟踪算法的捕捉范围是整个信号带宽的一半.通过此方法,不但可以利用前向纠错的方式来避免反馈,而且可以缩减复数乘法的次数以降低计算复杂度和系统功耗.该方法运算复杂度低,并具有较好的收敛性,能改善ODFM的解调性能.从计算机的仿真效果可以看出无论是在AWGN信道上还是在多径信道上都表现出了卓越的性能.     

OFDM同步跟踪阶段的频偏估计算法

ＯＦＤＭ对栽频偏差是很敏感的，因此不仅在同步的捕获阶段，而且在同步的跟踪阶段，精确的频偏估计是很重要的。文献［３］提出了一种简化的相干判决反馈的迭代算法来估计同步跟踪阶段的载频偏差，对于１２８个子载波、ＱＰＳＫ调制的ＯＦＤＭ系统，在多径衰落信道下，当频偏小于子载波间隔的１５％时，频偏估计的标准方差小于１％，但是这个结果是在假设信道频率响应、定时偏差、载波相位等参数已知的条件下取得的，而当这些参数的估计存在误差时，由仿真结果可看出，频偏估计性能恶化了，因此，提出了采用差分判决反馈的频偏估计算法，虽然只能估计小于子载波间隔 ８％的频偏，但差分判决反馈算法不需要知道信道的参数，由于在同步跟踪阶段，频偏一般都较小，因此采用差分判决反馈算法可以很好地估计出同步跟踪阶段的频率偏差。     

基于迭代滤波机制的OFDM系统的频偏估计

本文提出一种估计OFDM系统频偏参数的新思路:将一些原用于单载波调制信号的频偏估计算法,与迭代滤波机制相结合,提高其精度,使之满足OFDM的要求,从而用到OFDM系统的同步中.本文举了一个具体例子,matlab6.0平台上的仿真结果表明例子给出的算法估计精度高、捕获范围大,有很好的应用价值.     

无线局域网环境中OFDM系统频偏综合估计

本文提出了一种针对IEEE802．11a OFDM系统频偏综合估计算法，该算法分两个过程对OFDM频偏进行估计；捕获过程和跟踪过程，计算机仿真表明，该算法在不降低估计误差均方差的情况下，相对于其它使用前导字进行频偏跟踪的算法能够提供更大的频偏估计范围，具有更高的频率和更低的计算复杂度。     

一种基于OFDM信号周期平稳特性的系统时延和频偏的盲估计算法

该文首先提出一种基于信号周期平稳特性的OFDM系统时延和频偏的盲估计算法,然后分析算法,获得一种可以估计非整数倍样点周期的时延和扩大频偏估计范围,实现整个OFDM系统带宽范围内的频偏估计的方法,并指出本算法可以在信道未知的情况下获得好的估计性能,最后给出相应的仿真结果。理论分析和仿真结果表明,本算法有很好的抗噪特性、强的变化信道适应性,与同类方法比较,具有更高的估计精度、估计非整数倍样点周期时延和扩大频偏估计范围的能力。     

叠加弱能量序列的OFDM系统时频同步方法

 本文提出一种使用叠加的、弱能量序列进行时间同步和频偏估计的方法,其中所构造的训练序列具有低/零自相关性及弱能量性能,该序列被叠加在信息符号上并仅分配发射机总能量的4.1%;传统利用循环前缀信息估计频偏范围只局限于0.5内,该法使频偏估计范围可达到1,在利用本地序列与接收信号的相关性后可使整个频偏估计范围达到1/4带宽.理论和仿真表明,该法具有比常规算法更优的时间估计精度和频偏估计范围.     

Improved Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation in OFDM Systems

1　Introduction　OrthogonalFrequencyDivisionMultiplexing(OFDM )isaneffectivetransmissionschemetocombatmultipathfading[1 ] .Byinsertingaguardin tervalbetweensymbolblockscalledcyclicprefix ,theInterSymbolInterference (ISI)canbemitigat ed.OFDMwasadoptedasthemodulationschemeforaDigitalAudioBroadcasting(DAB)system[2 ]andADSL (AsymmetryDigitalSubscriberLoop) [3]andwasalsoproposedastheterrestrialHDTVtransportinEurope[4] .　OFDMsystemsareverysensitivetocarrierfre quencyoffset,andcarrie…     

LTE系统中利用信道估计的天线端口数检测算法

长期演进(LTE）系统中使用多输入多输出(MIMO)技术来改善通信质量并提升信道容量。天线端口数通过循环冗余校验（CRC）掩码的方式隐含于物理广播信道（PBCH）中,遍历1、2、4三种天线端口数情况,分别作为PBCH解码配置,以CRC校验通过并且PBCH解码成功作为确定天线端口数的标志,从而造成冗余计算和时延的产生。为此,提出了一种基于信道估计的天线端口数检测算法,利用正交频分复用（OFDM）调制的LTE信号在空口环境中受频偏和时延影响,造成信道估计结果相位的线性累加,再通过线性回归方程的门限匹配,解决天线端口数检测中频偏影响大、计算量过多和盲检等问题。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法复杂度低、时延小,且在残余频偏较大时具有较高的正确率。     

Fast Frequency Offset Acquisition and Accurate Tracking in OFDM Systems

1　IntroductionOrthogonalFrequencyDivisionMultiplexing(OFDM )isaneffectivetransmissionschemetocombatmultipathfading[1～ 2 ,1 7] .Byinsertingaguardintervalbetweensymbolblockscalledcyclicprefix,theInter SymbolInterference (ISI)canbemitigated .OFDMisadoptedasthemodulationschemeforaDigitalAudioBroadcasting (DAB)sys tem[3] andAsymmetryDigitalSubscriberLoop(ADSL) [4] andisalso proposedastheterrestrialHDTVtransportinEurope[5] .OFDMsystemisverysensitivetocarrierfre quencyoffset.Manymet…     

利用CAZAC序列的OFDM频率同步方法

频率偏移估计是OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)的关键技术。该文提出了在一个OFDM符号内利用两个重复的CAZAC (Constant Amplitude Zero Auto Correlation)序列进行频率偏移估计的新方法,估计范围可达整个OFDM带宽。用于同步的训练序列还可用于信道估计和均衡,这将提高系统的数据传输效率。此算法同步精度达到了Schmidl提出的Cramer-Rao bound,有效性在AWGN和Rayleigh多径信道下得到了验证。     

一种OFDM系统同步参数盲估计方法

首先提出一种扩大周期平稳信号循环周期的方法，然后在此基础上提出一种基于信号周期平稳特性的盲同步参数快速估计算法，最后通过分析算法获得一种可以估计非整数倍样点周期时延和扩大频偏估计范围的方法，从而实现整个OFDM基带带宽范围内的频偏估计。理论分析和仿真结果表明，该算法仅用很少的OFDM符号就可以实现同步参数的估计、有好的抗噪特性、衰落信道适应性和高的估计精度。     

OFDM系统中一种新型盲载波频偏估计

正交频分复用(OFDM)是一种能够有效地抗频率选择性衰落的技术。由于载波频偏的存在会引起载波间干扰,导致系统性能的严重下降。在分析载波频偏对系统影响的基础上,提出了一种联合译码的新型盲频偏估计算法。该算法只需要一个OFDM符号,将BICM译码的硬判决反馈信息作为虚拟训练序列,利用该反馈信号与接收信号的相关性进行频偏估计。通过BICM迭代译码,更新译码反馈信息,提高频偏估计精度。仿真结果表明,提出的算法经过3次迭代,可以有效地进行频偏估计。     

LTE中一种基于高速铁路场景的信道估计方法

LTE系统在下行采用了OFDM技术。OFDM技术将高速数据流调制到相互正交的N路子载波上,因此易受频偏的影响,尤其在多普勒频偏较大的高速环境下会受到严重的干扰。本文依托LTE系统,提出一种针对高速铁路场景的信道估计方法,在基于最小二乘(least squares,LS)估计的基础上,针对高速移动环境提出相应的处理方法,包括基于循环前缀(cyclic prefix,CP)的频偏估计和时域能量集中等处理,仿真分析结果表明,与传统方法相比更适合高速场景,在车速达到500 km/h时仍然保持良好的误码率,具有一定的实用价值。     

Complex efficient carrier frequency offset estimation algorithm in OFDM systems

A new carrier frequency offset estimation scheme in the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is proposed. The proposed algorithm is an extension of the Michele Morelli (M&M) algorithm. By dividing one training symbol into L>1 identical small blocks, the carrier frequency offset estimation range up to /spl plusmn/L/2 times subcarrier spacing can be obtained. The proposed algorithm can utilize the correlativity among all small blocks of a training symbol more sufficiently than the M&M algorithm, and thus it is more accurate and robust. Without increasing the estimation errors, the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm can be further reduced by increasing parameters H/sub l/ and H/sub h/ with a positive value simultaneously.     

Performance analysis of broadband satellite communication system based on OFDM/TDM

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing （OFDM） is attracting more attention for its capability of high speed transmission. However, the OFDM possesses an obvious shortage in its high ratio of the peak power to the average power （PAPR）, which has become the main issue holding it back to be applied to the broadband satellite communication system. OFDM combined with time division multiplexing （TDM）, dividing the subcarriers of OFDM into some blocks in time tune, can decrease the high PAPR of OFDM. Meanwhile, the advantages of OFDM can be preserved. In this paper, OFDM/TDM is applied to the broadband satellite communication system. This paper theoretically analyses OFDM/TDM system model as well as its restraining effect on PAPR, and proposes frequency domain multiplexing-pilot （FDM-Pilot） channel estimation algorithm. Simulation results show OFDM/TDM in broadband satellite communication system has approving performance and decreased the PAPR.     

改进的16QAM载波频偏估计算法

针对QAM相干光传输系统中载波频偏估计算法存在估计范围小、计算复杂度高的问题,提出一种基于训练符号的FFT频偏估计算法.利用训练符号相位信息消除部分采样信号调制相位,取该部分信号的幅角进行FFT变换,最终得到频偏估计值.消除了原频偏估计算法中除以4的运算,从而扩大了频偏估计范围,同时由于减少了FFT长度进而降低计算复杂度.仿真结果表明,改进后的算法在QAM相干检测系统保持较高精度的频偏估计情况下,其估计范围可以达到±50％符号速率.