Monel K-500合金高温流变特性及其本构方程

采用Gleeble 3800热模拟实验机研究了Monel K-500合金在变形温度为850~1 100℃,应变速率为0.01~10s-1时的高温流变行为,测定了合金在不同条件下的流变应力曲线。结果表明,最大压缩变形量对合金的流变行为影响不大;变形温度相同时,合金在应变速率为0.1s-1时取得最大峰值应变;根据Arrhenius模型得到了合金的热变形本构方程。     

耐热合金热压缩修正后本构方程及热加工图

通过热模拟压缩实验研究了耐热合金CN617在变形温度为950~1 150℃、应变速率为0.01~10s-1条件下的热变形行为,修正了实验中由于摩擦和变形热效应引起的流变应力误差,并采用修正后的流变应力值,通过回归分析建立了CN617合金的热变形本构方程并绘制了热加工图。计算得出锻态耐热合金CN617热变形的热激活能平均为550kJ/mol。利用热加工图确定了CN617合金热变形时流变失稳区,分析得到了CN617合金流变失稳的原因是极少动态再结晶发生以及局部绝热变形带的形成。     

Corrosion and mechanical properties of AM50 magnesium alloy after being modified by 1 wt.% rare earth element gadolinium

In order to improve the corrosion and mechanical properties of AM50 magnesium alloy, 1 wt.% Gd was used to modify the AM50 magnesium alloy. The microstructure, corrosion and mechanical properties were evaluated by X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS), electrochemical and mechanical stretch methods. The results indicated that β-Mg17Al12 phase decreased and Al2Gd3 and Al0.4GdMn1.6 phase existed after Gd addition. Because of the Gd addition, the grain of AM50 magnesium alloy was refined significantly, which improved the tensile strength of AM50 magnesium alloy. The decreasing of β phase improved the corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy. The fracture mechanism of the Gd modified AM50 magnesium alloy was quasi-cleavage fracture. The corrosion residual strength(CRS) of AM50 magnesium alloy was improved after 1 wt.% Gd addition.     

镁合金的研究应用及最新进展

镁合金由于具有质量轻、比强度和比刚度高以及良好的铸造性能等特点,在理论研究和实际应用上引起了人们极大的关注.近年来,世界各国纷纷致力于镁合金的研究开发.本文综述了镁合金的性能特点、镁合金的合金系列、镁合金在汽车、电子等工业上的应用以及镁合金的发展动向,分析了我国镁合金行业的现状和发展前景.     

Grain refinement of AZ31 magnesium alloy by Al-Ti-C-Y master alloy

Al-Ti-C-Y master alloy was prepared by combining SHS technique and melting-casting method. The microstructure of master alloy and its grain-refining effect on AZ31 alloy were investigated by means of OM, XRD, SEM and EDS. Experimental results indicated that the prepared master alloy consisted of α-Al, TiAl3, TiC and Al3Y phases, and exhibited good grain-refining performance of AZ31 alloy. Morphology of α-Mg changed from coarse dendritic to fine equiaxed and the average grain size of α-Mg matrix reduced from the original 580 to 170 μm after adding 1.0 wt.% master alloy. The grain refining efficiency of Al-Ti-C-Y master alloy on AZ31 alloy was mainly attributed to heterogeneous nucleation of TiC particles and grain growth restriction of Al-Y compound or TiC at grain boundaries.     

镁合金板材挤压工艺的有限元模拟

采用有限元模拟方法对AZ31B镁合金板材挤压过程中的应力场、应变场和挤压力随工艺参数的变化规律进行研究.所研究的挤压工艺参数包括:挤压温度、挤压比和挤压速度等。结果表明:随着坯料挤压温度的升高,最大等效应变值从17. 6逐渐增大至26. 4;最大等效应力值由133. 2 MPa减小至43. 4 MPa;挤压温度高于350℃后,挤压力变化不大.随着挤压比的增加,挤压力由7. 328 MN增大至8. 808 MN;最大等效应变值先减小后增大;最大等效应力值由87 MPa增加至119 MPa.随着挤压速度的增加,挤压力从2. 14 MN增加至3. 42 MN;最大等效应变值先增大后减小;最大等效应力值由72. 3 MPa逐渐增大至104. 2MPa.     

Cu-Ni-Ti合金高温热变形行为及热加工图

采用MMS-100热力模拟机对Cu-Ni-Ti合金进行了温度为700～850℃、变形速率为0.01～10 s-1的等温压缩试验.研究表明,流变应力随应变程度增加快速上升至极限值后逐渐转变为平缓曲线,随温度增加而降低,随应变速率增加而上升.基于应力与变形速率和应变温度之间的关系,构建了Cu-Ni-Ti合金的本构方程和热加...     

镁合金微弧氧化研究

在两种体系中研究了镁合金的微弧氧化.对比实验表明,磷酸盐体系中钕对氧化膜外观、厚度和耐蚀性有较大改善,提高钕盐浓度效果更佳;硅酸盐体系中,用稀土盐溶液浸泡试样后,制得的试样表面颜色较白,膜层分布更均匀,起弧容易.两种体系中用稀土转化膜取代镁合金表面的自然氧化膜进行微弧氧化处理,获得的陶瓷层分布更加均匀,表面更光滑致密,耐蚀性显著加强.     

高镁铝合金的钠脆性

本文从理论和实践相结合阐述了高镁铝合金中钠的来源,钠脆性的危害及降低钠质量分数的措施。     

镁合金在水-乙二醇体系中的电偶腐蚀及缓蚀剂

研究了AZ91D压铸镁合金分别与02235钢、H62黄铜、LF21铝合金及356^#铸铝偶接在水-乙二醇体系中的电偶腐蚀行为和规律,并对加入开发的有机无机复配缓蚀剂前后的腐蚀行为差异和缓蚀效果作出了评价．结果表明,加入缓蚀剂后不仅降低了电偶对中镁合金的全面腐蚀,而且有效抑制了点蚀．通过电偶腐蚀电化学参量的测量和动电位极化曲线的测量发现,AZ91D压铸镁合金的电偶腐蚀由加入缓蚀剂前的阴极控制转变为阳极控制,且对阳极过程抑制显著．     

AZ61B镁合金热变形动力学的研究

采用等温压缩试验,测定了AZ61B镁合金材料在热变形条件下的流变应力,分析变形条件对流变应力的影响规律,借助于经验公式描述高温变形动力学,计算了合金的热变形激活参数,探明了AZ61B合金试验变形条件下主要的软化机制为动态再结晶.     

Hot workability of Mg-9Y-1MM-0.6Zr alloy

The behavior evolvement of Mg-9Y-1MM-0.6Zr (WE91) alloy during hot deformation process was discussed. The flow stress behavior of magnesium alloy over the strain rate range of 0.001 to 1 s-1 and the temperature range of 653 to 773 K was studied on a Gleeble-1500D hot simulator under the maximum deformation degree of 60%. The experimental results showed that the relationship between stress and strain was obviously affected by the strain rate and deformation temperature and the flow curves observed were typical of the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization. The flow stress of WE91 magnesium alloy during high temperature deformation could be represented by the Zener-Hollomon parameter in the hyperbolic Arrhenius-type equation. The average deformation activation energy Q and strain coefficient n were 224.11 kJ/mol and 3.08 by calculation,respectively. The processing maps were calculated and analyzed according to the dynamic materials model. The map at strain of 0.916 exhibited three domains with peak efficiency of 49%,44% and 42%,respectively. It was found that the alloy could be extruded at 693 K with mechanical properties of σ0.2=240 MPa,σb=315 MPa and δ=15.5%.     

铝、镁合金流变压铸成形技术及应用

流变压铸成形技术在提高铸件力学性能、减少内部缺陷方面具有明显的优势,是一种先进的材料成形工艺．文中重点介绍了作者近年来开发的铝、镁合金半固态浆料制备装置和技术,以及TBR、FCR流变压铸成形技术在应用方面的研究进展与取得的成果．采用模拟仿真技术,对比了流变浆料和液态金属的压铸充型行为,结果表明：流变压铸充型平稳,可以有效减少铸件的缩孔疏松缺陷．     

Sr对ZK60镁合金晶粒细化的影响

用金相显微分析、扫描电镜分析及能谱分析等方法研究了Sr对ZK60镁合金晶粒细化的影响.结果表明:添加少量的Sr对ZK60镁合金有很好的组织细化效果,但其细化效率受Sr加入量和熔体保温时间的影响较大.在给定熔体保温时间的条件下,随着Sr质量分数从0.01%增加到0.1%,晶粒细化效率逐渐提高.在给定Sr加入量的条件下,当熔体保温时间为20~80min时,晶粒细化效率随熔体保温时间的延长而提高;当熔体保温时间超过80min后,晶粒细化效率随熔体保温时间的延长而降低.     

Grain refinement of AZ31 magnesium alloy by AI-Ti-C-Y master ahoy

Al-Ti-C-Y master alloy was prepared by combining SHS technique and melting-casting method. The microstructure of master alloy and its grain-refining effect on AZ31 alloy were investigated by means of OM, XRD, SEM and EDS. Experimental results indicated that the prepared master alloy consisted of α-Al, TiAl3, TiC and Al3Y phases, and exhibited good grain-refining performance of AZ31 alloy. Morphology of α-Mg changed from coarse dendritic to free equiaxed and the average grain size of α-Mg matrix reduced from the original 580 to 170 μm after adding 1.0 wt.% master alloy. The grain refining efficiency of Al-Ti-C-Y master alloy on AZ31 alloy was mainly attributed to heterogeneous nucleation of TiC particles and grain growth restriction of Al-Y compound or TiC at grain boundaries.     

含镁合金的制备及在炼钢中的应用

利用镁处理生产超纯净钢及改善钢的显微组织和机械性能等越来越受到重视.但是目前镁加入钢液中,反应十分剧烈,收得率很低且不稳定,无法满足实验的要求.本文拟利用金属粉末针对超高强度钢300M,制备Ni-Mg-Fe系和Ni-Mg-Mo-Fe系中间合金,镁的质量分数在5%左右,并采用电阻炉小坩埚实验.结果表明,无论是Ni-Mg-Fe系还是Ni-Mg-Mo-Fe系的含镁合金压块,镁的收得率都远远超过了预设的5%,镁的溶解量已基本达到稳定.镁处理后,钢中硫含量和全氧含量都明显降低,镁的加入起到显著的脱硫和脱氧效果.同时,钢中的夹杂物成分也变化明显,单相的Al2O3和Mn S夹杂物基本消失,转变为Mg S或者Mg O为核心的夹杂物,有些外面包裹着Mn S;或者是以Mg O·Al2O3尖晶石为核心,外面包裹着低熔点Mn S的复合夹杂物.     

近液相线半连续铸造AZ91D镁合金微观组织研究

用近液相线半连续铸造法制备出具有球状和蔷薇状晶粒的AZ91D合金坯料。考察了铸造速度对合金微观组织的影响，以及对铸锭边部和中心组织差异的影响。实验结果表明，随铸造速度的增加，铸锭逐渐趋向枝晶化，边部和中心组织差异经历了由小到大，再由大到小的变化。并对铸造速度的影响机理进行了分析。     

镁合金产业的现状与发展

简要介绍镁合金的主要特点、应用以及镁合金的成型工艺,并分析了我国镁合金发展的现状和国内企业如何应对挑战。     

高能球磨制备纳米晶镁合金粉末的研究

利用氩气保护下的高能球磨,制备了纳米晶AZ31镁合金粉末。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)等方法,研究了高能球磨过程中粉末微观组织与形貌演变规律。结果表明:随着球磨时间的延长,镁合金粉末的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小,微观应变和晶格常数逐渐增大;粉末颗粒首先被碾压成扁平状并相互焊合使颗粒尺寸粗化,然后随球磨的继续进行发生断裂,使颗粒尺寸逐渐减小;球磨80h后,粉末组织与形貌均趋于稳定,获得了平均颗粒尺寸为15～20μm、晶粒尺寸为85nm左右的纳米晶AZ31镁合金粉末。     

EDTA滴定法测定镍镁合金中镍和镁

建立了EDTA络合滴定法测定镍镁合金中镍和镁含量的分析方法。试样以硝酸、滴加盐酸溶解,分取一定体积的试液,加柠檬酸掩蔽铁离子,以丁二酮肟沉淀镍,用硝酸和高氯酸破坏沉淀剂,以紫脲酸铵作指示剂,用EDTA标准溶液滴定镍含量;同时,另取部分试液,以铜试剂预先分离镍基体,并以盐酸羟胺、氰化钾、三乙醇胺等掩蔽剩余干扰离子,以铬黑T为指示剂,用EDTA标准溶液滴定镁含量。对沉淀剂进行探讨,结果表明,测定镍时,加沉淀剂丁二酮肟与其络合沉淀,选择性好;而测定镁时,选择铜试剂络合沉淀基体镍和其他干扰离子,滤液可直接用于镁离子的测定,干扰少。对镍镁合金样品中镍、镁含量进行多次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)分别为0.23%~0.57%和0.76%~0.90%。并模拟镍镁合金的主要成分及含量合成试样溶液进行测定,结果与理论值一致。将方法应用于镍镁合金实际样品分析,结果与参照方法结果一致。