利用吉林省地产原料研制快烧仿石砖

受长春奥吉达建筑陶瓷公司的委托,利用吉林省地产原料研制快烧仿石砖,为公司即将引进意大利快烧仿石砖生产线提供科学的配料依据,现将试验室研制结果介绍如下。     

利用煤矿尾矿废渣生产仿石砖

1999的我国瓷砖年产量已达20亿m^2，产量的过快增长造成原料资源枯竭，价格上涨，而且质量波动较大。为此国家鼓励和扶植企业积极开展资源再利用。唐山陶瓷集团有限公司，充分利用地域、资源优势，从研制、改进工艺配方着手，利用本地煤矿尾矿废渣生产仿石砖。重点研究了唐山市印子沟煤矿尾矿废渣，经过化学分析及矿物分析，并实施了仿石砖的生产配方试验，证明这种煤矿尾矿废渣完全可以代替章村土、紫木节作为生产仿石砖的原料。     

利用煤矿尾矿铝矾土生产绿色建材仿石砖

利用煤矿尾矿铝钒土生产绿色建材仿石砖 ,促进生态与经济协调发展 ,使生态产业迅速发展起来 ,具有较高的推广价值     

利用煤矿尾矿铝钒土生产绿色建材仿石砖

利用煤矿尾矿铝钒土生产绿色建材仿石砖，促进生态与经济协调发展，使生态农业迅速发展起来，具有较高的推广价值。     

建筑陶瓷的新技术与新装饰

建筑陶瓷,尤其是地砖,从小规格的马赛克到目前意大利SYSTEM公司推出的堪称“砖王”的(900mmx2700mmx3mm)大规格超薄抛光砖;从单色、仿天然石、斑点、大颗粒、渗花,到仿古、仿石砖;从普通上釉砖到丰富的个性化装饰手段生产的上釉砖,都进行了大量的创新和改革,出现了大量的新技术、新工艺和新设备。     

陶瓷行业“绿色革命”的好后勤 --记湘潭市高新陶瓷机械厂

走进佛山城,五彩缤纷的陶瓷产品玲珑满目、争相斗艳.从五颜六色的釉面砖到光亮如镜的抛光砖;从雪白如玉的仿石砖到粗旷古朴的陶质砖,应有尽有、目不暇接.但是,最引人注目的是那些色彩柔和、返朴归真,自然美感的劈开砖、紫砂陶质墙地砖等"绿色"陶瓷产品.这些引领潮流的新产品,一投放市场便立即引起巨大反响,它不仅深受用户的欢迎,而且也引起生产企业争相研制.     

一种新型建筑工程材料——仿花岗岩瓷砖

一、前言 仿花岗岩瓷砖又名广场砖、仿石砖,是近年来国外十分盛行的一种新型建筑工程材料。它是模仿天然花岗岩的外形,以粘土、长石、硅石、陶石、天然花岗岩等为主要原料,经1300℃以上的高温烧结面成。具有低吸水率、高抗折强度、抗冻、耐磨。防滑等特性。它不仅具有比天然花岗岩更绚丽多样的色彩,而且不同的规格能铺贴成多种图案,因而被广泛用于广场、高级酒店、楼宇、园林、别墅、道路两旁铺地以及停车场     

佛山陶瓷开始第二次飞跃

广东省佛山陶瓷工贸集团提出“跃起来”、“冲出去”的口号开始了第二次新的飞跃。从1983年引进第一条彩釉砖生产线,到1991年底,销售收入由1.02亿元,增到9.75亿元,税利由当时的2200万元增至2.1亿元。每年平均递增38％。 1992年瓷质砖、大规格仿石砖(300×300×7mm)和高档卫生洁具,产销两旺。上半年销售总收入为7.34亿元,比去年同期增长47.3％,利润为4514万元,比去年同期增长57.6％。他们的诀窍是:瞄准世界先进     

陶瓷行业“绿色革命”的好后勤——湘潭市高新陶瓷机械厂

走进佛山城,陶瓷产品琳琅满目、争奇斗艳。从五颜六色的釉面砖到光亮如镜的抛光砖;从雪白如玉的仿石砖到粗旷古朴的陶质砖,应有尽有、目不暇接;但是,最引人注目的是那些色彩柔和、返朴归真,自然美感的劈开砖、紫砂陶质墙地砖等“绿色”陶瓷产品。这些引领潮流的新产品,一投放市场便立即引起巨大反响,它不仅深受用户的欢迎,而且也引起生产企业争相研制。 “绿色”代表着自然,代表着环保,代表着人类赖以生存和持续发展的必然。近年来,绿色陶瓷在陶瓷业声誉鹊起,身价倍增。许多陶瓷企业投入巨资,汇聚科研精英,从推行国际环保管理体系标准,到研制生产绿色陶瓷,做了大量的工作;有不少企业还取得了ISO140001国际环境管理体系认证,力争尽快     

瓷质渗花抛光砖的裂砖剖析

１引言 在建筑陶瓷行业,由于不同层次客户的不同需求,目前市场上基本形成以抛光砖、彩釉砖（包括墙砖、地砖）、仿石砖（包括仿古砖、广场砖）以及水晶砖为主导的格局。瓷质渗花抛光砖由于其特殊的工艺要求和工序控制,往往容易产生裂砖缺陷,尤以中心裂和边裂为主。这里,就以砖裂的形式作概括性的剖析。２裂砖的分类及区别 按裂砖的形式及产生的原因,可分为三种：机械裂、热应力裂和釉裂。２．１机械裂 一般而言,机械裂包括由于粉料制备工艺、瘠性原料配比、坯体增强剂、粉料颗粒级配、粉料陈腐时间的不当而在压制过程中出现的生坯裂…     

Hydro deformation in ceramic tiles at the pre-firing stage

The production of ceramic tiles with larger sizes and reduced thickness has increased the challenge of producing high-quality ceramic tiles in short single-firing cycles. For porcelain tiles, the pressing step is of upmost importance for the microstructure of the green bodies. The particle size distribution, mineral composition of the pastes and porosity before firing define the water flow during the decoration process. Hydro deformation is the curvature of unfired ceramic tiles caused by water absorption during the decoration step before firing. In this work, the hydro deformation is studied in function of tile thickness, compaction, and clay composition according to a 2^K factorial design. Two compositions of porcelain tiles (glazed and polished) were pressed at two thicknesses (3–6 mm) and pressing pressures (35.5–49.8 MPa) forming ceramic tiles with 55 × 110 mm² of surface area. Chemical (XRF), mineralogical (XRD), thermogravimetric (TG), specific surface area (BET), granulometric, bulk density, and porosity analyses were performed for the green tiles of both compositions. To simulate the hydro deformation during the decoration step, the curvature (mm) of the tiles was studied within a 0–180 min interval. The water absorption rate through the surface (g.m⁻²·s⁻¹) of the tiles in an interval of 0–180 s was studied as a function of thickness, pressure and porcelain tile composition. As a result, the thickness of the tiles can change the curvatures from concave to convex. Pressing conditions and composition of the tiles can change the water absorption rates. Porcelain tiles with higher content of clay minerals develop convex curvatures. For tiles with lower content of clay minerals, concave curvatures were developed.     

薄型瓷质砖的显微结构研究

采用半干压成型方法制备出厚度小于6mm、吸水率小于0.1%的薄型瓷质砖。分别采用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和万能材料试验机等对所制备的薄型瓷质砖的物相组成、显微结构以及机械性能进行了研究。从生坯压制及烧结过程两个方面,分析了薄型瓷质砖具有更高致密度的产生机理。     

The role of viscosity on microstructure development and stain resistance in porcelain stoneware tiles

Effect of composition on viscosity of porcelain stoneware tiles and role of the viscosity on microstructure development and stain resistance in porcelain stoneware tiles were investigated. The viscosity of the tiles was successfully measured by a thermomechanical analyzer. Na₂O/K₂O ratio was used as a parameter to change the viscosity. As the Na₂O/K₂O ratio increases, the viscosity decreases. This reduction in the viscosity results in improvement of microstructure (i.e., spherical pore morphology and reduced closed porosity) and usually increases the stain resistance significantly. However, too low viscosity may also cause deformation of the tile during production. Therefore, the viscosity of the tiles should be carefully controlled and it should lie between a lower limit (in this study this value is between 10^7.93 and ～10^8.35 P) and an upper limit (in this study this value is 10^8.67 P) to achieve high stain resistant porcelain tiles with no deformation.     

Color matching algorithms in ceramic tile production

In the present work, the possibility of transferring in the ceramic tiles production the know-how developed in the field of the paints by using the Kubelka–Munk theory, in the form used for opaque surface coatings, have been evaluated. Five different target colors have been chosen as target and tried to reproduce with an industrial glaze in a cycle for fine porcelain stoneware tiles. Four industrial pigments have been chosen as basic stains for the formulations. The results show a good efficiency of the color matching algorithm applied to pigments for glazes for fine porcelain stoneware tiles. All the formulations, in fact, have allowed to obtain a value of ΔE^* lower to the accepted limit.     

Numerical and experimental study of ion exchange in porcelain tiles

Recently ion exchange, also known as chemical tempering, has been applied to strengthening of porcelain tiles based on the substitution of ions present in the material by larger ones. This paper investigates the chemical tempering in industrial porcelain tiles by the variation of process parameters such as temperature, immersion time, and chemical composition of the porcelain tile. Furthermore, a numerical simulation of the ionic diffusion process was applied. Using a design of experiments approach, the results show that the temperature and the chemical composition primarily affected the flexural strength of the tile. The largest increment obtained was 37% resulting in a porcelain tile with flexural strength of 73 MPa after chemical tempering. Through numerical simulation, it was possible to estimate a diffusion coefficient of potassium ions equal to 1.25 × 10⁻¹⁴ m²·s⁻¹ into the porcelain tile microstructure. This value is about 10 times higher than the diffusion coefficient in glasses.     

一次烧成大规格超薄瓷质砖的生产工艺及生产过程

在广东科达机电陶瓷工程试验中心进行的具备全部独立知识产权的大规格超薄瓷质砖配方的研制及生产，已取得了圆满成功。本文主要介绍了一次烧成大规格超薄瓷质砖的生产工艺、生产过程及产品的加工性能。     

Process of pyroplastic shaping for special-purpose porcelain stoneware tiles

A novel technique to manufacture special-purpose tiles (i.e. trim pieces, steps, skirting boards, etc.) has been recently developed on the basis of a pyroplastic shaping of porcelain stoneware tiles. This innovative process involves a second firing, peaking at temperatures close to those of sintering, whose effect was investigated by comparing industrially manufactured tiles before and after pyroplastic shaping. Characterization by XRF, XRPD, SEM and standard testing (ISO 10545) put in evidence that pyroplastic bending induced little changes in the water absorption and bulk density values, as in phase composition. Limited variations occurring to closed porosity, mechanical strength and microstructure do not significantly affect the overall technological performance of the special-purpose tiles, which is substantially the same of the original porcelain stoneware tiles. A detailed microstructural characterization was performed for the first time on porcelain stoneware tiles: coarse grains (>10 μm) represent 10–15% of total volume, while fine-grained crystals, dispersed in the glassy phase, amount from 30% to 65% of the viscous matrix. The pyroplastic behaviour was found to depend in a complex way on such microstructural and compositional features, which deeply affect the effective viscosity of the matrix.     

Delayed curvature and residual stresses in porcelain tiles

Most industrial porcelain tiles suffer changes in their curvature after firing: such process is known as delayed curvature. One of the hypotheses used to explain this phenomenon is based on the relaxation of residual stresses by creep. In this study two types of industrial glazed porcelain tiles have been studied. One of them displayed delayed curvature after firing, whereas the other one presented a stable curvature. The main objective was to determine if the delayed curvatures were caused by the residual stresses generated during rapid industrial cooling. Both types of existing residual stresses (thermal stresses, caused by thermal gradients inside the tile during cooling, and body–glaze fit stresses, due to the thermal expansion mismatch between body and glaze) were measured, as well as related samples properties (elastic modulus, creep behaviour, thermal expansion). The results demonstrated that the residual stresses are not the main cause of the delayed curvature phenomenon.     

Chemical tempering of porcelain tiles

This work presents an innovative approach for strengthening porcelain tiles via chemical tempering, which consists in replacing cations with smaller ionic radius by similar cations with larger ionic radius. Na-containing porcelain tiles were immersed into molten KNO₃ bath. A concentration profile of Na and K in the cross section of porcelain tiles to a depth of 200 µm from the surface confirmed the ion exchange. Compressive stresses on the material surface were produced, leading to flexural strength of up to 54.5 MPa (~74% increase) after chemical tempering at 360 °C during 5.5 h.     

陶瓷废料的组成与火山灰活性研究

摘要：通过X射线衍射分析、玻璃相含量测定、28d抗压强度比及火山灰活性等试验,研究了陶瓷玻化砖废料、瓷质废料、炻质废料和陶质花盆四种类型陶瓷废料的组成与火山灰活性,为开拓陶瓷废料的应用提供依据。研究结果表明：陶瓷抛光砖粉与废陶瓷玻化砖尽管主要成分相近,但前者氯含量较高,用于水泥混合材受到限制;几种类型的陶瓷废料均具有火山灰活性,其水泥胶砂28d抗压强度比均高于62％,废陶瓷玻化砖为82．1％,瓷质废料为80．8％,炻质废料为78．3％,陶质废料为77．3％。陶瓷玻化砖废料的玻璃相含量较高,瓷质废料其次,炻质和陶质废料的玻璃相含量较低。玻璃相含量较高的陶瓷废料其水泥胶砂28d抗压强度比．较高。