CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-TiO2熔渣脱氮行为研究

通过FactSage热力学软件计算,探究了1 600℃下CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-TiO_2渣系熔渣成分对熔渣脱氮能力的影响规律。结果表明,各个成分的脱氮能力可表示为TiO_2 SiO_2 Al_2O_3CaO,在相同的氮容量条件下,熔渣需要的碱度随TiO_2含量的增加而增加;分析了w(TiO_2)=0,25%,50%时,脱氮能力相对较好的渣系,依据不同钢种对熔渣碱度的要求,可相应地调整CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-TiO_2渣中TiO_2含量,从而优化熔渣脱氮效果。并通过与实际数据对比,证明利用FactSage软件来预测不同成分熔渣的氮容量变化趋势是可靠的。     

氮在CaO—SiO2—AL2O3渣中行为的研究

本文借助于一系列气相——熔渣平衡试验的数据,对 CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3渣中氮的行为进行了研究。研究表明、氮在渣中的溶解并不是与自由氧离子作用、而是与渣中 SiO_2、Al_2O_3网络结构作用,形成新的 Si-N 或 Al-N 网络而进入渣中。本文获得了渣中 Si_(0.75)N、AIN 的活度系数经验计算公式和熔渣氮容量的经验计算公式,为选择适宜的合成渣组成进行炉渣脱氮提供了依据。     

CaO—SiO2—Al2O3熔渣脱氮的理论探讨

本文借助于一些试验数据和有关的热力学数据,对CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3熔渣脱氮进行理论探讨。结果表明,熔渣脱氮的适宜热力学条件为合适的熔渣组成,钢中较低的a_o和适当低的温度,适宜的熔渣组成为％CaO=35-45,％SiO_2=50-60,％Al_2O_3=0-10。     

含钛高炉渣泡沫稳定性的研究

测定了CaO-SiO_2-TiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO五元系熔渣中TiO_2含量(10～40%)对熔渣表面张力的影响,指出该渣系中TiO_2是表面活性物质。在还原条件下,测定了TiO_2含量及还原时间与熔渣泡沫稳定性的关系,并讨论了表面张力及钛的碳氮化物和碳化物对泡沫稳定性的影响。     

不同碱度低氧化铝精炼渣对弹簧钢夹杂物成分的影响

为了优化55SiCrA弹簧钢中夹杂物的组成和形态,采用热力学软件Factsage分别研究了CaO、SiO_2含量对CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO与CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MnO系相图低熔点区域面积的影响,研究结果表明:随着CaO和SiO_2含量的增加,CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MnO系相图低熔点区域面积分数逐步增大;在CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO系中,当CaO的质量分数为40%,SiO_2的质量分数为50%时,对应相图的低熔点区域面积最大。同时,研究了不同碱度的精炼渣对钢样中夹杂物的影响,结果表明:当精炼渣的Al_2O_3含量相同时,随着精炼渣碱度的增大,夹杂物中Al_2O_3的含量不断增加,其成分逐渐偏离低熔点区域。当精炼渣中Al_2O_3的质量分数为8%,碱度为1.2时,可得到低熔点的塑性夹杂物,形貌多为球形,尺寸在5μm以下。     

基于差热分析对CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3系保护渣结晶动力学的研究

在高铝钢的连铸过程中,CaO-SiO_2系保护渣在与钢中的[Al]反应过后转变为CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3系保护渣,同时液渣结晶能力增强,润滑效果变差。为了控制钢渣反应后形成的CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3系保护渣的结晶行为,利用差热分析研究了保护渣的非等温结晶动力学,基于Avrami方程及Friedman法分析了Li_2O及Na_2O的加入对保护渣的结晶速率、晶体生长方式,及有效结晶活化能的影响。结果表明,Li_2O的加入在降低保护渣结晶温度的同时使结晶速率变慢。此外,Li_2O的加入可以降低保护渣的有效结晶活化能,这表明Li_2O的加入可以使保护渣的结晶变得更容易。当渣中含有8%Na_2O时,Li_2O的加入促进了渣膜中12CaO·Al_2O_3的生成,导致固态渣膜的结晶比升高,这有可能对保护渣的润滑效果带来不利影响。     

含钛高炉渣与生铁间表面张力测定

用浮滴法测定了CaO-SiO_2-TiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO系熔渣与攀钢高炉生铁间的界面张力,讨论了浮滴法测定界面张力时的若干实验技术问题。     

U75V重轨钢生产过程中非金属夹杂物的行为演变

为了研究重轨钢全流程非金属夹杂物的行为演变,进一步控制重轨钢中夹杂物,提高产品质量。以U75V重轨钢为研究对象,通过对LF-VD-CC工艺重轨钢生产全流程系统取样,结合氧氮分析、钢液成分分析、非金属夹杂物分析以及热力学计算,从夹杂物化学成分、数量及尺寸等方面研究其演变过程。结果表明,U75V重轨钢生产全流程氧氮含量持续降低,最终TO、[N]质量分数分别约为0.001 0%和0.004 0%;LF进站主要为MnO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3型夹杂物,为脱氧产物;LF精炼化渣后,MnO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3型夹杂物转化为CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3型夹杂物,BaCaSi和FeSi等合金辅料带入的Ca、Als是产生该结果的主要原因;LF离站时主要为CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO型夹杂物,夹杂物中CaO和MgO含量增加;VD精炼过程CaO-Al_2O_3-MgO型夹杂物基本消失,VD破空至铸坯中主要为CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3型夹杂物;钢轨中镁铝尖晶石类夹杂物比例增加,为CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO型夹杂物,热力学计算结果表明钢轨中尖晶石类夹杂物为降温冷却过程中形成,且计算值与实际值总体吻合。     

TiO_2,Cr_2O_3和熔剂对CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3渣系物性的影响

采用最大气泡压力法、旋丝法和半球点法,分别测定了二十五个按正交原则设计的,以CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3为基的熔渣的表面张力、粘流活化能和熔点。讨论了CaF_2,Na_2CO_3,Na_2B_4O_7,TiO_2,Cr_2O_3和碱度R对上述物性的影响。对实验结果作了理论分析。     

添加剂对CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3系熔渣性质的影响

在CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3系碱度为0.38～O.9的范围内,测定了添加剂Na_2O、CaF_2和B_2O_3对其熔化温度、粘度、密度和表面张力的影响,添加剂的加入量为2～15％.文章中简述了几个性质的测定方法,对粘度、表面张力等性质在固体保护渣中的作用进行了讨论.     

Phosphorus Capacity of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FexO Slag

The CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FexO slag occurs in the production process of Corex ironmaking technology.Most of its metallurgical properties,especially the phosphorus property,are different from the slag produced from blast furnace or converter.In order to explore the dephosphorization ability of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FexO slag,its phosphorus capacity was measured at 1 673 Kby gas-slag-metal equilibrium technique.An iron crucible was used as the reaction vessel,Ag alloy with 0.2% P was used as the metal phase which equilibrated with CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO-FexO slag,and a constant flow of CO-CO2-N2 gas was used to provide oxygen partial pressure in the experiment.The effects of MgO,FexO and basicity on slag phosphorus capacity were investigated by single factor test.The results show that the phosphorus capacity rises firstly and then decreases with increasing MgO content under the condition of basicity 1.3,FexO content of 2% and Al2O3 content of 12%.The phosphorus value reaches maximum as the MgO content is 8%.When the basicity of slag is 1.1,MgO content is 10%,and Al2O3 is 12%,the phosphorus capacity increases with the increase of FexO content.The phosphorus capacity rises linearly when the basicity is increased from 1.1to 1.5.     

熔渣中BaO和TiO2对钢液氮含量的影响

 为了研究熔渣中BaO和TiO2含量对钢液氮含量的影响,选用CaO SiO2 Al2O3系碱性渣作为基本成分,在此基础上添加BaO和TiO2,观察它们对钢液氮含量的影响。结果表明：在渣中添加BaO和TiO2可促进钢液脱氮,且钢液中氮含量随渣中BaO和TiO2含量的增加呈线性下降。     

Thermodynamics of nitrogen in CaO-SiO2-AI2O3 slags and its reaction with Fe-Csat. melts

The solubility of nitrogen as the nitride ion in CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ slags in equilibrium with N₂-CO gas mixtures and carbon was measured at 1823 K. The nitride capacity (C _N3-) was calculated to compare the nitrogen contents measured under different nitrogen and oxygen potentials.C _N3- decreased with increasing basicity and by replacing SiO₂ with A1₂O₃. The nitrogen partition ratio between carbon saturated iron and the slag was measured in CO gas at one atmosphere at 1823 K. By comparing the partition ratios with the corresponding nitride capacities measured by the gas-slag experiments, it was concluded that the oxygen partial pressure at the slag-metal interface was controlled by the Fe-FeO reaction. A new definition of nitride capacity was proposed based on the reaction between nitrogen and the network former,i.e., SiO₂ or A1₂O₃. This capacity could consistently explain the experimental results. Empirical equations were derived to estimate the activity coefficients of silicon and aluminum nitrides in the slags. On leave of absence from the Research Institute of Mineral Dressing and Metallurgy, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.     

CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3渣系脱磷行为

利用Factsage软件计算了Al2O3含量对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3四元渣系熔点和黏度的影响,并通过实验研究了在1 400℃时,CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3四元渣系对高磷铁水脱磷行为的影响.结果表明:渣中Al2O3的质量分数在3％～6％之间时,随着A12O3含量的增加,渣系的熔化温度迅速降低,进一步增加渣中的A12O3含量,渣系的熔化温度逐渐增加;Al2O3对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-Fe2O3渣系的黏度影响不大;渣中Al2O3的质量分数在3％～6％之间变化时,渣系脱磷能力变化不是很大,脱磷率维持在91％左右,进一步增加渣系中A12O3的量,脱磷率逐渐下降;Al2O3对脱磷率产生影响可能是其改变了炉渣中液相所占比例,进而影响磷从铁水中向液相渣的传质过程.     

Thermodynamics of nitrogen in CaO-SiO2-AI2O3 slags and its reaction with Fe-Csat. melts

The solubility of nitrogen as the nitride ion in CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ slags in equilibrium with N₂-CO gas mixtures and carbon was measured at 1823 K. The nitride capacity (C _N3-) was calculated to compare the nitrogen contents measured under different nitrogen and oxygen potentials.C _N3- decreased with increasing basicity and by replacing SiO₂ with A1₂O₃. The nitrogen partition ratio between carbon saturated iron and the slag was measured in CO gas at one atmosphere at 1823 K. By comparing the partition ratios with the corresponding nitride capacities measured by the gas-slag experiments, it was concluded that the oxygen partial pressure at the slag-metal interface was controlled by the Fe-FeO reaction. A new definition of nitride capacity was proposed based on the reaction between nitrogen and the network former,i.e., SiO₂ or A1₂O₃. This capacity could consistently explain the experimental results. Empirical equations were derived to estimate the activity coefficients of silicon and aluminum nitrides in the slags. On leave of absence from the Research Institute of Mineral Dressing and Metallurgy, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.     

二元碱度和Al_2O_3对CaO-SiO_2-FeO-Fe_2O_3-P_2O_5-Al_2O_3-MgO-MnO钢渣中磷酸盐富集的影响

以八元CaO-SiO_2-FeO-Fe_2O_3-P_2O_5-Al_2O_3-MgO-MnO钢渣体系为研究对象,结合热力学计算和实验检测,分析了二元碱度B和Al_2O_3含量对八元钢渣系中磷酸盐富集行为的影响。结果表明:钢渣二元碱度和Al_2O_3含量直接影响钢渣中f-C2S的生成量,进而影响磷酸盐富集相nC_2S-C_3P内P_2O_5的含量。随着二元碱度从1.3提高至2.5,磷酸盐富集率增大,磷酸盐富集相nC2S-C3P中的P_2O_5含量呈现先迅速增大(B从1.3至1.7),然后逐渐减小(B从1.8至2.5)的趋势。当二元碱度和Al_2O_3质量分数分别控制在1.7和12%时,即当满足四元碱度R为1.23时,此八元钢渣体系有较好的磷酸盐富集效果,磷酸盐富集相nC_2S-C_3P内的P_2O_5的质量分数可以达到24.23%。     

A study of nitrogen solubility in Na2O‐B2O3 slag

The nitrogen solubility and nitride capacity of a Na₂O‐B₂O₃ slag system were investigated in a concentration range of Na₂O mass contents up to 40 % at 1373K. The solubility of nitrogen in Na₂O‐B₂O₃ slag was found to be proportional to the oxygen partial pressure to the power of ?3/4, and it was also found to increase with increasing reaction temperature. The nitride capacity of the slag decreased with increasing Na₂O content. From the experimental results it was concluded that nitrogen dissolution into Na₂O‐B₂O₃ slags (Na₂O mass contents < 40 %) occurs by its reaction with both free oxygen ions and with oxygen ions incorporated with the network.     

CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO夹杂物控制影响因素的多尺度结构

 对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO夹杂物熔点的影响因素进行了多尺度分析,利用Factsage模拟了CaO质量分数对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO夹杂物熔点的影响规律。多尺度分析表明,工位操作（101 m）影响夹杂物成分（10-10 m）的最后可控因素为钙线喂入量。其通过影响局部钢液中钙质量分数（100 m）来改善熔池的动力学条件（10-3 m）,改变夹杂物中CaO质量分数（10-10 m）。模拟结果表明,当CaO质量分数为30%时,CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO相图中低熔点区域的比例达到最大。通过实例分析得到了夹杂物控制的工位级效应,表明了对钢液洁净度进行多尺度深入研究的可行性。     

帘线钢中CaO-SiO2-Al2O3类夹杂物成分的控制

对帘线钢中CaO-SiO2-Al2O3类夹杂物CaO与SiO2的比值和Al2O3含量进行了研究,并且通过热力学计算对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3系塑性夹杂物的生成条件进行了讨论。结果表明：生产帘线钢时,为了得到塑性良好的夹杂物,钢液的氧活度应控制在0．0056～0．0113,而酸溶铝含量应控制在0．00010％～0．00025％范围内。