热处理对TB9合金力学性能及显微组织的影响

TB9合金属于亚稳型β钛合金,热处理强化效果明显,抗腐蚀性强、本文研究了固溶处理、固溶+时效处理对TB9合金力学性能和显微组织的影响,结果表明：经过800℃-900℃固溶处理后,TB9合金强度随固溶温度提高逐渐下降,塑性变化不明显;超过820℃固溶处理时,β晶粒尺寸迅速长大; 800℃-900℃固溶处理后对时效态TB9合金强度影响不明显;塑性随固溶温度上升明显下降,延伸率从15%降低到10%,面缩率从37.5%下降到20%以下;经过820℃/30min、WQ+520℃/8h、AC固溶时效处理后α相充分析出,合金性能稳定。     

热处理制度对TB3钛合金组织及性能的影响

研究了热处理制度对TB3钛合金组织及力学性能的影响.结果发现,TB3钛合金经800～820℃固溶后,室温拉伸时合金具有较高的强度和优异的塑性,且随固溶温度的升高,强度降低,塑性增加;固溶并时效后合金具有很高的强度及较好的塑性,且随时效温度的升高,合金强度显著降低、塑性增加.     

热处理工艺对Cu-Ag-Cr合金性能的影响

研究了不同固溶温度、时效参数和变形量对Cu-0.1Ag-0.61Cr合金性能的影响.结果表明合金显微硬度随固溶温度升高而降低,导电率反而升高.合金经980℃×20 min固溶后,在480℃时效1 h可获得较高的导电率和硬度.时效前对合金加以冷变形可以显著提高其显微硬度,合金经60%变形后在480℃时效30 min时,可获得良好的综合性能.     

固溶温度对TB8钛合金组织及性能的影响

研究了固溶温度对TB8钛合金显微组织及力学性能的影响.结果表明,随固溶温度的升高,合金β晶粒明显长大;合金固溶态强度略有降低,塑性逐渐升高;合金固溶+时效处理后,β晶界及晶粒内部均匀弥散析出大量次生α相颗粒,强度呈上升趋势,塑性明显降低.TB8钛合金在770 ～ 830℃温度范围内固溶后,具有较高的强度和优异的塑性,经520℃时效后,综合性能优异,抗拉强度＞ 1300 MPa,伸长率＞15％,断面收缩率＞55％.     

Effect of Phase Transformation Conditions on the Microstructure and Shear Performance of TB8 Titanium Alloy

研究了TB8钛合金在不同热处理条件下的组织转变规律,并通过剪切实验分析了显微组织差异对于该合金剪切行为的影响。结果表明,热处理条件会影响TB8钛合金的显微组织,也会影响剪切变形行为。随着固溶处理温度升高,合金的晶粒明显变大,析出物的形貌也发生变化,剪切变形变得困难。固溶处理之后的时效温度对合金的剪切变形行为也有显著影响,在840 ℃固溶处理1 h之后,如果接着进行450 ℃/8 h时效处理,合金剪切变形所需的驱动力会降低;如果把时效热处理的温度提高到550 ℃,甚至更高（保温时间不变）,那么剪切变形就会发生穿晶断裂。根据剪切检测结果可知,合金经过840 ℃/1 h固溶处理接着再进行500 ℃/8 h的时效处理可以获得优异的剪切性能,而且具有合理的显微组织。     

相变条件对TB8钛合金显微组织及剪切性能的影响(英文)

研究了TB8钛合金在不同热处理条件下的组织转变规律,并通过剪切实验分析了显微组织差异对于该合金剪切行为的影响。结果表明,热处理条件会影响TB8钛合金的显微组织,也会影响剪切变形行为。随着固溶处理温度升高,合金的晶粒明显变大,析出物的形貌也发生变化,剪切变形变得困难。固溶处理之后的时效温度对合金的剪切变形行为也有显著影响,在840℃固溶处理1 h之后,如果接着进行450℃/8 h时效处理,合金剪切变形所需的驱动力会降低;如果把时效热处理的温度提高到550℃,甚至更高(保温时间不变),那么剪切变形就会发生穿晶断裂。根据剪切检测结果可知,合金经过840℃/1 h固溶处理接着再进行500℃/8 h的时效处理可以获得优异的剪切性能,而且具有合理的显微组织。     

热加工工艺对TB3合金组织和固溶态性能的影响

研究了热加工温度和变形量对TB3钛合金显微组织和固溶态力学性能的影响。试验结果表明,当热加工温度为750℃时,提高热加工变形量不利于固溶态TB3钛合金的力学性能;当热加工温度为800℃时,提高热加工变形量可以使固溶态TB3钛合金获得更好的力学性能。     

钛合金薄壁筒形件热旋成形技术研究

采用TA15钛合金开展钛合金薄壁筒形件热旋成形技术研究,针对钛合金热旋过程中出现的典型缺陷进行形成机理和控制方法研究,成功地旋制出了质量良好的BT20钛合金大型薄壁筒形件.研究表明,钛合金薄壁筒形件热旋成形的关键是保证金属旋压时变形流动的均匀性,其直接受到热旋加热方式、旋压工艺参数和成形模具等因素的影响.BT20钛合金合适的旋压温度范围为600～700℃,当坯料较厚时温度可稍高以防止裂纹,而坯料较薄时旋压温度可适当降低以防止坯料隆起;钛合金筒形件壁厚越薄,越容易产生鼓包和褶皱等成形缺陷,尤其是当厚径比(t/D)小于1%时,应采用较小的道次减薄率以防止局部失稳;采用较小的工作角和较大的旋轮圆角半径有利于促进旋压变形的均匀性.     

热处理对Mg-Sm-Zn-Zr合金组织、散热性能和力学性能的影响

采用正交试验设计法研究了固溶时间、时效温度和时效时间三因素对Mg-5. 0Sm-0. 6Zn-0. 5Zr(质量分数,%)合金组织、散热性能和力学性能的影响及其显著性。结果表明,各因素对合金组织影响的主次顺序为固溶时间时效温度时效时间,对合金散热性能影响的主次顺序为时效时间时效温度固溶时间,对合金力学性能影响最显著的为时效温度,固溶时间和时效时间影响相对较弱。采用固溶温度520℃、固溶时间4 h,时效温度180℃、时效时间40 h的热处理工艺能使合金获得较好的散热性能。采用固溶温度520℃、固溶时间8h,时效温度200℃、时效时间10 h的热处理工艺能使合金获得较好的力学性能。而采用固溶温度520℃、固溶时间4 h,时效温度200℃、时效时间40 h时,合金可以获得较好的综合性能。     

固溶处理及预拉伸变形对2197铝锂合金组织与性能的影响

通过金相、扫描电镜、拉伸和断裂韧性试验等分析测试手段,研究了固溶处理温度及预拉伸变形量对2197铝锂合金板材组织和性能的影响。结果表明,2197铝锂合金在490～580℃温度范围内固溶再时效后,其强度随固溶处理温度的升高先增大后减小,强度峰值出现在540℃。当固溶处理温度高于565℃时,合金出现了再结晶现象。但是,合金在490～580℃固溶处理过程中均未出现明显的过烧现象。固溶处理后进行预拉伸变形可以有效提高合金的强度。综合考虑合金的强韧匹配,2197合金板材较优的固溶和预拉伸变形量分别为540℃×1.5 h和2%～5%。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。