细粒煤浮选数学模型的研究

通过大量试验,研究了浮选泡沫产品中细粒煤含量与水量关系,探讨了浮选过程中水流的机械夹带对细粒煤浮选的影响,考察了水浮选速率常数Ｋｗ 与操作变量之间的关系,得出了水浮选速率常数与操作变量之间的经验公式,确定了水量回收模型,从而最终建立了细粒煤产率与回收水量之间关系的动力学模型．通过引入降灰系数,导出了任一浮选时刻对应的细粒浮选精煤灰分的计算公式．     

An Entrapment Model of Water Flow on Fine Coal Flotation

Effect of entrapment of water flow on fine coal flotation was studied. The relation between constant of water flotation rate and flotation time was investigated and the water recycling model determined. The entrapment model of water flow about the relation between the recovery of fine particle and that of water in concentration was established. Finally, the equation about ash in fine clean coal at any time was derived by introducing a de-ashing coefficient.     

细粒煤浮选动力学特性研究

研究了不同密度级细粒煤泥浮选动力学特性和变化规律，讨论了浮选药剂添加量对浮选速度的影响关系，建立了煤泥浮选速率常数κ与煤泥的密度、捕收剂添加量及起泡剂添加量之间的数学模型，并利用不同密度级的浮选速率常数和修正的连续浮选动力学模型对实际浮选生产结果进行了预测，结果表明：修正的连续浮选动力学模型可靠、预测精度高。     

Nanobubble generation and its applications in froth flotation(part Ⅳ): mechanical cells and specially designed column flotation of coal

Coal is the world's most abundant fossil fuel.Coal froth flotation is a widely used cleaning process to separate coal from mineral impurities.Flotation of coarse coal particles,ultrafine coal particles and oxidized coal particles is well known to be difficult and complex.In this paper,the nanobubbles' effects on the flotation of the varying particle size,particle density and floatability coal samples were evaluated using a bank of pilot scale flotation cells,a laboratory scale and a pilot scale specially designed flotation column.The parameters evaluated during this study include the flow rate ratio between the nanobubble generator and the conventional size bubble generator,the superficial air velocity,collector dosage,frother concentration,flotation feed rate,feed solids concentration,feed particle size,and the superficial wash water flow rate,etc.The results show that the use of nanobubbles in a bank of mechanical cells flotation and column flotation increased the flotation recovery by 8%～27% at a given product grade.Nanobubbles increased the flotation rate constants of 600～355,355～180,180～75,and 75～0 microns size coal particles by 98.0%,98.4%,50.0% and 41.6%,respectively.The separation selectivity index was increased by up to 34%,depending on the flotation feed characteristics and the flotation conditions.     

Flotation and adsorption of quaternary ammonium salts collectors on kaolinite of different particle size

The flotation behaviors of decyltrimethylammonium (103C), dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DTAC), tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride (TTAC) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) on kaolinite of different particle size fraction were studied. The adsorbed amount and adsorption isotherms of collectors on kaolinite were determined for painstaking investigation into the adsorption of quaternary amines at kaolinite–water interface by ultraviolet spectrophotometer methods. The flotation results show that the flotation recovery of kaolinite of different particle fraction increases with an increase in pH when 103C, DTAC, TTAC and CTAC are used as collectors. As the concentration of collectors increases, the flotation recovery increases. Particle size of kaolinite has a strong effect on flotation. The flotation recovery of fine kaolinite decreases with the carbon chain of quaternary ammonium salts collectors increasing, while coarse kaolinite is on the contrary. The adsorbed amount tests and adsorption isotherms show that adsorbed amount increases when the particle size of kaolinite increases or when the carbon chain length of quaternary ammonium salts increases. Within the range of flotation collector concentration, the longer the hydrocarbon chain, the more probable to be absolutely adsorbed by fine kaolinite particles and then the lower the collector concentration in the bulk, which leds to lower flotation recovery.     

Nanobubble generation and its applications in froth flotation(part Ⅱ):fundamental study and theoretical analysis

Froth flotation is a commonly employed technology to improve the quality of raw coal and minerals.Coal and minerals particle size and surface hydrophobicity are two main parameters that affect three key steps in froth flotation process:particle-bubble collision,adhesion,and detachment.This paper fundamentally investigated the effects of nanobubble on coal and phosphate flotation.It has been found that the presence of nanobubble in flotation pulp could widen the coal and phosphate flotation particle size range,increase the particle surface hydrophobicity,and thus improve the coal and phosphate froth flotation recovery.     

Nanobubble generation and its applications in froth flotation (part Ⅱ):fundamental study and theoretical analysis

Froth flotation is a commonly employed technology to improve the quality of raw coal and minerals. Coal and minerals particle size and surface hydrophobicity are two main parameters that affect three key steps in froth flotation process: particle-bubble collision, adhesion, and detachment. This paper fundamentally investigated the effects of nanobubble on coal and phosphate flotation. It has been found that the presence of nanobubble in flotation pulp could widen the coal and phosphate flotation particle size range, increase the particle surface hydrophobicity, and thus improve the coal and phosphate froth flotation recovery.     

纳米泡提高细粒煤浮选效果的研究

泡沫浮选槽中微细粒级低效浮选的原因是颗粒与气泡的碰撞概率低,而粗颗粒浮选回收差的原因是大量颗粒从气泡上脱落,采用文丘里管产生纳米泡,研究了利用纳米泡提高细粒煤浮选效果的机理,结果表明:纳米泡浮选过程中,纳米泡会优先聚集在疏水性颗粒表面,通过调整给料速度、捕收剂添加量等浮选条件,可燃体回收率提高10%～30%,纳米泡起到了辅助捕收的作用,并可以减少药剂用量1/3～1/2.     

Comparative filtration and dewatering behavior of vitrinite and inertinite of bituminous coal: Experiment and simulation study

The filtration and dewatering of fine clean coal not only ensure industrial water recycle in coal washing plant, but also reduce the moisture of coal product in order to meet the requirements of combustion or coking industry. Fine clean coal is mainly composed by organic matter, and the property difference of different organic matter determines the filtration and dewatering behavior. In this investigation, vitrinite and inertinite were separated from a clean bituminous coal, and the comparative filtration and dewatering behavior of vitrinite and inertinite were conducted. The results showed that inertinite has lower dewatering rate and higher filter cake moisture than vitrinite. The analysis of filter cake structure showed that inertinite particle is easier to be broken into small particles due to the difference of mechanical properties, thus forming more compact filter cake than vitrinite. The analysis of particle surface properties showed that vitrinite is more hydrophobic than inertinite, which makes water easier drained from filter cake. The simulation study showed that the structure of inertinite is more porous than that of vitrinite,and the interaction between inertinite and water is stronger than that between vitrinite and water. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving coal dewatering by selectively improving coal maceral hydrophobicity.     

Parametric study of electrostatic separation of South African fine coal

The fact that water requirements are a major problem for present and future developments in material beneficiation, and the construction of a new power plant in South Africa, forms the basis for the utilization of a Rotary Triboelectrostatic Separator (RTS) for beneficiation of South African pulverized coal. The cleaning potential of Majuba and Koorfontein coal was first evaluated using kinetic froth flotation tests on the -177μm coal fraction. The RTS tests were conducted under varied process parameters. Parameters such as applied separating voltage, air injection velocity, particle feed rate and splitter position were investigated. Two stage separation results show that the RTS reduced Majuba coal initially containing about 30% ash to a clean product of 14.30%, or 19.46%, ash at a combustible recovery of 15.10%, or 53.02%, respectively. Similar separation performance was also achieved with the Koorfontein coal. The mineral and organic compositions in the feed, after single stage and after the second stage separations were characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis. The results show a better separation for the second stage coal products.     

乳化液稳定剂PHP对小于0.1mm煤泥浮选的影响

论述了部分水解体聚丙烯酰胺ＰＨＰ与乳化剂联合作用对浮选的影响．用油酸钠乳化液、油酸钠煤油乳化液以及ＰＨＰ进行了煤泥浮选的对比试验及正交试验,试验结果表明,加入由非离子型的ＲＭ－１乳化剂制取的煤油乳化液与ＰＨＰ,不仅可以节约煤油用量,提高浮选精煤产率,而且可以改善细粒煤泥浮选选择性;用阴离子型的油酸钠作乳化剂制取的煤油乳化液与ＰＨＰ联合作用,虽可节约煤油用量,但浮选选择性降低     

SFC型充填式浮选柱的研究及应用

国内外大量研究结果表明充填式浮选柱是一种可供选矿、化工、造纸和废水处理等行业用于精选细粒矿物、粉煤除灰脱硫及其它物料分离的设备,与目前所用的浮选设备相比,具有结构简单,能耗低、分选效率高、操作容易等优点。     

工业废水水煤浆燃烧特性的热分析综合研究

用TG－DTG－DTA（热重－微分热重－差热）热分析技术研究了工业废水煤的燃烧特性并与煤粉燃烧特性进行了比较,结果表明：工业废水水煤浆在着火温度,燃尽温度方法比煤粉低;水煤浆燃烧速度最大时的湿度略高于煤粉燃烧速度最大时的温度;水煤浆中挥发物与固定碳发热量之比与煤粉基本一致工略高;说明用工业废水生产水煤浆是可行的。     

Study on Non-Collision Mineralizing Mechanism of Froth Cyclone

On the basis of the mineralizing mechanism of froth cyclone, this paper expounds that the froth cyclone flotation process is accomplished in a limited centrifugal field. The main feature of air bubble mineralizing in the froth cyclone is a synthetic mineralizing process, of which the non-collision mineralization of minute air bubble separated out dominates, supplemented with the collision mineralization. Moreover, this paper points out that the hydrophobic separated out and centrifugal force strengthen the selectivity of fine coal particle, accelerate the flotation speed and improve the slime recovery.     

浮选精煤的恒压过滤方程

简要论述了浮选精煤的过滤性质,通过研究过滤过程中的过滤速度,系统地推导出了待定常数的恒压过滤过程。对某种浮选精煤试样进行了过滤脱水和滤饼脱水试验,详细介绍了试验装置、试验步骤、试验条件、试验结果和过滤常数的确定过程,最终给出了试验媒浆的恒压过滤方程,可为精煤压滤机的设计、选和调试提供参考。     

用浮选精煤过滤方程确定压滤机的工艺参数

讨论了浮选精煤压滤机在最大生产能力下 ,过滤时间与辅助时间的关系 ,阐述了在已知浮选精煤过滤方程时 ,过滤时间、过滤面积和滤室厚度等工艺参数的设计原理和设计方法 .通过一般算例说明 ,目前的浮选精煤压滤机应适当增加过滤时间和滤室厚度 .     

颗粒气泡的匹配关系对细粒锡石浮选的影响

针对细粒锡石难以分选的问题,采用改进的Hallimond管对不同粒级细粒锡石的浮选行为进行研究,并采用电解H2浮选和高速摄影仪研究颗粒与气泡间的匹配关系.在确定捕收剂用量和pH值的条件下,对颗粒粒度、电解条件(如阴极孔径、电流强度等)对锡石浮选回收率的影响进行了探索,考察了气泡大小变化及分布规律,探索了颗粒与气泡间相互作用.结果表明,颗粒粒度、阴极孔径、电流强度均对浮选回收率有很大影响;颗粒与气泡间有一个最佳匹配范围,在这个范围内,颗粒气泡捕集概率最大,浮选回收率较高.当pH约为4.5,MOS用量为100mg/L时,锡石矿物浮选效果较好.     

CFD model simulation of bubble surface area flux in flotation column reactor in presence of minerals

Bubble surface area flux(S_b) is one of the main design parameter in flotation column that typically employed to describe the gas dispersion properties, and it has a strong correlation with the flotation rate constant. There is a limited information available in the literature regarding the effect of particle type,density, wettability and concentration on Sb. In this paper, computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulations are performed to study the gas–liquid–solid three-phase flow dynamics in flotation column by employing the Eulerian–Eulerian formulation with k-e turbulence model. The model is developed by writing Fortran subroutine and incorporating then into the commercial CFD code AVL FIRE, v.2014.This paper studies the effects of superficial gas velocities and particle type, density, wettability and concentration on Sband bubble concentration in the flotation column. The model has been validated against published experimental data. It was found that the CFD model was able to predict, where the response variable as indicated by R-Square value of 0.98. These results suggest that the developed CFD model is reasonable to describe the flotation column reactor. From the CFD results, it is also found that Sb decreased with increasing solid concentration and hydrophobicity, but increased with increasing superficial gas velocity. For example, approximately 28% reduction in the surface area flux is observed when coal concentration is increased from 0 to 10%, by volume. While for the same solid concentration and gas flow rate, the bubble surface area flux is approximately increased by 7% in the presences of sphalerite.A possible explanation for this might be that increasing solid concentration and hydrophobicity promotes the bubble coalescence rate leading to the increase in bubble size. Also, it was found that the bubble concentration would decrease with addition of hydrophobic particle(i.e., coal). For instance, under the same operating conditions, approximately 23% reduction in the bubble concentration is predicted when the system was working with hydrophobic particles. The results presented are useful for understanding flow dynamics of three-phase system and provide a basis for further development of CFD model for flotation column.     

澳大利亚微细粒级磷矿浮选试验

对澳大利亚某地微细粒级磷矿进行浮选试验,将水玻璃、碳酸钠和调整剂L2添加点前移,与矿石一起磨矿充分混匀后,在矿浆质量分数为19%时进行浮选.试验结果为精矿P2O5品位30.56%,精矿产率88.02%,回收率97.01%.     

Physical properties and ?lter cake structure of ?ne clean coal from flotation简

In order to improve the dewatering rate and the effect of fine clean coal (FCC), the advanced method of fine coal (−0.5 mm) dewatering and the correlated basic theory were investigated in this study. It was found that the dewatering by sleeve type press filter was an efficient way of FCC dewatering. On the other hand, the results also proved that particle size distribution, volatile matter, ash content, pore size distribution and specific surface area of coal particles of FCC samples, as well as viscosity and density of FCC slurry, were important parameters in determining the process of efficient dewatering. Especially, wet mass to dry mass, specific resistance of average mass, compressibility factor and microstructure of filter cake explained the reasons and mechanisms of fine clean coal efficient dewatering.