Standard energies of combustion and standard enthalpies of formation for the complexes RE （Et2dtc）3（phen） （RE = Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu）

The treatment of RECl3.xH2O （RE = Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu; x = 3-4） with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate （NaEtEdtc-3H2O） and 1,10-phenanthroline hydrate （o-phen.H2O） in absolute ethanol yielded five ternary solid complexes RE（EtEdtC）a（phen）. IR spectra of the complexes showed that RE^3＋ coordinated to two sulfur atoms in NaEt2dtc and two nitrogen atoms in o-phen. The constant-volume energies of combustion of the complexes have been determined by a precise rotating-bomb calorimeter at 298.15 K. The standard enthalpies of combustion and standard enthalpies of formation were calculated.     

Crystal structure of R3Ge4 compounds (R Er, Ho, Tm, Lu)

The crystal structure of binary germanides R₃Ge₄ (R Er, Ho, Tm, Lu) has been determined by means of powder X-ray diffraction. For Er₃Ge₄ a full-structure determination has been performed using the Rietveld method (306 reflections, space group Cmcm,

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). The location of the atoms in Er₃Ge₄ is similar to that in the W₃CoB₃ structure, with the Ge atoms substituting for Co and B. For the other R₃Ge₄ compounds (RHo, Tm and Lu) the lattice parameters are given.     

Cr与RE（Tm,Er,Ho）共掺的YAG单晶光纤的生长

探讨了用激光加热基座（ＬＨＰＧ）法生长ＲＥ（Ｔｍ，Ｈｏ，Ｅｒ）：ＹＡＧ和（Ｃｒ，ＲＥ）：ＹＡＧ优质单晶光纤（ＳＣＦ）的工艺，测定了光纤的吸收谱和荧光谱。结果表明，以经粉末压制、焙烧并经ＬＨＰＧ法快速（３—６ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ）生长成的２ｍｍ多晶圆棒为源棒，在合适的拉速（小于以单晶棒为源棒的拉速）下，可以生长出优质的单晶光纤。其光学性能与大块晶体相同。     

Magnetic structures of R2RhSi3 (R=Ho, Er) compounds

Powder X-ray and neutron diffraction and magnetic measurements have been performed on R₂RhSi₃ (R=Ho and Er) compounds at low temperatures. The compounds crystallize in a derivative of the hexagonal AlB₂-type structure. The crystal structure parameters have been refined on the basis of the X-ray and neutron diffraction patterns collected in the paramagnetic region. These compounds are antiferromagnets with Néel temperatures of 5.2 K for Ho₂RhSi₃ and 5 K for Er₂RhSi₃. Both compounds exhibit collinear magnetic structures, described by the propagation vector k=(1/2,0,0) for Ho₂RhSi₃ and k=(0,0,0) for Er₂RhSi₃. This magnetic order is stable in the temperature range between 1.5 K and the Néel temperature.     

A2W3O12（A=Y, Er, Ho, Yb）型稀土钨酸盐的高温XRD研究及结构精修

用高温固相反应法制备出A_2W_3O_(12) 型稀土钨酸盐材料(A=Y,Er,Ho,Yb),用室温及高温XRD测定其在不同温度下的结构、晶胞参数及晶胞体积,并用TOPSA软件对其结构进行精修.发现除HO_2W_3O_(12)外,都具有较大的负热膨胀系数.据A. W. Sleight预测,HO_2W_3O_(12)具有较大的负热膨胀特性,但本实验却发现它并没有负热膨胀性,反而具有非常大的正热膨胀系数.     

Magnetic ordering in ternary RMn2Ge2 compounds (R = Tb, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu) from neutron diffraction study

The compounds RMn₂Ge₂ (R = Tb, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu) have been investigated by neutron diffraction. TbMn₂Ge₂ is a collinear ferrimagnet with the Mn and Tb moment aligned along the c axis (μ_TB = 8.81(59) μ_B: μ_Mn = 2.21(44) μ_B). HoMn₂Ge₂ exhibits incommensurale ordering below 2.1 K characterized by two wavevectors at 1.3 K: q₁ = (0.1543(4), 0.1543(4), 0) and q₂ = (0.210(1), 0.007(1), 0). The Mn sublattice remains antiferromagnetic down to 1.3 K (μ_Mn = 2.38(6) μ_B). The Er moments order ferromagnetically below 5.5 K in ErMn₂Ge₂ (μ_Mn = 6.81(31) μ_B). The moments are perpendicular to the c axis. The Mn sublattice remains antiferromagnetic down to 1.8 K (μ_Mn = 2.34(18) μ_B). The magnetic structure of TmMn₂Ge₂ is characterized by the propagation vector (0.0.1/2). the Tm moments lying in the basal plane. The ordering of the Tm moments yields a canting of the Mn moments (τ = 21(3)°); μ_Tm = 6.63(18) μ_B; μ_Mn = 2.28(27) μ_B). The antiferromagnetic structure of LuMn₂Ge₂ has been determined (μ_Mn = 2.32(14) μ_B). The evolution of the magnetic properties of the heavy rare earth compounds RMn₂Ge₂ is discussed.     

The origin of the large magnetocaloric effect in RCo2 (R=Er, Ho and Dy)

The phase transitions of the RCo₂ (R=Er, Ho and Dy) compounds are of first-order type and a metamagnetic transition is observed above the Curie temperature. Owing to their large magnetic entropy change, the RCo₂ compounds are competitive candidates as the working substance for magnetic refrigeration. In this paper we discuss the origin of this large magnetic entropy change.     

Crystal structures of R2Pd2Pb (R = Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu) compounds

The crystal structures of the R₂Pd₂Pb (R=Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu) compounds were determined using X-ray powder diffraction. The investigated compounds crystallize with Mo₂FeB₂ structure type (space group P4/mbm, Pearson code tP10). The importance of stabilization by polar intermetallic R–Pd bonding is underscored by a bonding analysis derived from electronic band structure calculations.     

The crystal structure of R10Co9In20 (R=Er, Tm, Lu) compounds

New ternary indides R₁₀Co₉In₂₀ (R=Er, Tm, Lu) have been found in the systems {Er, Tm, Lu}–Co–In at 870 K. The crystal structure of Tm₁₀Co₉In₂₀ has been refined using single-crystal X-ray data: Ho₁₀Ni₉In₂₀ structure type, P4/nmm space group, Z=2, a=13.166(5) Å, c=9.097(4) Å, V=1577(2) ų, R=0.0315 for 335 unique reflections hkl (DARTCH-1 diffractometer, MoK_α radiation). The coordination polyhedra of the Tm atoms have 16 and 17 vertices, those of the In atoms 12 and 13 vertices and those of the Co atoms 8 and 10 vertices. The structure can be described as a stacking of polyhedra formed by In atoms.     

Large reversible magnetocaloric effect in the RECoC2 (RE=Ho and Er) compounds

The crystal structure, magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of HoCoC₂ and ErCoC₂ have been investigated. They both crystallize in orthorhombic CeNiC₂-type structure with Amm2 space group and a second-order paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition around the Curie temperature T_C ∼11 K and ∼14 K occurred in them. Under the magnetic field change (ΔH) of 0–5 T, the maximal values of magnetic entropy change, refrigerant capacity and relative cooling power are 15.6 J/kg K, 183 J/kg, 242 J/kg for HoCoC₂ and 17.2 J/kg K, 243 J/kg, 375 J/kg for ErCoC₂, respectively.     

Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+共掺氧氟碲酸盐玻璃三基色上转换发光研究

制备了一种新的Yb3 /Er3 /Tm3 共掺氧氟碲酸盐玻璃.研究了ZnF2调整Yb3 /Er3 /Tm3 共掺氧氟碲酸盐玻璃的Raman光谱、吸收光谱和上转换荧光光谱.结果发现,该体系玻璃具有较低的声子能量,在980 nm LD激发下,可以同时观察到明显的蓝色(476nm)、绿色(530和545 nm)和红色(656nm)上转换发光.上转换蓝光(476 nm)是由于Tm3 离子1G4→3H6跃迁,上转换的绿光(530和545 nm)是由于Er3 离子2H11/2→4I15/2和4S3/2→4I15/2跃迁,上转换红光(656nm)是由于Er3 离子4F9/2→4I15/2跃迁.根据吸收光谱以及Yb3 、Er3 和Tm3 离子的能级,分析了Yb3 /Er3 /Tm3 共掺氧氟碲酸盐玻璃的上转换发光机理,发现上转换蓝光是一个三光子吸收过程,而上转换绿光和红光均为双光子吸收过程.研究结果表明,Yb3 /Er3 /Tm3 共掺氧氟碲酸盐玻璃是一种三维立体显示用激光玻璃的潜在基质材料.     

Irradiation-induced amorphized state of rapidly quenched R 12Fe82B6 alloys (R = Nd, Er)

Rapidly quenched (RQ) alloys R ₁₂Fe₈₂B₆ (R = Nd, Er) have been prepared by melt spinning. Their magnetic properties, structure, and phase composition have been studied before and after fast-neutron irradiation to a fluence of 1.2 × 10²⁰ n/cm². Before irradiation, it is the Nd₂Fe₁₄B-type phase (space group P4₂/mnm) that is mainly present in the RQ alloys at 295 K. In the Nd₁₂Fe₈₂B₆ alloy, this phase has a ferro-magnetic structure with magnetic moments at the Nd and Fe atoms oriented parallel to the c axis; the Er₂Fe₁₄B phase found in the Er₁₂Fe₈₂B₆ alloy is characterized by a ferrimagnetic order of Er and Fe magnetic moments parallel to the basal plane. After irradiation, the crystalline state of both RQ alloys transforms into an amorphous state. The ferro- and ferrimagnetic orders are retained in them, but the Curie temperature of the alloys with Nd and Er decreases by 100 and 200 K, respectively. The spontaneous magnetization of the irradiated alloys at 5 K is approximately equal to their magnetization in the crystalline state, whereas their coercive force is lower than that for the alloys before irradiation by two orders of magnitude. The effects observed are explained by the dispersion of Fe-Fe exchange interactions resulting from the dispersion of interatomic spacings in the amorphous alloys.     

Thermal decomposition products of heteronuclear Cu---Re complexes, CuRE(dhbaen)(NO3)·nH2O (RE---La, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Y, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu)

To facilitate the preparation of finer and more homogeneous CuREO_x and to achieve a lowering of the formation temperature, heteronuclear CuRE(1:1) complexes, CuRE(dhbaen)(NO₃)·nH₂O were synthesized as precursor. As it was expected for RE=La through Gd, only a mixture of CuO and CuRE₂O₄ was formed even when the complex decomposed at 800 °C since the Cu/RE ratio is 1. For RE=Y and Tb through Lu, Cu₂RE₂O₅ was formed by way of CuO and RE₂O₃. The structure of the decomposed product is controlled by the coordination number and ionic size of RE ion. The minimum radius ratio for eightfold coordination of RE³⁺ ion suggests that preparation of homogeneous Cu:RE(1:1) oxide with Cu₂Ho₂O₅ type structure is difficult for RE=La through Gd.     

White luminescence of Ho3+/Tm3+/Yb3+-codoped CaWO4 synthesized via citrate complex route assisted by microwave irradiation

The nanocrystalline Ho³⁺/Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped CaWO₄ upconversion (UC) phosphors were successfully synthesized by a modified citrate complex method using microwave irradiation. The citrate complex precursors were heat-treated at temperature ranging from 300 to 700 °C for 3 h. Crystallization of the Ho³⁺/Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped CaWO₄ was detected at 400 °C, and entirely completed at 600 °C. The Ho³⁺/Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped CaWO₄ heat-treated at 600 °C showed primarily spherical and homogeneous morphology. Under the laser excitation of 980 nm, Ho³⁺/Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped CaWO₄ shows the bright white upconversion (UC) emission visible to the naked eye, which is composed of a blue emission at 475 nm from Tm³⁺, and green and red emissions at 543 and 651 nm respectively from Ho³⁺. The coordinates of Ho³⁺/Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺ co-doped CaWO₄ in the Commission International De'eclairage (CIE) chromaticity diagram could be controlled from a cool to a warm white color depending on the Tm³⁺ and Ho³⁺ concentrations. The UC luminescent properties on Tm³⁺ and Ho³⁺ concentrations and related mechanism based on laser pump power were discussed in detail.     

溶胶-凝胶合成Er3 和Ho3 离子掺杂的Gd2(MoO4)3上转换发光纳米晶

采用柠檬酸与乙二醇溶胶-凝胶法合成了Er3 和Ho3 离子分别掺杂的铝酸钆Gd2(MoO4)3纳米晶.用XRD证实了产物的结构,用扫描电镜与透射电镜研究了产物微观形貌与尺寸.在980nm激光泵浦下,Ho3 掺杂Gd2(MoO4)3纳米晶发出很强的位于660nm的红光,而Er3 掺杂Gd2(MoO4)3纳米晶发出很强的位于540nm左右的红光.共掺Yb3 分别对Ho3 与Er3 起着显著的敏化作用.从发光强度与激光功率变化图中可知,Ho3 与Er3 的发光均属于双子光发光过程.     

Infrared spectroscopic properties of Tm, Ho:NaY(WO4)2 single crystals

Singly doped and Tm³⁺/Ho³⁺ co-doped NaY(WO₄)₂ single crystals were grown successfully by Czochralski method. The room temperature polarized absorption and fluorescence spectra as well as the decay curves were measured. Spectroscopic parameters related to the laser operation around 2.0 μm via the ³F₄ → ³H₆ (Tm³⁺) and ⁵I₇ → ⁵I₈ (Ho³⁺) transitions have been evaluated. The energy level scheme and energy transfer processes of Tm³⁺ and Ho³⁺ were analyzed.