A ramming mixture for cupola linings

Ramming mixtures with a carbon-containing component and mullite-corundum chamotte from Chinese bauxites instead of electrofused corundum have been developed for linings of cupolas designed for a prolonged continuous melting campaign. Ramming mixtures of grade MMKU are produced by the Semiluki Refractory Plant in correspondence with modification No. 2 of TU 14-8-559-88. Use of the mixture in the lining of a bottom, a hearth, and a compression siphon provided an endurance of the cupola equal to that of a lining from a conventional mixture based on electrofused corundum.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 26 – 27, February, 1996.     

Refractory products and ramming bodies for high pressure burners of steam boilers

Conclusions Silicon carbide rammed bodies are suitable for lining the combustion zones of high-pressure cyclone burners of steam boilers. The life of the silicon carbide body depends on the heat resistance of the supporting joints (the hooks).The life of such a body in cyclone burners is 4–5 times longer than chromite rammed bodies PKhM-6.The life of silicon carbide bricks used to line the cyclone burner with booster heat escape increased more than five times.     

钢包内衬用无收缩性莫来石刚玉捣打料的开发

对冶金用含碳刚玉耐火材料在负压条件下进行了浸渍,探讨了采用不含苯并吡的碳素物质来取代煤焦油沥青进行浸渍耐火材料的可能性。     

Aluminochromophosphate-bonded zircon ramming compounds for the lining of induction furnaces

Conclusions An investigation was carried out of the physico- and thermomechanical properties of ACP-bonded zircon ramming compounds, of the conditions for their drying and firing processes, and of their solid-solution interaction with a mixed (U, Pu)O₂ nuclear fuel.The optimal composition of the ramming compound is as follows: 95% zircon of particle-size fraction 0.06–3.0 mm, 5% refractory clay finer than 0.5 mm, and 7% ACP binder of density 1.5 g/cm³(on 100%). The composition is characterized by high strength and low porosity and water absorption.The ACP-bonded zircon ramming compound is recommended for use in the induction furnaces of installations for the thermal stripping of the fuel elements of fast-neutron reactors.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 1, pp. 50–53, January, 1978.     

High-Alumina ramming bodies for lining steel casting ladles having provision for vacuum refining

Conclusions At the electric steelmaking shop of the Cherepovetsk Steel Plant, the high-strength MK-90 corundum body produced by the Kazogneupor Factory was used for lining the cavities of the nozzles and the bottom portions of the 130 ton steel casting ladles in which argon blowing (lancing) and vacuum treatment of steel are carried out. The service life of the rammed ladle-base lining made from the MK-90 body (under the replaceable working layer) increased up to 3–4 months. Ramming of the cavity is carried out once during the campaign of the working layer of the ladle base.In order to obtain monolithic lining of the ladle walls, we developed a ramming body based on electromelted corundum and containing coarse-grained corundum and a plastic refractory clay as additives and a binder made from orthophosphoric acid. Industrial production of this body was assimilated at the Kazogneupor Factory under the trademark MK-65. The life of the lining of the ladle walls made from this body amounts to 13–14 fillings (heats) as compared to 8–10 fillings when using ladle bricks.We suggested the composition of the ramming body containing a carbonaceous additive in the form of spent electrodes of the steelmaking arc furnaces and having an increased slag- and metal-resistance.The first discussion was published in Ogneupory, No. 8 (1988) and the subsequent discussion was published in Nos. 9–12 (1988) and Nos. 1–3 (1989).Translated from Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 1–5, May, 1989.     

Ramming mixture for lining iron ladles

The properties of quartzite mixtures with various hardening agents with a binder of an aqueous solution of liquid glass with a density of 1.12–1.15 g/cm³ are studied. It is shown that the best hardeners that can replace ferrochrome slag are metallurgical slag and an aqueous formate-alcohol solution (a by-product of production of pentaerythrite). Translated from Ogneupory i Tekhnicheskaya Keramika, No. 4, pp. 30–31, April, 1998.     

Production technology for lining elements for the radiation tubes of burners of Rekumat furnaces

A technology is developed for the production of corundum—zircon lining elements for the radiation tubes of burners of Rekumat furnaces. The proposed technology yields lining elements with a longer working life and allows the number of consumable parts of furnaces purchased abroad to be reduced. Translated from Ogneupory i Tekhnicheskaya Keramika, No. 3, p. 33, March, 1997.     

A new method for dynamic compaction of bulk mixtures in ramming continuous ladle lining

The defects of the existing methods for producing continuous lining for steel-casting ladles using sand-slinging units are demonstrated and a new solution of the problem is proposed. The proposed device is based on slinging briquettes using compressed air at a speed of 40–80 m/sec and frequency of 3–5 sec⁻¹. The preliminary density of briquettes is 1.56–1.70 g/cm³; they are prepared on the same rotary briquette-slinging unit. The new unit has an original air-distributing control valve. Data are given on the application of a technogenic powder material in experimental studies. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 33–36, August, 2006.     

High-alumina ramming mixture with an additive of disthene-sillimanite concentrate

A laboratory study aimed at replacing expensive chamotte from Chinese bauxites used in a ramming mixture by disthene-sillimanite concentrate is described. It is shown that partial replacement of the chamotte by disthene-sillimanite concentrate can give the required high-alumina ramming mixture. Translated from Ogneupory i Tekhnicheskaya Keramika, No. 7, pp. 33–34, July, 1997.     

Analysis of centrifugal annular reactor with radial flow

A model for centrifugal annular catalytic reactor is presented. The gas flows radially through the annulus while the inner cylinder is rotated to produce the centrifugal effect. A catalytic consecutive reaction takes place at the external surface of the annulus. The reactor is aimed to utilize the fact that heavier substances concentrate on the external walls of rotating reactors more than the lighter ones, so as to improve the conversion and yield of the desired intermediate product in consecutive reactions.The reaction performance is examined for various reaction kinetics, angular velocity and gas flow rate. The gas flow direction (inward or outward) is aIt is shown that for a given reaction and reactor geometry, an optimal angular velocity exists, where the reaction conversion is maximum. It is also sh     

环隙式离心萃取器内部两相流动研究进展

环隙式离心萃取器是集成液-液混合与液-液分离于一体的高性能萃取设备,其广泛应用于核工业、化工环保、有色冶金、生物医药等领域。离心萃取器具有优异的水力学特性和传质特性,这主要得益于其环隙中的泰勒涡流以及转鼓内的离心分离流等特殊流动。本文主要依据离心萃取器结构和两相流动特点,综述了环隙内气-液界面变化规律、气泡流动特性、液-液两相流型、液滴流动特性,以及转鼓内的气-液界面等方面的研究进展,还总结了环隙螺旋隔板、转鼓径向叶片等结构的优化对于两相流动、混合或分离效果的影响。在后续研究中,可以从离心萃取过程中的液滴分散和聚并机理、三相流动测试及模拟、结构的模型化设计方法等方面开展更加深入的研究。     

基于PLC的WG系列离心机通用智能控制系统

介绍了基于一体化PLC的WG系列离心机通用智能控制系统的设计方案及其功能特点.     

环隙式离心萃取器流场研究进展

围绕工业应用,人们在环隙流场稳定性、水力学特性等方面做了大量研究,而对环隙的流场流动机理、泰勒涡流场结构等方面的研究较少,随着线性和非线性理论、计算流体力学和流动可视化技术的飞速发展,对环隙流场流动机理、涡流场的结构进行详细直观描述有了可能,主要从环隙流场可视化、环隙流场数值模拟2个方面对该研究进行了系统的分析总结,并为将来的研究工作提出了几点意见。