(La1-xPrx) 2/3Sr1/3CoO3 的成相过程与电导性能研究

采用固相反应法合成了(La1-xPrx) 2/3Sr1/3CoO3 (x=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8) 双稀土氧化物系列粉体,研究了(La0.6Pr0.4) 2/3Sr1/3CoO3的成相过程和电导性能.结果表明,在实验过程中首先出现了La2O(CO3)和La2SrOx相,而La2SrOx相在270℃～910℃的较大范围内一直存在,再经过两次吸热到910℃时出现了(La0.6Pr0.4) 2/3Sr1/3CoO3 晶相,当温度达到1000℃时,(La0.6Pr0.4) 2/3Sr1/3CoO3 成为主晶相,在1250℃下烧结2h后,样品已成单一钙钛矿结构(La0.6Pr0.4) 2/3Sr1/3CoO3相.(La1-xPrx)2/3Sr1/3CoO3(x=0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8)双稀土氧化物的电导率在700℃附近时出现最大值,其中(La0.8Pr0.2) 2/3Sr1/3CoO3的电导率在中温范围内最大,适合作为中温固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料.     

CuTa_2O_6掺杂Ba(Zn_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_3基微波陶瓷烧结动力学及微波性能

结合烧结动力学模型和微观形貌观察,研究未掺杂和掺杂CuTa_2O_6的Ba(Zn_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_3陶瓷在1 270~1 520℃温度范围内的致密化过程和烧结动力学机理。结果表明:在1 150℃以上烧结,随温度升高,Ba(Zn_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_3的烧结机制从体积扩散向晶界扩散转变。掺杂0.25%CuTa_2O_6可显著加快Ba(Zn_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_3陶瓷的烧结致密化过程,在显著降低烧结温度的同时,可大幅缩短烧结时间并有效地促进B位的有序化。掺杂Ba(Zn_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_3陶瓷在1370℃烧结12h即可获得96%的相对密度,在1 370℃烧结12 h后的介电常数(εr)和品质因数(Q·f)分别约为29.4和985 35;相比较,未掺杂Ba(Zn_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_3在1 520℃烧结12 h的εr和Q·f分别只有27.4和68 147。掺杂Ba(Zn_(1/3)Ta_(2/3))O_3陶瓷经1 520℃烧结48 h的εr和Q·f分别约为28.2和103 131。     

Structure and Transport Properties in CMR Materials of La（1-x）2/3Ca1/3MnO3 with Rare Earth Vacancies

Samples of manganese oxides La（1-x）2/3Ca1/3MnO3（x 〈 0.10） with Lavacancy were prepared by standard solid-state reaction method. All the samples are single phase, with orthorhombic symmetry （Pnma ）, analyzed by XRD and with Rietveld Refinement. The effect of different La-site vacancies concentration on electronic transport of La（1-x）2/3Ca1/3MnO3 was investigated. The insulator-metal transition temperature （about 267 K） nearly remains unchanged with the increase of vacancy concentration, which indicates that small La-vacancy does not destroy the double exchange interaction. But the electronic resistance increases and MR value decreases with La-vacancy content x 〉 0.04. The maximum of the MR value （8 T） is about 220% at transition temperature （TMI）.     

高能球磨对La_(2/3)Ca_(1/3)MnO_3晶体结构和磁性的影响

通过在传统的烧结工艺上加上球磨工艺制备了单相 L a2 / 3Ca1 / 3Mn O3氧化物 ,研究了球磨对氧化物的结构和磁性能的影响 ,发现晶格常数和晶胞体积增大 ,但晶体结构类型基本不变 ,仍为钙钛矿四方相结构 ,而交流磁化率、磁化强度、居里温度减小。球磨引起氧的欠缺、无序效应 ,对电阻有一定的影响     

熔盐法合成LiMn_（1/3）Ni_（1/3）Co_（1/3）O_2及AA电池的电化学性能

以KCl为熔盐,采用熔盐法合成了锂离子电池正极材料LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2,扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示此方法制备产物具有较好的晶形,颗粒较均匀.XRD表征结果显示产物为层状结构,充放电测试结果显示出材料在3.6 V平台附近有较大的可逆容量.在900℃时保温8 h时合成的LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2具有较好的电化学性能,制作成AA电池,在2.75～4.2 V之间进行充放电测试,在1 C倍率下放电,LiMn1/3Ni1/3Co1/3O2的初始放电容量可达132.9 mAh/g,循环50多次后容量仍为124.6 mAh/g,容量保持率为93.75﹪.     

组分影响(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3介电性能的研究

采用正交设计试验法研究了配方对钛酸铋钠(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3(BNT)铁电陶瓷介电性能的影响,得到了影响BNT陶瓷介电性能的主次因素以及各因素水平影响其性能的趋势,进而得到了综合性能佳的BNT陶瓷.探讨了各组分对BNT陶瓷介电性能影响的机理,为BNT陶瓷材料的改性研究提供了依据.     

Nb2O5-Al2O3-MgO-Na2O-CaO-SiO2体系相平衡研究

为揭示Nb2O5-Al2O3-MgO-Na2O-CaO-SiO2多元含铌炉渣体系中的铌矿物的定向结晶规律，采用高温相平衡—冷淬—SEM-EDS/XRD/EMPA试验方法，考察了温度、钙硅比（CaO/SiO2）、Nb2O5含量等因素对炉渣相平衡关系的影响，并构建了含铌矿物结晶析出的优势相图。结果表明：铌的结晶矿物主要有三种，分别为Ca2Nb2O7、Ca(14-x)Nb(2+x)Si8O(35+1.5x)和3CaO?MgO?Nb2O5；铌先富集于液相，相较于脉石组分，含铌固相为后析出相；CaO/SiO2增加会使含铌固相优势区间发生从Ca2Nb2O7相到Ca(14-x)Nb(2+x)Si8O(35+1.5x)相、再到3CaO?MgO?Nb2O5相的转变。Ca2Nb2O7相的优势析晶区间为：温度1 050~1 200 ℃，C/S=0.8~1.2。Nb2O5在Ca(14-x)Nb(2+x)Si8O(35+1.5x)相中的嵌布质量浓度在18.5%~19.5%。     

碳酸盐共沉淀法合成LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2及其电化学性能

以碳酸盐共沉淀法合成了Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO3前驱体,然后以Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3CO3和LiOH·H2O为原料,合成出了层状锂离子电池正极材料Li Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2.通过XRD,SEM和电化学测试对Li Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2材料的结构、形貌及电化学性能进行了测试和表征.结果表明,800℃烧结12 h所合成的样品粒度大小分布比较均匀,以0.2 C充放电,其首次放电容量为153 mAh·g-1,循环30次后容量为140 mAh·g-1.     

氧化钆对钛酸钡陶瓷结构和介电性能的影响

采用固相法制备得到了掺杂 1% (mol) Gd2 O3的钛酸钡陶瓷 ,并通过 X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜对其结构进行了表征。对其介电常数、介电损耗和室温电阻率进行了测定 ,结果表明 Gd2 O3掺杂 Ba Ti O3陶瓷的介电常数明显增加 ,介电损耗也有所升高 ,室温电阻率明显降低     

La2(SO4)3/SiO2催化合成增塑剂

以La2(SO4)3/SiO2为催化剂,顺丁烯二酸酐和丁醇为原料,合成内增塑剂顺丁烯二酸二丁酯,探讨了催化剂用量,酐醇物质的量比以及反应时间等对收率的影响.结果表明,La2(SO4)3/SiO2对顺丁烯二酸二丁酯的合成具有良好的催化活性,在适宜的条件下其收率可达99%.当把此催化剂用于合成柠檬酸三丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、丁二酸二丁酯时,同样具有良好的催化活性.     

Effect of Y2O3 on Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3 Ceramics

Tiny amount of rare earth Y2O3 can restrain the growth of grains and broaden the peak of BaTiO3 ceramics.Proper characteristics of capacitance change with temperature were obtained. Meanwhile, the insulation resistance increased with the increasing contents of Y2O3. In this system, the cooperation of Y2O3 with Ho2O3 was also discussed.It is concluded that the insulation resistivity reduces if the content of Y2 O3 is below 0.25 %. With the increasing content of additives, weak-binding electrons in grains will be compensated by V"8a so the insulation resistivity increased. The breakdown voltage is enhanced to 15 kV · mm-1.     

w(Al_2O_3)/w(SiO_2)对烧结液相生成的影响研究

通过研究w(Al_2O_3)/w(SiO_2)对烧结液相生成的影响及分析实际烧结生产中烧结矿w(Al_2O_3)/w(SiO_2)不同范围对转鼓强度的影响,得出烧结配料w(Al_2O_3)/w(SiO_2)控制在0.300~0.355有利于烧结矿质量的提高。在此基础上,进一步探讨了马钢烧结配料w(Al_2O_3)/w(SiO_2)应该控制的水平及3个炼铁总厂烧结矿现w(Al_2O_3)下w(SiO_2)适宜的控制范围,并提出了针对性的调整建议。     

快速热压制备(AgSbTe_2)_x(Pb_(0.5)Sn_(0.5)Te)_(1-x)半导体材料及热电性能研究

为了进一步提高PbTe系列合金的热电性能和降低生产成本,采用溶剂热反应合成平均粒度为500 nm的PbTe粉末,以所合成的PbTe粉末为主要原料通过封管熔炼法制备(AgSbTe2)x(Pb0.5SnvTe) 1-x(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2)系合金.所得合金锭经过高能球磨制成微米级的超细合金粉,再通过快速热压烧结制备测试用的多晶试样,所有试样的相对密度均达到90%以上.通过XRD和SEM等手段分析材料的物相组成和微观结构,研究x的变化对于该体系材料热电性能(电阻率、Seebeck系数、热导率和ZT值)的影响.研究表明,当X取值为0.1时该体系材料的热电性能得到最优化,在575 K时取得最人的ZT值为1.093.     

Doping Effects of Rare Earth on Dielectric Properties of Fine-Grained BaTiO_3-Based Ceramics

Recently ,manystudiesonfine grainedBaTiO3 basedceramicsdopedwithrareearthelementshavebeenperformedbecauseitisharmlesstotheenviron mentbothinproductionandinapplication .Thiskindofmaterialiscommonlyusedasmultilayerceramicca pacitors (MLCC)ofEIAX7Rspecification .Theeffectsofrareearthoxidesonthedielectricpropertiesandreliabilityhavebeendiscussedinsever alrecentpapers ,whichconcludedthatrareearthox idesplayanimportantroleintheX7Rdielectricsandareveryeffectivetoenhancethereliabilitiesofdielec t…     

Doping Effects of Rare Earth on Dielectric Properties of Fine－Grained BaTiO3－Based Ceramics

The doping effects of rare earth oxides Ho2O3 and Er2O3 on dielectric properties of BaTiO3-based ceramics were studied. After adding rare earth elements, grain growth in this system was inhibited and the grain size was reduced evidently which realized the fine-grained effect. In this system, the trivalent oxides Ho2O3 and Er2O3 were added to BaTiO3 ceramics. The rare earth oxides do not enter into inner lattice totally to replace A or B sites.Some of additives can improve dielectric strength by forming nonferroelectric phases, and the rest maintained at grain boundaries controls overgrowth of grains. The dielectric constant at room temperature is increased up to 3000 and the curve of TCC becomes flat.Meanwhile, the dielectric strength Eb becomes higher.     

Synthesis of 1-（2-Hydroxyphenyl）-3-Phenyl-1,3-Propanedione and Luminescence Properties of Its Europium Complexes

Synthesis of 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-Phenyl-1,3-Propanedione and Luminescence Properties of Its Europium Complexes     

一维纳米LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2纤维的合成及性能研究

通过静电纺丝法制备出一维纳米LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2纤维,根据扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、充放电实验,循环伏安法和交流阻抗法对纳米纤维的形貌、晶体结构和电化学性能进行研究.结果表明,纳米纤维的直径在150～300 nm之间,且具有典型的α-NaFeO2层状结构;所制备的LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2纳米纤维在0.5 C(85 mA/g)的倍率下循环30次容量保持率达到了94.1％;在倍率分别为0.1 C、0.2 C、0.5 C、1.0 C、2.0 C和0.2 C的充放电测试中,其比容量分别达到了157 mAh/g、144 mAh/g、134 mAh/g、125 mAh/g、115 mAh/g和141 mAh/g;在CV和EIS测试中,材料表现出优异的可逆性和循环稳定性.由于具有特殊的一维形貌,LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2纳米纤维表现出优异的电化学性能.     

Transformation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Al2O3/ZrO2(2Y) Ceramic Composites

The content of zirconia has a remarkable influerce on transformation behavior and mechanical properties of Al2O3/ZrO2 (2Y) composites. When 15% and 20% ZrO2(2Y) was added to Al2O3, the bending strength and fracture of the content of ZrO2 (2Y) on transformation and mechanical properties was investigated. The changes of m-ZrO2 and t-ZrO2 phases content before and after fracture were measured by X-ray diffraction quantitative phase analysis, It is shown that improvement in bending strength and fracture toughness of the Al2O3/ ZrO2 (2Y) composites is due to the phase transformation toughening mechanism of ZrO2 (2Y) and thermal expansion mismatch.     

机械合金化法制备Ag/SnO_2(12)材料的组织与性能研究

采用机械合金化、冷等静压成型、烧结、热挤压等粉末冶金技术集成的方法制备Ag/SnO2(12)材料,并对其组织与性能进行研究。研究结果表明:通过机械合金化的方法获得的Ag/SnO2(12)复合粉末,粉末颗粒形状不规则,为多层片状银的叠加,粒径的范围在20～50μm,SnO2颗粒细小且均匀弥散镶嵌于Ag基体中;Ag/SnO2(12)复合材料中SnO2颗粒细小,组织均匀,力学性能良好,但由于材料采用粉末冶金方法制备,不可避免的存在少量的孔隙,从而影响了材料的电学性能,电阻率偏高;其断口形貌为解理脆性断裂(宏观)和准解理断裂(微观)的综合。     

1-(2-苯并噻唑)-3-(3,5-二溴吡啶)-三氮烯与铜的荧光反应及应用

合成并鉴定了一种新的三氮烯试剂1-(2-苯并噻唑) -3-(3,5-二溴吡啶)-三氮烯(BTPyBT),考察了酸度、缓冲溶液用量、铜离子浓度、试剂用量、反应温度及反应时间等影响该试剂与铜发生荧光反应的条件,建立了一个测定铜的荧光分析方法。实验表明,在pH 9.16的硼砂-氢氧化钠缓冲液中,BTPyBT与铜离子在室温下反应20 min后可形成组成比为3∶1的稳定络合物。所建立铜的荧光分析方法的线性范围为0.5~80.0 μg/L,检出限为0.2 μg/L。方法应用于矿泉水、纯净水及河水等水样品中痕量铜的测定,测定结果与原子吸收光谱法一致,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.2%～4.7%。