大型转炉吹炼过程中熔池温度的变化状况

为了了解大型转炉吹炼过程中熔池温度的变化规律，利用副枪在转炉吹炼过程中进行了测温和取样分析。结果表明：吹炼初期熔池升温速度很慢，平均仅为3．6℃／min；吹炼中期平均为23．5℃／min；吹炼后期平均可达28．8℃／min；吹炼过程中，熔池金属过热度应在60～120℃范围内；终点钢水过热度由所炼钢种的要求而定。宝山钢铁集团公司300t转炉炼钢的热支出为1935．33MJ／t铜，热效率为46．07％。     

提高转炉日历利用系数的系统工艺技术研究

通过实施低过热度浇注技术,大幅度降低出钢温度,实施钢包在线快速烘烤,减少出钢过程温度损失;优化氧枪喷头工作参数,改善综合吹炼指标;对转炉采取综合技术管理措施,提高转炉炉龄,济钢一炼钢转炉日历利用系数由２９．０９ｔ／公称ｔ．ｄ提高到６９．７９ｔ／公称ｔ．ｄ,转炉作业率由６３．６１％提高到９１．０５％,满足了全连铸的要求。     

大型转炉炼钢脱硫的研究

用副枪取样方法研究了宝钢一炼钢300t转炉吹炼过程中熔池脱硫反应的情况，用Belaf程序计算了吹炼科点渣钢之间脱硫反应的平衡值。转炉终渣硫含量平均占炉料中总硫量的31％，气化脱硫作用很微小。     

应用COMI炼钢工艺控制转炉脱磷基础研究

 基于转炉炼钢过程脱磷的热力学分析和计算,以控制转炉冶炼过程脱磷期温度为出发点,提出一种利用CO2气体代替部分O2进行吹炼的转炉炼钢新工艺,即COMI炼钢工艺。研究发现：COMI炼钢工艺能有效控制转炉熔池温度,降低半钢和一倒钢液磷含量,同时可有效减少炉渣铁损,为转炉高效脱磷提供了一种新思路。     

复吹转炉底吹CO2的供气模式

根据50kg 复吹转炉和顶吹转炉试验结果,分析了底吹 CO_2型复吹转炉的冶金特点和吹炼过程中底吹 CO_2的供气模式。复吹转炉底吹 CO_2供气强度,很难由理论计算求出,应根据各吹炼时期熔池内的主要冶金内容与底气 CO_2之间的关系,结合铁水成分和温度以及所炼钢种的特点,选定各吹炼时期底吹 CO_2供气强度,再制定吹炼过程 CO_2供气模式。     

转炉炼钢技术的发展与展望

回顾20世纪氧气转炉炼钢技术的发展,总结现代转炉炼钢的五项重大技术;转炉大型化技术,复合吹炼工艺、转炉煤气回收与“负能”炼钢、转炉长寿技术和全自动吹炼工艺。预测21世纪转炉炼钢技术的发展趋势是：优化炼钢工艺流程;转炉高速吹炼工艺;建立大批量廉价生产洁净钢的生产体系;建立了“零”排放的绿色生态钢厂。     

转炉熔池中废钢的运动

 根据相似原理计算了水模喷吹参数, 第一次模拟并拍照了在不同熔池搅拌能量条件下,转炉熔池中废钢运动的实际情况,使炼钢工作者对废钢在熔池中的运动有了清楚的了解。测量了废钢对熔池混匀时间和喷溅的影响,大型转炉炼钢熔池中有10%废钢,熔池混匀时间较无废钢时平均延长35.3%,铁水脱磷预处理转炉有10%废钢,熔池混匀时间平均延长62.8%。定量地研究了熔池中不同质量废钢块与悬浮能量之间的关系,为使废钢熔化有良好的动力学条件,应使熔池的搅拌能量不低于大块废钢的悬浮能量。丰富了废钢熔化的基础知识,为转炉合理地利用废钢和优化转炉吹炼工艺提供依据。     

转炉氧枪顶吹工艺的水力学模拟

根据鞍钢180t氧气转炉生产情况，进行氧气顶吹转炉1／15模型的水力学模拟实验，以得出吹炼工艺参数对熔池的影响。结果表明，当模型顶吹气体流量≥15．5m^3／h时，枪位和流量变化对熔池均混时间影响较小；熔池的喷溅量随枪位降低和顶吹气体流量的增加而增加；当气体流量为16．0m^3／h时，熔池的喷溅量较大。     

转炉溅渣护炉技术研究

在承德钢铁股份有限公司２０ｔ转炉半钢炼钢、全连铸、出钢温度１７１０￣１７３０℃和终渣中ＴＦｅ为２０％￣３３％条件下，采用溅渣护炉技术（包括吹炼过程加白云石造渣、对终渣成分进行改质和降温、确定合理的氮气喷吹参数等）使炉龄提高１．８倍，降低成本１０．３元／ｔ钢。     

现代转炉炼钢技术（续完）

2 .4　顶底复合吹炼技术2 .4.1　复吹技术开发的历史背景众所周知 ,ＬＤ炼钢法即氧气顶吹转炉炼钢法是世界炼钢技术的一项革命。自 1 952年ＬＤ法问世以来 ,短短 2 0年 ,氧气顶吹转炉炼钢的钢产量已接近世界钢产量的 50 % ,ＬＤ炼钢法如此迅速地推广应用 ,主要得益于其诸多优点。然而 ,1 968年ＯＢＭ炼钢法即氧气底吹转炉炼钢法的诞生 ,使处于垄断地位的氧气顶吹转炉炼钢法受到了挑战和冲击。这是因为氧气底吹转炉炼钢法显示出许多优于顶吹法之处 ,可归纳为 :( 1 )熔池搅拌力强 ,相当或大于顶吹法的 1 0倍 ,因此 ,熔池的成分、温度均匀、操…     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.