三峡库区10个芥菜型油菜品种的SSR标记聚类分析

[目的]用SSR分子标记研究三峡库区芥菜型油菜品种的遗传多样性.[方法] 使用9对SSR引物,对10份来自三峡库区的芥菜型油菜品种进行遗传多样性分析.[结果] 聚类结果表明,在遗传距离0.47处可将供试材料分为3类.[结论]地理和生态条件是影响三峡库区芥菜型油菜类群的主要因素.     

榨菜人工接种发酵研究

[目的]为明确榨菜后熟机制、质量控制和工艺改进提供理论依据.[方法]通过人工接种发酵菌株试验,采用感官评定和理化指标比较方法确定榨菜腌制过程中较为理想的发酵剂组合.[结果]不同因素对榨菜产品品质影响顺序为:菌种比例>含盐量>接种量.榨菜腌制过程中较为理想的发酵剂组合:接种量4%,菌种比例为肠膜明串珠菌:植物乳杆菌:乳酸乳杆菌3:1:1,含盐量6%.该发酵条件在保证榨菜产品品质的同时,有效降低了榨菜生产过程中亚硝酸盐的含量,并使榨菜发酵周期大大缩短.[结论]该研究为榨菜微生物发酵剂的研制提供了重要的参考.     

Biochemical and immunochemical characterization of Brassica juncea glyoxalase I

A homogenous preparation of glyoxalase I (S-lactoylglutathione-lyase, EC 4.4.1.5) was obtained from Brassica juncea seedlings. The enzyme is a heterodimer with 27,000 and 29,000 M(r) subunits and native M(r) of 56,000. The circular dichroic spectra of the protein showed characteristics of a distinctly helical protein, and magnesium affected the secondary structure. It is a zinc metalloenzyme. Amino acid modification studies suggested the involvement of histidine residues in catalysis. Apo-glyoxalase I was reactivated by divalent cations Mn2+ (0.5 Mm) > Mg2+ (5 Mm) > Zn2+ (0.05 Mm) and Ca2+ (0.01 Mm). Monospecific, polyclonal anti-glyoxalase I antibodies were raised, which showed its presence in seeds, roots, hypocotyl, cotyledon and different flower parts. They showed varied degree of cross reactivity with the extracts from various plants, yeast, bacteria and animal system.     

不同品种印度芥菜对潮褐土Cd·Pb·Zn富集能力的比较研究

[目的]研究了7个品种印度芥菜对土壤Cd、Pb、Zn富集能力的差异和规律.[方法]采用盆栽模拟试验,以印度芥菜为试材,采用Cd、Pb、Zn 3因素、5处理水平回归正交设计方案.[结果]在土壤Cd、Ph、Zn复合污染处理条件下,7个品种地上部对Cd的富集量达2.73～51.23 mg/kg,地下部对Cd的富集量达7.32～101.33 mg/kg,地上部、地下部Cd含量最大值均为品种Ⅵ.地上部对Pb的富集量达16.87～75.03 mg/kg,地下部对Pb的富集量达28.85～613.36 mg/ks,地上部、地下部Ph含量最大值均为品种Ⅱ.地上部对Zn的富集量达153.53-7 346.59 ms/ks,地下部对Zn的富集量达348.91～954.29 mg/kg,地上部、地下部Zn含量最大值均为品种Ⅱ.[结论]3种重金属转移活动能力大小为Zn>Cd>Pb.7个品种印度芥菜对重金属富集能力大小为Cd>Zn>Pb.品种Ⅶ在植物修复上具有最大的潜力.     

Molecular genetic and biochemical analysis of Brassica napus proliferating cell nuclear antigen function

A cDNA encoding the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) from Brassica napus (oilseed rape) was shown to complement the lethal deletion mutation in the PCNA gene (delta POL30) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We provide unequivocal evidence that the B. napus PCNA can perform all the essential functions of the yeast PCNA in DNA replication, although some species-specific differences may exist. In addition, the B. napus PCNA expressed as a fusion polypeptide with glutathione S-transferase (GST) was shown to stimulate the activity and processivity of two delta-like DNA polymerases from wheat in vitro. These experiments provide direct biochemical evidence that the B. napus PCNA may function as an auxiliary factor in plant cell DNA replication.     

Identification of allergens in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) pollen

Monoclonal antibodies to very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) recognize the alpha4beta1 integrin receptor. This monoclonal antibody blocks the adhesion between early hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34-selected cells) and stromal cells when added to cultures of these cells. Addition of the VLA-4 monoclonal antibody to cultures of stromal cells and CD34-selected cells was shown to induce apoptosis of CD34-selected cells in these CD34-selected cell/stromal cell cocultures, as measured by the terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling method. In contrast to these experiments with early hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34+), the level of adhesion between more differentiated cells (unfractionated hematopoietic cells) and stromal cells was not significantly altered by addition of the anti-VLA-4 monoclonal antibody. Similarly, the level of apoptosis of unfractionated hematopoietic cells was not significantly increased by the addition of anti-VLA-4 monoclonal antibody to cultures of the latter cells with stromal cells. The binding of the unfractionated cells is less than that of the CD34-selected cells. Given that there is no difference between the alpha4beta1 integrin expression level of the early and late myeloid cells, there may be a difference in the functional state of the integrin between the early and late myeloid cells. We also show that CD34+-selected precursor cells proliferate at a higher rate when these cells are plated on recombinant vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 molecules. These data indicate that the alpha4beta1 integrin receptor (VLA-4) plays a central role in the apoptosis rescue function that results from the anchorage-dependent growth of the CD34-selected early hematopoietic cells on stromal cells. The data suggest that these apoptosis rescue pathways have less significance as the cells mature and become anchorage independent in their growth. These data should assist in the design of systems for the ex vivo proliferation and transduction of early hematopoietic cells for genetic therapy.     

Distribution, Transportation and Cytolocalization of Neodymium in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)

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Field tolerance to fungal pathogens of Brassica napus constitutively expressing a chimeric chitinase gene

Constitutive overexpression of a protein involved in plant defense mechanisms to disease is one of the strategies proposed to increase plant tolerance to fungal pathogens. A hybrid endochitinase gene under a constitutive promoter was introduced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation into a winter-type oilseed rape (Brassica napus var. oleifera) inbred line. Progeny from transformed plants was challenged using three different fungal pathogens (Cylindrosporium concentricum, Phoma lingam, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) in field trials at two different geographical locations. These plants exhibited an increased tolerance to disease as compared with the nontransgenic parental plants.     

NCC malonyltransferase catalyses the final step of chlorophyll breakdown in rape (Brassica napus)

Of the three final products of chlorophyll breakdown that in senescing cotyledons of oilseed rape are accumulated progressively, the nonfluorescent Bn-NCC-1 is the most abundant catabolite. It represents the malonylester of the minor catabolite Bn-NCC-3. The in vitro malonylation of Bn-NCC-3 into Bn-NCC-1 was investigated. Extracts from senescent as well as from presenescent cotyledons contained corresponding activities in the presence of malonyl-coenzyme A as the co-substrate. Malonyltransferase activity exhibited pH- and activation optima at 8 and 34 degrees, respectively, and it was saturable with an apparent Michaelis constant of 58 microM for Bn-NCC-3. The partially purified enzyme recognized chlorophyll catabolites as substrate specifically, provided that they had a free hydroxyl group in the ethyl side chain of pyrrole B.     

Molecular cloning of a cDNA from Brassica napus L. for a homologue of acyl-CoA-binding protein

A cDNA encoding an acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP) homologue has been cloned from a lambda gt11 library made from mRNA isolated from developing seeds of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The derived amino acid sequence reveals a protein 92 amino acids in length which is highly conserved when compared with ACBP sequences from yeast, cow, man and fruit fly. Southern blot analysis of Brassica napus genomic DNA revealed the presence of 6 genes, 3 derived from the Brassica rapa parent and 3 from Brassica oleracea. Northern blot analysis showed that ACBP genes are expressed strongly in developing embryo, flowers and cotyledons of seedlings and to a lesser extent in leaves and roots.