增塑剂DOP在软PVC和PVC/ABS共混物中的应用

研究了增塑剂DOP对聚氯乙烯（商品牌号SG-3，SG-5）及PVC／ABS共混物力学和硬度等性质的影响及其机理。结果表明：由于DOP小分子对高分子链的物理隔离作用，当DOP含量高于30％时，随DOP用量的增加，PVC树脂及PVC／ABS的断裂伸长率明显增大，体系的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和硬度等略微下降。     

增塑剂DOP的含量对软质聚氯乙烯性能的影响

研究了不同含量的增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)对软质聚氯乙烯(PVC)的邵氏硬度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的影响。结果表明,随着DOP含量的增加,软质PVC复合材料的邵氏硬度和拉伸强度逐渐下降,而软质PVC复合材料中的断裂伸长率则随DOP含量的增加而增大。     

纳米CaCO_3改性PVC糊及其软制品力学性能研究

研究了活性纳米碳酸钙(CaCO3)用量对PVC糊树脂的粘度及其软制品拉伸强度、伸长率等力学性能的影响。结果表明,随CaCO3加入量(0～30份)的增加,PVC糊树脂粘度明显提高;纳米碳酸钙加入量为15份时,PVC软制品的拉伸强度达到最高值;纳米碳酸钙加入量越大,伸长率越低,其中加入量为5～15份时,伸长率下降幅度较小,加入量大于15份时,伸长率大幅度降低。     

软质聚氯乙烯复合材料的制备与性能

以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为基体树脂,研究不同增塑剂对软质聚氯乙烯复合材料邵氏硬度、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的影响。结果表明:添加邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)制备软质PVC复合材料邵氏硬度大,但是添加乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯(ATBC)作为增塑剂制备软质PVC复合材料中的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率较大。     

吸水膨胀型PVC基热塑性弹性体的制备及性能

以熔融共混法制备了吸水膨胀型PVC基热塑性弹性体,表征了PAAS粒子在基体中的分散行为及对复合体系力学性能的影响,并对其吸水膨胀性能进行了表征。结果表明:在PVC/DOP/PAAS复合体系中,PAAS呈均匀分散;随着PAAS含量的提高,复合体系的拉伸强度、撕裂强度、断裂伸长率、扯断伸长率趋于明显下降趋势,而硬度则趋于缓慢增加;在本研究范围内,PVC/DOP/PAAS复合体系均属于热塑性弹性体;当PAAS的加入量超过40份后,复合体系呈现出显著地吸水膨胀行为。     

TBC复配增塑对聚氯乙烯防水卷材性能影响的研究

探讨了邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)和柠檬酸三丁酯(TBC)两种增塑剂对聚氯乙烯(PVC)防水卷材拉伸性能、撕裂性能、尺寸稳定性及增塑剂迁移率的影响。结果表明:在同等增塑剂用量的情况下,TBC增塑体系的力学性能优于DOP增塑体系,但尺寸稳定性和增塑剂迁移率较差。随着TBC/DOP复配体系中TBC含量的增加,PVC防水卷材的断裂伸长率、撕裂强度和尺寸稳定性均呈先增大后减小的趋势,而拉伸强度呈先增大后减小再增大的趋势,增塑剂迁移率呈增大趋势。当TBC/DOP以1:3复配时,PVC防水卷材的拉伸性能、撕裂性能、尺寸稳定性及增塑剂迁移率总体比较理想,均能满足GB/T 12592—2011的要求。     

PVC防水卷材的配方研究

研究了利用废旧软聚氯乙烯回收料(旧料)生产PVC塑料防水卷材的配方及其对卷材拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,PVC塑料卷材的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随PVC树脂添加比例增加而提高,而相同添加量的SG-3型PVC树脂比SG-5型PVC树脂的拉伸性能高；在试验范围内,增塑剂用量增加,卷材的拉伸强度降低,伸长率先升后降；添加CPE能提高PVC卷材伸长率,但拉伸强度有所下降。当CaCO_3用量低于20份时,卷材的拉伸强度和伸长率随CaCO_3添加量增加而提高。PVC防水卷材的优选配方(质量份)：旧料85份,PVC树脂(SG-3型)15份,DOP 5份,CPE 3份,稳定剂(TLS)0．6份,其它助剂适量。     

硫酸钡粉体在PVC-U复合材料中的应用

对硫酸钡粉体应用于PVC—U复合材料进行了初步研究，着重论述了各组分对复合材料的力学性能和相对密度的影响，利用激光粒度测试仪对硫酸钡粉体进行了测试，得到了粒径分布曲线和累计曲线。结果表明，PVC树脂质量对复合材料的力学性能影响很大，对相对密度影响不大：当硫酸钡用量相同时，硫酸钡的活化与否与粒径大小对复合材料的相对密度影响不大；当硫酸钡用量增加时，复合材料拉伸强度降低，相对密度增加；随着DOP用量的增加，复合材料的拉伸强度降低，断裂伸长率显著增大，相对密度下降。     

CPE/PVC共混体系对增塑产品性能的影响

PVC/CPE共混体系对增塑产品性能的影响,与CPE的氯含量和加入的CPE份数有关,含氟量42％的CPE对PVC的增塑贡献较含氯量36％的CPE大。制品的加热损失率随CPE树脂的氧含量增大而增加、拉伸强度下降、邵氏硬度降低、断裂伸长率增大。共混体系随着加入CPE—42份数的增加,拉伸强度下降、断裂伸长率和邵氏硬度大大地得到改善、加热损失率明显降低、低温冷冻复位时间明显缩小。     

碳酸钙对PVC防水卷材性能的影响

采用碳酸钙填充,邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)改性制备了PVC防水卷材,研究了DOP、轻质碳酸钙(PCC)和重质碳酸钙(GCC)对PVC防水卷材力学性能、加工性能以及微观结构的影响。结果表明:随着DOP含量的增加,PVC防水卷材的拉伸强度和撕裂强度下降,断裂伸长率增加,加工性能得到很大改善。在碳酸钙含量一定的情况下,GCC填充体系的力学性能优于PCC填充体系,但加工性能稍差。当DOP含量为50份,GCC含量为20~30份时,加工过程容易,拉伸强度最大,为14.58 MPa,撕裂强度最大,为69.15 N/mm,保证了体系在较好加工性能的前提下,使材料具有优良的力学性能。通过扫描电镜发现,随着DOP含量的增加,界面变得更加平整光滑,两者相容性更好;在碳酸钙含量20份的情况下,重钙体系的界面模糊且平整光滑,相容性较好,而轻钙体系的界面相对清晰且粗糙,相容性较差。     

PVC/TPU/NBR三元共混物的制备及性能研究

对PVC／热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）／SR三元共混物的性能进行研究，重点讨论NBR品种、TPU／NBR并用比、PVC聚合度、增塑剂DOP和硫化剂DCP用量对PVC／TPU／NBR三元共混物性能的影响。结果表明。PVC／TPU／NBR-3604三元共混物的物理性能较优；PVC／TPU／NBR-3604三元共混物的拉断伸长率和拉断永久变形均随着PVC聚合度的增大基本呈上升趋势；随着增塑剂DOP用量的增大，共混物的邵尔A型硬度、拉伸强度、撕裂强度和拉断永久变形均基本呈下降趋势，拉断伸长率增大；随着硫化剂DCP用量的增大。共混物的拉伸强度和拉断伸长率变化不大，撕裂强度基本呈逐渐减小的趋势。不同PVC／TPU／SR三元共混物的扫描电子显微镜照片表明，NBR与PVC和TPU的相容性较好。     

PE-C增韧PVC防水卷材的性能研究

为改善聚氯乙烯(PVC)防水卷材的性能,用不同组分的氯化聚乙烯(PE-C)与PVC共混,并用邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)作为增塑剂进行改性.结果表明,随着PE-C、DOP含量的增加,PVC防水卷材的拉伸强度、硬度单调减小,其中拉伸强度最低减小47.6%,硬度最低减小9.8%;断裂伸长率和熔体流动速率单调增加,最大增加值分别为62%、644%.比较不同组分试样的拉伸曲线发现,DOP含量为20 g,PVC、PE-C配比为70/30时,其拉伸曲线有屈服现象产生;但PE-C含量对拉伸曲线的形态无影响,无屈服现象.扫描电子显微镜照片从微观形态上验证了实验结果的合理性.     

PVC/CM热塑性弹性体的开发研究

研究了氯化聚乙烯橡胶(CM)的牌号及用量、增塑剂用量对PVC/CM热塑性弹性体性能的影响.试验结果表明:①PVC与CM5236用量比为100∶10、DOP用量为80份时,PVC/CM热塑性弹性体的力学性能最佳,拉伸强度可以达到12 MPa,断裂伸长率可达到400%~500%,而硬度则保持在65(邵氏A)左右;②高聚合度...     

塑化温度和成型温度对增塑PVC及PVC／PNBR弹性体力学性能的影响

当塑化温度分别为135℃和150℃时,通过测定不同成型温度下（145、150、155、160℃）压片制得的增塑PVC和PVC／PNBR共混物的断裂伸长率、拉伸强度、硬度和拉伸永久变形,研究了塑化温度和成型温度对试样力学性能的影响。结果表明：①150℃塑化温度下,物料塑化得更完全,PVC分子链间的作用力增强,试样的拉伸强度、拉伸永久变形、硬度增大;②在成型温度为145-155℃范围内,试样的断裂伸长率、拉伸强度随成型温度的提高都显著增大;③与塑化温度相比,成型温度对试样力学性能的影响更大。     

The effect of an epoxidized plasticizer on the thermo-oxidative ageing of poly(vinyl chloride)/epoxidized natural rubber thermoplastic elastomers

The effects of an epoxidized plasticizer on the mechanical properties and thermo-oxidative ageing behaviour of poly(vinyl chloride)/epoxidized natural rubber thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) were investigated. Aged and unaged blends were characterized by FTIR, tensile properties, tear strength, hardness and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The properties of the epoxidized soya oil (ESO) plasticized TPEs were compared with those of the di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DOP) plasticized counterparts. The presence of epoxide groups in ESO has been shown to produce two conflicting effects. On the one hand, the presence of excessive epoxide groups has resulted in poor ageing behaviour. On the other hand, it has resulted in a good interaction and compatibility with PVC/ENR. It was found that the tensile strength of the ESO plasticized blends were comparable with the DOP plasticized ones, but the elongation at break (EB) of the ESO blends fell short of that of the DOP blends. Also the retention of both tensile properties for the ESO blends was poorer than for DOP blends. Hardening and embrittlement also occurred in the ESO blends. Despite these weaknesses, ESO could be an ideal plasticizer for the PVC/ENR system as indicated by plasticizer permanence and the greater efficiency of plasticization. © 1998 SCI.     

Mechanical and barrier properties of polyvinyl chloride plasticized with dioctyl phthalate,epoxidized soybean oil,and epoxidized cardanol

Plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films were prepared by melt compounding and compression molding using epoxidized cardanol (EC), a biobased plasticizer and its plasticization effect was compared with epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) and dioctyl phthalate (DOP). The mechanical, migration, thermal, and barrier properties of the plasticized films were compared. The effect of replacing DOP with EC on the properties of PVC films was also investigated. The tensile strength, elongation at break, tensile modulus and impact strength values of PVC/EC films were higher in comparison to PVC/DOP and PVC/ESBO films at a fixed plasticizer loading of 40 wt.%. Also, the films prepared with a mixture of DOP + EC showed higher tensile strength and elongation at break compared to that of films prepared with only DOP. The PVC/EC films showed good thermal stability and reduced oxygen transmission rate (OTR) compared to PVC/DOP films. The addition of graphene and nanoclay in the PVC/plasticizer system exhibited an increase in oxygen transmission. However, the oxygen barrier property of nano filler incorporated PVC/EC films was better than PVC/DOP films. All the films showed negligible water vapor transmission rate (WVTR).