羧甲基壳聚糖微球对曙红Y的吸附研究

以壳聚糖粉末为原料,戊二醛进行交联、羧甲基化,制得羧甲基壳聚糖微球。采用SEM对壳聚糖微球的形貌、大小进行了表征,研究羧甲基壳聚糖微球对曙红Y的吸附性能。探讨吸附剂用量、吸附时间、曙红Y的初始浓度、pH、温度对脱色率的影响,研究吸附等温曲线和动力学方程。实验结果表明,曙红Y初始浓度增加时,吸附量也增加,直到吸附饱和,羧甲基壳聚糖的饱和吸附量为75 mg/g;相同条件下,吸附剂用量增加时,平衡吸附量减小,去除率增加。298 K,吸附剂投加量为1 g,pH=7.0,吸附时间为40 min时,初始浓度为560 mg/L的曙红Y染料的去除率可以达到90%以上。符合Langmuir等温方程和二级吸附动力学方程。     

磁性多孔Fe(OH)3微球制备及其在含磷废水处理中的应用

利用诱导成球法制备磁性Fe3O4粒子为核的Fe(OH)3多孔微球,以X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)等对其进行结构表征,采用静态吸附法对磁性多孔微球去除水中H2PO4-的性能进行了实验研究,考察了吸附剂用量、H2PO4-初始浓度、溶液pH值等因素对吸附的影响,分析了其吸附等温线及对H2PO4-的吸附动力学. 结果表明,Langmuir方程能较好地描述吸附平衡,其吸附动力学符合Lagergren二级方程. 磁性多孔微球对H2PO4-有很强的去除能力,在吸附剂用量0.8 g/L,pH 2.5~9,吸附时间150 min的条件下,磁性多孔微球对H2PO4-的去除率可达98%以上.     

H-103树脂处理含酚废水的实验研究

研究了H-103大孔吸附树脂对600~1000 mg/L苯酚水溶液中酚的吸附,考察了初始酚浓度、溶液pH值及温度对吸附性能的影响. 结果表明,在20 min内吸附达到平衡,吸附动力学可用拟二级动力学模型描述. 苯酚在大孔树脂上的吸附等温线很好地符合Langmuir吸附等温方程,在25℃下其饱和吸附量和Langmuir常数分别为86.00 mg/g和0.2719 L/mg.     

热改性生物质炭微球及对水中结晶紫的吸附

利用油茶果壳制备了一种生物质炭微球,并且对其进行热改性后用于对水中结晶紫的吸附去除研究。BET表征结果表明改性后的炭微球中有较多中孔结构,比表面积可达349.240m~2/g。吸附实验考察了溶液吸附动力学、溶液pH值的影响和等温吸附。实验结果表明在结晶紫溶液的pH为8时其吸附效果最佳,动力学实验结果表明在120min时油茶籽壳生物质炭微球对结晶紫的吸附可达到吸附平衡,且动力学拟合的结果显示其动力学吸附行为更符合拟二级动力学模型。吸附等温线数据较符合Langmuir模型(R20.96),在25℃下,热改性处理后的油茶籽壳生物质炭微球吸附结晶紫的最大吸附量达到了40.1mg/g。     

碱性树脂吸附富马酸及富马酸与葡萄糖的分离

从6种碱性离子交换树脂中筛选得到强碱性树脂IRA-400,考察了该树脂在不同pH值、不同葡萄糖浓度下对富马酸和葡萄糖的吸附及富马酸在该树脂上的静态吸附等温线、吸附动力学及动态吸附与洗脱. 结果表明,在高葡萄糖浓度下,树脂IRA-400对富马酸的亲合力均大于对葡萄糖的亲合力;对富马酸的吸附等温线符合Freundlich方程,方程的特征参数n>1,属优惠吸附;不同pH值下的吸附动力学研究表明,液膜扩散是吸附过程的主要控制步骤,符合Boyd液膜扩散模型,液膜扩散速率常数k￠均小于0.15 min-1;动态实验结果表明,采用去离子水和1.0 mol/L NaOH交替洗脱树脂,可实现葡萄糖和富马酸的有效分离.     

蛋壳膜对有机染料的吸附脱色作用研究

蛋壳膜是一种大孔型的生物活性吸附材料,具有较大的比表面积。研究了蛋壳膜对有机染料曙红B的吸附脱色作用。试验考察了吸附时间、溶液pH值、温度对吸附脱色的影响。吸附平衡时间为100min;最佳pH值吸附条件为2．0;蛋壳膜对曙红B的吸附量随温度升高而增加。在常温下,蛋壳膜对曙红B的脱色率达95％以上,最大吸附量为40．9mg／g,其吸附行为符合Freundlich吸附等温线。     

稻壳对三种染料的吸附性能研究

用稻壳吸附剂对甲基紫、孔雀绿、维多利亚蓝三种染料废水进行吸附实验,研究了室温条件下染料溶液pH值、稻壳吸附时间、染料初始浓度等因素对吸附效果的影响。在室温条件下稻壳对三种染料具有较好的吸附脱色效果,当pH=6时脱色率最高;稻壳对三种染料的吸附符合准二级反应动力学模型,较好符合Langmiur等温线方程。     

NaHCO_3处理胶乳生产污泥制备吸附剂对阳离子染料的吸附

以胶乳生产厂脱水污泥为原料、1.40mol/L的NaHCO_3作膨胀剂,60℃浸渍并超声处理30min,污泥烘干后再经高温炭化制备吸附剂,将其用于吸附阳离子兰X-GRRL染料溶液,考察炭化温度、炭化时间、吸附剂粒径、吸附剂投加量、吸附时间及溶液pH对吸附效果的影响,并对其吸附动力学和吸附等温线类型进行了探讨。结果表明:污泥在炭化温度700℃、炭化时间120min的条件下,制备的吸附剂(粒径0.75mm)的比表面积为118.95m~2/g,孔隙结构较为发达,对染料溶液吸附效果最佳;在振荡频率150r/min、吸附温度为25℃±0.10℃、初始染料质量浓度为250mg/L、吸附剂投加量为1.20g/L、溶液pH为5.47、吸附时间为300min时,溶液脱色率可达98.30%,染料吸附量为204.80mg/g;其吸附动力学可用准二级动力学方程进行描述;符合Langmuir型吸附等温线,属于单分子层吸附;吸附剂浸出液及吸附处理后的染料溶液的COD值分别为4.00mg/L和20.00mg/L,不会对水体造成二次污染。     

氢氧化镁改性硅藻土对水中活性红的吸附性能研究

对氢氧化镁改性硅藻土吸附去除活性红染料的行为进行了研究,探讨了pH值、吸附剂用量、NaCl浓度等因素对吸附脱色率的影响.结果显示当改性硅藻土投加量为6 g/L,溶液pH值为6,NaCl浓度为4 mol/L,该吸附剂对活性红溶液的脱色率可达95％.实验结果也表明氢氧化镁改性硅藻土对活性红的吸附符合Langmuir等温模型和准二级动力学模型,最大吸附量为64.94 mg/g.热力学研究表明氢氧化镁改性硅藻土对活性红的吸附是一自发、放热过程.     

NaHCO处理胶乳生产污泥制备吸附剂对阳离子染料的吸附

以胶乳生产厂脱水污泥为原料、1.40mol/L的NaHCO₃作膨胀剂,60℃浸渍并超声处理30min,污泥烘干后再经高温炭化制备吸附剂,将其用于吸附阳离子兰X-GRRL染料溶液,考察炭化温度、炭化时间、吸附剂粒径、吸附剂投加量、吸附时间及溶液pH对吸附效果的影响,并对其吸附动力学和吸附等温线类型进行了探讨。结果表明：污泥在炭化温度700℃、炭化时间120min的条件下,制备的吸附剂（粒径<0.75mm）的比表面积为118.95m²/g,孔隙结构较为发达,对染料溶液吸附效果最佳;在振荡频率150r/min、吸附温度为25℃±0.10℃、初始染料质量浓度为250mg/L、吸附剂投加量为1.20g/L、溶液pH为5.47、吸附时间为300min时,溶液脱色率可达98.30%,染料吸附量为204.80mg/g;其吸附动力学可用准二级动力学方程进行描述;符合Langmuir型吸附等温线,属于单分子层吸附;吸附剂浸出液及吸附处理后的染料溶液的COD值分别为4.00mg/L和20.00mg/L,不会对水体造成二次污染。     

Adsorption of zinc onto anionic ion-exchange resin from cyanide barren solution☆

Removal of zinc from cyanide barren solution is obligatory for its reuse in leach process. Batch experiments were carried out to evaluate the adsorption capacity of resins under different experimental conditions, including con-centration, resin amount, initial pH, contact time and temperature. More than 99%of adsorption was achieved under the optimal condition. High adsorption rates on the resin were observed at the beginning and plateau values were obtalned in 60 min. The thermodynamic parameters (free energy changeΔG, enthalpy changeΔS and entropy changeΔH) for the adsorption were evaluated. The adsorption kinetic mechanism was studied with four models. The experimental results show that the adsorption follows the Langmuir isotherm and the kinetics follows the pseudo-second-order model.     

大孔树脂对贯叶连翘中金丝桃素的静态吸附

考察了18种不同类型的大孔树脂对贯叶连翘中金丝桃素的静态吸附和解吸效果,并对3种效果较好的树脂进行了吸附动力学研究;比较了上样液pH对吸附效果的影响;探讨了NKA-9树脂在25℃等温吸附过程,并应用Langmuir方程进行了拟合。结果表明,弱极性树脂NKA-9对金丝桃素吸附解吸作用最好,到达吸附平衡时间为1h左右,吸附量可达12.45mg/g干树脂。上样液最佳pH=4,上样液pH对树脂的吸附有很大影响。NKA-9树脂对金丝桃素的吸附为单分子吸附,符合Langmuir吸附理论。     

Dowex50W-X树脂吸附硫酸溶液中的锶

In this study,strontium adsorption from sulfuric acid solution by different Dowex 50W-X ion exchange resins was investigated.Among these resins,Dowex 50W-X8 resin showed the maximum sorption of strontium from the aqueous solutions.The effect of pH,contact time,mass of resin,temperature,and concentration of interfering ions on strontium adsorption were evaluated to determine the optimum conditions of strontium sorption process.The kinetic models of sorption were analyzed using pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models.The results indicated that the pseudo-second order kinetic model was more appropriate than the other one.Moreover,the data obtained in this study were fitted into several sorption isotherm models and it was found that the Langmuir sorption isotherm shows the best fitting to the experimental data.     

大孔吸附树脂XAD-4对聚乙二醇的吸附性能

以大孔吸附树脂XAD-4为吸附剂,采用静态平衡吸附法吸附模拟聚乙二醇(PEG)废水,考察了初始pH值、吸附时间、吸附剂投加量和温度等因素对PEG去除效果的影响. 结果表明,pH值对吸附过程的影响可忽略不计. 当XAD-4树脂投加量为0.3 g/L时,PEG去除率可达89%,平衡吸附量Qe=59.95 mg/g. PEG在XAD-4树脂表面上均一分布,Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich和Sips模型可较好地模拟其等温吸附过程. 不同温度下均为自发的放热吸附过程. 动态吸附数据符合拟二级动力学方程.     

Study of uranium adsorption using amidoximated polyacrylonitrile‐encapsulated macroporous beads

Polyacrylonitrile beads, containing the amidoximated polyacrylonitrile, were prepared for adsorption of uranium. The synthesized amidoximated polyacrylonitrile chelating beads were evaluated, for their ability to adsorb uranium from aqueous solution, at different temperatures and pH values. The kinetic measurement showed that about 120 min of equilibration time was enough, to remove saturation amount of uranium from the solution. The pseudo first‐order and pseudo second‐order equations were used to analyze the kinetic data, and the rate constants were determined. The equilibrium adsorption data were examined by the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms. The data showed a better fit to the Langmuir isotherm. The loaded uranium could also be leached out from the beads, by treating with dilute acids. The uranium uptake capacity of the polymeric beads was found to be 3.5 mg/g of the swollen beads. Reusability of the beads was also established by multiple adsorption–desorption experiments. The pore volume and the surface area of the dried beads, measured by BET method, were found to be 1.93 cc/g and 320 m²/g, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Efficient Removal of Hg(II) by Polymer-Supported Hydrated Metal Oxides from Aqueous Solution

Chelating PS-EDTA resins modified by metal (Fe, Al, and Zr) oxides were used as adsorbents to remove Hg(II) from aqueous solutions. The modified resins were characterized by BET, FTIR, and XPS. The amino, carboxylate, and the metal oxides on resins exhibited a synergistic effect for Hg(II) removal. It was observed that the modification of PS-EDTA resin not only increased the adsorption of Hg(II) but also accelerated the adsorption rate of Hg(II). The equilibrium data of Hg(II) were best described by the Freundlich isotherm, and the kinetics were found to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Also, thermodynamic parameters showed that Hg(II) adsorption was endothermic and spontaneous in nature. The increasing the concentration (0.1–2.0 g/L) of NaNO₃ in Hg(II) solution did not affect the adsorption of Hg(II). Moreover, the competitive adsorption indicated that the modified resins had higher selectivity towards Hg(II) over Cd(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), or Cu(II) in a binary system. All of the above results indicated that the modified resin was an efficient and reusable adsorbent for Hg(II) removal due to its simple preparation, high adsorption capacity, fast adsorption rate, ionic strength independence, high selectivity, and good reusability. These properties are of potential application in the fixed-bed continuous-flow column for Hg(II) removal from wastewaters.     

不同分子质量的腐殖酸对溴离子在MIEX树脂上吸附行为的影响

采用静态吸附法研究了不同分子量的腐殖酸对溴离子(Br?)在MIEX树脂上吸附行为的影响. 结果表明,pH为中性时,4种腐殖酸(分子量分别为小于1000, 1000?5000, 5000?10000, 大于10000)使MIEX树脂对Br?的去除率从80.05%分别降至75.39%, 26.32%, 42.67%和49.03%,而酸性(pH<5.0)或碱性(pH>9.0)时,各种腐殖酸则会促进Br?去除,pH为11.0时去除效率增加最明显. 分子量大于10000的腐殖酸可将吸附平衡时间由60 min缩短至20 min,分子质量1000?5000和5000?10000的腐殖酸可将吸附平衡时间缩短至40 min. 但不论有无腐殖酸,MIEX树脂对Br?的吸附过程均符合拟二级反应动力学模型. 不同分子量的腐殖酸均能明显降低Br?在MIEX树脂上的吸附平衡容量,分子量大于10000的腐殖酸影响最大,但均不改变吸附平衡模型类型,吸附平衡规律用Langmuir与Freundlich模型均可很好描述. 不同分子量的腐殖酸对MIEX树脂去除Br?的影响与溶液pH值密切相关,腐殖酸会加速Br?在树脂上的吸附过程,但不改变吸附平衡及动力学模型类型.     

Adsorption of anionic dyes on poly(epicholorohydrin dimethylamine) modified bentonite in single and mixed dye solutions

The performance of poly(epicholorohydrin dimethylamine) modified bentonite (EPIDMA/bentonite) as an adsorbent to remove anionic dyes, namely Direct Fast Scarlet, Eosin Y and Reactive Violet K-3R, was investigated in single, binary and ternary dye systems. In adsorption experiments in single dye solutions, the adsorption of the three dyes onto EPIDMA/bentonite was described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. At low dosage of EPIDMA/bentonite, preferential adsorption was observed for the dye with higher affinity to the adsorbent in mixed dye systems. The reduction in uptake of the dye with increasing equilibrium dye concentration in the isotherm and desorption in the kinetic curves were observed for the dye with lower affinity. The total amount of dyes adsorbed versus the total equilibrium dye concentrations were fitted well by the Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetics of the total adsorbed amount of dyes followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The effect of the dosage of adsorbent on color removal efficiency, residual color distribution and adsorption kinetics was investigated.