与CMOS工艺兼容的硅高速光电探测器模拟与设计

用器件模拟的方法,设计了一种与常规CMOS 工艺兼容的硅高速光电探测器,该探测器可与CMOS接收机电路单片集成,对该探测器进行了器件模拟研究,给出了该探测器的电路模型.通过MOSIS(MOS implementation support project) 0.35μm COMS工艺制做了该探测器,实际测试了该器件的频率响应和波长响应,探测器频率响应在1GHz以上,峰值波长响应在0.69μm.     

与CMOS工艺兼容的硅高速光电探测器模拟与设计

用器件模拟的方法,设计了一种与常规CMOS 工艺兼容的硅高速光电探测器,该探测器可与CMOS接收机电路单片集成,对该探测器进行了器件模拟研究,给出了该探测器的电路模型.通过MOSIS(MOS implementation support project) 0.35μm COMS工艺制做了该探测器,实际测试了该器件的频率响应和波长响应,探测器频率响应在1GHz以上,峰值波长响应在0.69μm.     

MS/RF CMOS工艺兼容的光电探测器

为实现光纤通信系统中的单片光电集成,采用工业标准工艺设计了硅基光电探测器,讨论了光电探测器的机理,提出了五种新的探测器结构,并采用TSMC 0.18μm MS/RF CMOS工艺进行了流片.利用半导体测试仪对芯片进行了测试,包括探测器的暗电流、响应度和结电容,并分析了深n阱、浅沟槽隔离等工艺步骤对探测器参数的影响.结果表明,利用标准MS/RF CMOS工艺实现的光电探测器具有良好的特性.     

MS/RF CMOS工艺兼容的光电探测器模拟与测试

设计了一种新型的与MS／RF CMOS工艺全兼容、带深n阱（DNW）、浅沟槽隔离（STI）的双光电探测器，分析了其工作机理，用器件模拟软件ATLAS对其暗电流、响应电流、光调制频率响应和波长响应进行了模拟。采用TSMC 0．18μm MS／RF CMOS工艺进行了流片，对芯片进行了暗电流和响应度的测试。模拟和测试结果均表明。该探测器与常规双光电探测器相比，具有较低的暗电流和较高的响应度。     

MS/RF CMOS工艺兼容的光电探测器

为实现光纤通信系统中的单片光电集成，采用工业标准工艺设计了硅基光电探测器，讨论了光电探测器的机理，提出了五种新的探测器结构，并采用TSMC 0.18μm MS/RF CMOS工艺进行了流片. 利用半导体测试仪对芯片进行了测试，包括探测器的暗电流、响应度和结电容，并分析了深n阱、浅沟槽隔离等工艺步骤对探测器参数的影响. 结果表明，利用标准MS/RF CMOS工艺实现的光电探测器具有良好的特性.     

标准CMOS工艺下单片集成光接收芯片的研究

设计了与标准CMOS工艺兼容的850 nm空间调制(Spatially Modulated,SM)结构光电探测器,在分析器件物理模型的基础上,建立了SPECTRE环境中等效电路的新模型.提出标准CMOS工艺下SM探测器与前置放大电路单片集成的电路设计.仿真结果表明,在850 nm光照下,SM探测器带宽达到400 MHz,并提供62 mA/W的响应度.整个集成芯片的工作速率为400 Mb/s,增益为0.81 kV/W,功耗为91 mW.     

CMOS兼容光电单片接收机的模拟与设计

设计了与CMOS工艺兼容的光电单片接收机电路,其中包括光电探测器、前置放大器和主放大器.它采用0.6μm CMOS工艺,可在自备的高阻外延片上使用MPW(multi-project wafer)进行流水.其中光电探测器的工作波长为850nm,响应度为0.2A/W,接收灵敏度为-16dBm,带宽为800MHz,因此适用于VSR(very short reach)系统.前置放大器采用电流模反馈放大器,主放大器输出为LVDS(low voltage differential signals)电平.通过器件模拟与电路模拟统一的方法将光电探测器与接收机放大电路进行统一模拟,分析了电路的限制因素,并提出了相应的改进方法.     

横向多晶硅p+p-n+结非致冷红外焦平面

应用标准CMOS工艺,同时结合体硅微机械加工技术,研制成功横向多晶硅p p-n 微测辐射热计单元;基于研制成功的微测辐射热计,设计了规模为128×128面阵的非致冷红外焦平面.采用标准CMOS工艺制作横向多晶硅p p-n 结热敏响应元和读出电路;在CMOS工艺完成后,辅以与CMOS工艺兼容的体硅微机械加工工艺,制备微桥形式的热绝缘结构,从而方便地实现了CMOS读出电路与探测器阵列的单片集成.在3～5 μm红外波段,微测辐射热计的电压响应率为5.7×103 V/W,黑体探测率D·为1.2×108 cm·Hz1/2·W-1.焦平面采用行读出模式的结构,信号读出采用栅调制积分电路,输出级采用外接负载电阻的源极跟随电路,将探测器单元产生的信号按顺序串行单端输出.     

化学水浴法合成硫化铅探测器的红外响应研究

硫化铅探测器具有短波红外高灵敏度、低俄歇噪声等优点,其中化学水浴法合成的硫化铅薄膜可与CMOS半导体工艺兼容,有利于实现低成本高性能的面阵探测器。然而,目前对化学水浴法合成硫化铅探测器的研究主要集中在较大尺寸的单元探测器。本文基于化学水浴法合成硫化铅薄膜,利用离子束刻蚀工艺,制备了10～200μm尺寸的硫化铅光电探测器,研究了器件光电性能随电阻、长宽比、线宽等参数的变化。结果表明,随着尺寸的减小,硫化铅光电探测器的响应度逐渐增加,在1550 nm短波红外光的照射下,10μm级器件的响应度达到了51.68 A/W,约为200μm级器件的123倍,且在可见光和2.7μm红外波长下也具有良好的宽波段光电响应。本文研究的微米尺寸探测器件可为硫化铅探测器研究提供一定的支撑。     

基于CMOS的高响应度太赫兹探测器线阵

本文提出了一种基于CMOS 0.18μm工艺的改进型高响应度太赫兹探测器线阵,各探测像素单元由高增益片上天线、高耦合度差分自混频功率探测电路和集成电压放大器组成。其中,差分探测电路利用源极差分驱动场效应管的交叉耦合电容,将太赫兹差分信号耦合至场效应管的栅极与源极,增强场效应管沟道内自混频太赫兹信号的强度,实现高响应度。其次,该探测器配备高增益片上环形差分天线与集成电压放大器,可有效放大混频后的信号,进而提高系统信噪比,最终达到增强探测器响应度的目的。探测器1×3线阵系统充分利用CMOS工艺多层结构的特点,将电压放大器布置在天线地平面下方,提高了芯片面积的利用率,有效降低了制作成本,整个系统的面积为0.5 mm²。测试结果表明,当场效应管的栅极偏置为0.42 V时,该探测系统对0.3 THz辐射信号的电压响应度(Rv)最大可达到43.8 kV/W,对应的最小噪声等效功率(NEP)为20.5 pW/Hz^1/2。动态测试结果显示该探测器可对不同材质的隔挡物进行区分。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.