混合多羧酸、复配催化剂对真丝织物抗皱整理的探讨

探讨了柠檬酸(CA)和1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)混合用于真丝织物无甲醛抗皱整理的效果,分析了在相同的整理工艺条件下,用不同配比的CA和BTCA整理真丝织物的折皱回复角、断裂强力、增重率和硬挺度的变化,得出w(CA)为4%、w(BTCA)为4%较合适.同时探讨了在相同的整理工艺条件下,用含磷和不含磷的混合催化剂整理的效果,结果证明混合的无磷催化剂柠檬酸钠和酒石酸钠,可代替含磷的混合催化剂.     

棉织物的低用量BTCA/免烫树脂复合抗皱整理

采用低用量丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)和免烫树脂对纯棉织物进行复合抗皱整理。研究了免烫树脂用量和不同整理工艺对棉织物抗皱性能的影响,探讨了不同整理工艺对BTCA与棉织物酯交联度和整理织物甲醛释放量的影响。结果表明:采用BTCA和免烫树脂对棉织物两步法抗皱整理时,BTCA的酯交联度高,整理织物具有较好的抗皱性,折皱回复角(WRA)由原布的128°提高至250°,纬向撕破强力保留率为63.3%,同时整理织物的甲醛释放量比单独用免烫树脂降低了近一半。     

棉织物的改性纤维素纳米晶抗皱整理

通过漆酶/TEMPO体系将纤维素纳米晶(CNC)上的羟基氧化成醛基,与吉拉尔特试剂T(GT)发生席夫碱反应,制得阳离子化纤维素纳米晶(CNC-GT);再将CNC-GT与1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)、壳聚糖(CS)复配,并将其应用于棉织物的抗皱整理。研究了CNC-GT/BTCA和CNC-GT/CS/BTCA复配对棉织物折皱回复角、力学性能、白度、染色性能以及耐水洗性能的影响。结果表明,与BTCA抗皱整理效果相比,CNC-GT与BTCA复配可将织物强力保留率提高6%,而CNC-GT/CS/BTCA复配可将织物强力保留率提高13%,折皱回复角提高31°。CNC-GT/CS/BTCA整理织物染色性能得到改善,耐水洗性能良好,且对织物白度没有影响。     

棉织物的混合多元羧酸-壳聚糖防皱整理

以1，2，3，4-丁烷四羧酸（BTCA）、柠檬酸（CA）和壳聚糖（CTA）共同对棉织物进行防皱整理，讨论了工艺因素对整理效果的影响，并测定了整理织物的染色性能。研究结果表明，防皱整理的最佳工艺条件为：BTCA与CA的质量之比1：1，多羧酸8％，壳聚糖0．10％，次亚磷酸钠6％，三乙醇胺3％，180℃焙烘2min。整理后会使织物染色深度下降，颜色有所变化，但基本不影响染色牢度。     

壳聚糖和BTCA对棉织物多功能整理的研究

研究了壳聚糖(CTA)和丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)对棉织物免烫抗菌多功能整理的工艺条件，分析了壳聚糖与BTCA的混合比及整理工艺条件对整理效果的影响。壳聚糖作为抗菌免烫整理剂，与BTCA混合同浴整理的织物在整理和服用过程中无甲醛释放，且抗菌免烫效果良好。     

添加剂在竹纤维BTCA抗皱整理中的应用

本文应用无甲醛的多元羧酸-1，2，3，4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)作为抗皱整理剂对竹纤维织物进行抗皱整理，讨论了添加剂-三乙醇胺和乙二醇在BTCA对竹纤维抗皱整理中的应用。结果表明：三乙醇胺和乙二醇作为BTCA抗皱整理中的添加剂，能有效地保持竹纤维织物的强力，对解决竹纤维织物弹力与强力之间的矛盾具有一定的作用。比较而言，三乙醇胺的作用效果要优于乙二醇。     

BTCA抗皱整理对棉织物机械性能的影响

采用1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)对棉织物进行抗皱整理。研究了低温长时间焙烘和高温短时间焙烘条件下整理剂质量浓度,以及整理液p H值对织物抗皱性能和机械性能的影响。结果表明,优化工艺为:BTCA 100 g/L,SHP 0.9 mol/L,pH值3.0,160℃焙烘150 s。整理织物的抗皱性能明显提高,机械性能和手感较好。     

响应面法优化BTCA-CA棉织物抗皱整理工艺（英文）

采用1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)与柠檬酸(CA)复配对棉织物进行抗皱整理,基于响应面法(RSM)建立了该工艺的二次多项式数学模型。利用模型对整理工艺进行分析和优化,并通过实验数据对模型的有效性进行验证。模型的因变量为折皱回复角(WRA)和断裂强力,自变量为BTCA用量,CA用量,次亚磷酸钠(SHP)用量,培烘温度和培烘时间。模型的方差分析(ANOVA)表明,培烘时间对回复角影响最大,BTCA用量和CA用量、培烘温度、SHP用量的影响程度依次降低;对于断裂强力来说,培烘时间对断裂强力影响程度最大,培烘温度、SHP用量、CA用量、BTCA用量的影响程度依次降低。优化工艺为:BTCA 50g/L,CA 45g/L,SHP 33g/L,162℃培烘63s。整理织物的折皱回复角为260°,断裂强力保留率为72%。     

PMA和BTCA混合多元羧酸棉织物抗皱整理工艺研究

研究了以马来酸为单体合成的聚马来酸(PMA)和BTCA混合多元羧酸对棉织物的抗皱整理工艺,在整理液中添加硼酸以提高整理后织物强力保留率.实验结果表明:在PMA和BTCA混合多元酸中加入硼酸对棉织物具有优良的抗皱性能,折皱回复角可达276°,断裂强力保留率为72%,并且具有很高的耐洗性.     

纯苎麻织物的抗皱整理工艺研究

采用BTCA和丝胶蛋白混合整理液对苎麻织物进行抗皱整理,通过控制变量法讨论丝胶蛋白浓度、BTCA浓度和轧余率对苎麻织物抗皱效果的影响。结果表明,最佳整理工艺参数为丝胶蛋白的浓度10g/L,BTCA的浓度80 g/L,轧余率80%时,整理后的苎麻织物具有优异的抗皱性能,其抗皱回复角提高了236%,织物手感柔软,白度基本无明显变化,而力学性能略有下降。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Detection of adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum by capillary electrophoresis and polarized light microscopy

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH₃CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH₂PO₄-20.6 mM Na₂B₄O₇ buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.