炼焦煤镜质组反射率分布、焦炭光学组织与焦炭热性质的相关性研究

通过对进厂单种煤及炼焦配合煤在准确测定镜质组反射率分布的基础上,结合40kg小焦炉实验,以期表明焦炭光学组织与镜质组反射率分布特征的关系,以及焦炭光学组织组成对焦炭反应后强度的影响规律,从而更好地指导炼焦配煤生产,提高焦炭的热反应强度。     

炼焦煤镜质组反射率分布对焦炭显微结构和热性能的影响

对近年来武钢炼焦单种煤和配合煤进行镜质组反射率分布分析,并对相应焦炭进行显微结构和热性能测试。实验发现,炼焦煤镜质组反射率分布的变化,引起焦炭显微结构的变化,而焦炭显微结构的变化最终影响焦炭的热性能;要使含碱大型高炉用焦炭的热性能保持良好,焦炭显微结构中的各显微组分要有合理的比例,细粒结构不能过高,其他各向异性结构也不能过高。     

山西炼焦煤与俄罗斯炼焦煤配煤炼焦应用探索

介绍了山西炼焦煤和俄罗斯炼焦煤的资源分布情况,并选取了几种炼焦煤进行煤质分析,发现山西炼焦煤具有黏结性强、单种煤炼焦反应后强度高等优势,而俄罗斯炼焦煤硫分极低,因此在探索山西炼焦煤配煤应用时可配入一定量的俄罗斯炼焦煤,调节入炉煤硫分,并代替稀缺的炼焦煤资源。选用8种山西炼焦煤与2种俄罗斯炼焦煤进行配煤炼焦试验,结果表明：俄罗斯炼焦煤的配入质量分数在20%～25%时,会对焦炭强度造成较大影响;当配入质量分数下降到10%时,所炼焦炭质量比较理想,因此俄罗斯炼焦煤的配入质量分数最好不超过10%。     

炼焦煤的煤岩特征对焦炭质量的影响

先选用某钢厂3种不同变质程度的生产用煤,对这3种单种煤进行了工业分析和煤质分析,并以此为基础,确定了3种配煤方案,得到3种配合煤。采用6个煤样进行40 kg捣固焦炉炼焦实验,对所得焦样进行性能检测,并分析了煤岩显微组分与焦炭冷热强度的关系,结果表明,煤岩显微特征对焦炭的性能影响较大,可以指导生产配煤。     

焦炭光学组织与煤、焦质量关系研究

分析了现行焦炭光学组织分类标准存在的问题,焦炭光学组织的常用研究方法,惰质组在焦化过程中的活性,焦炭光学组织的形成与镜质组反射率分布的关系,焦炭光学组织与焦炭质量的关系.     

煤岩学方法在分析炼焦煤质量中的应用

对炼焦煤进行工业分析,对其黏结指数、胶质层指数、煤岩指标及焦炭的光学组织和热性能进行研究,并与同类型煤质进行比较,利用煤岩学指标,判断煤的变质程度及混煤情况,可更好地鉴别炼焦煤质量.     

不同变质程度炼焦煤最佳活惰比研究

为定量描述不同变质程度炼焦煤最佳活惰比的差异,以10种单煤添加不同比例的惰性物炼制焦炭,考察焦炭显微强度(MSI)随活、惰组分比例的变化规律。研究表明,10种单煤炼制的焦炭显微强度(MSI)随活惰比变化呈现3种变化规律。采用两种数学模型,对单煤的最佳活、惰组分比例与变质程度变化规律进行拟合,论证了高斯曲线模型为描述不同变质程度煤最佳活惰比变化规律的最优数学模型,据此可得出不同变质程度煤最佳活惰比。     

炼焦煤热解过程交互行为与气孔特征的关系

选取了气煤、肥煤、焦煤3种不同变质程度的单种炼焦煤,在终温950℃下干馏成焦。通过显微图像分析法测量得到了焦炭的气孔结构参数,通过热重分析测量得到了炼焦煤热解挥发分产生过程,通过基氏塑性仪测量得到了炼焦煤的热解软化流动过程。结果发现,炼焦煤挥发分的产生与软化流动行为的相互作用决定了焦炭气孔结构的差异。     

炼焦煤中活性组分质量指标的研究

通过测出8种炼焦煤样的镜质组反射率分布图,比较加权活性组分含量与其粘结指数值的关系,结果证明,加权活性组分含量可以作为活性组分质量指标。     

不同炼焦方式对焦炭质量的影响

采用国内有代表性的焦炉进行配煤炼焦试验,探讨不同炼焦方式对焦炭质量的影响,结果表明,捣固、配型煤、配沥青炼焦均能改善焦炭质量。当入炉煤的挥发分较高、黏结性偏低时,焦炭质量改善的效果较为显著;采用捣固炼焦比配型煤、配沥青炼焦更能有效地改善焦炭的反应性和反应后强度。     

Thermogravimetric investigations in prediction of coking behaviour and coke properties derived from inertinite rich coals

The coal quality, temperature, pressure, heating rate, various processes and reactor type affect coking behaviour of coal and resulting coke properties. Several petrographic and chemical methods were proposed earlier for prediction of coking behaviour of coals. Inertinite rich coal samples (I^mmf>30 vol%) having different petrographic compositions were selected for thermogravimetric investigations (DTA, DTG and TGA) and their coking behaviour was studied. The petrographic build up, micro-structural properties (porosity and cell wall thickness) and mechanical strength of the resulted cokes were also investigated. ΔH and ΔH_max (the main endothermic area of heat absorption and fast absorbing main endothermic area, respectively) were distinguished in DTA curves. ΔA and ΔA_max (the main decomposition area and fast disintegrating main decomposition area) under DTG curves were identified. ΔH_max/ΔA_max shows good correlation with Roga's indices (RI, caking properties) as well as with petrographic caking ratio (PCR). The coarse mosaic content of cokes seem to depend on LΔT_max/ΔT_max (ratio of weight loss during fast decomposing main reaction to temperature difference) under DTG. L^mΔT/ΔT (ratio of weight loss during main decomposing reaction to temperature difference) under DTG exhibits correlation with p₁ (mean pore size) and t₁ (mean cell wall thickness) of cokes. ΔA_max/(L^mΔT_max) also indicates good relationship with mechanical strength of cokes. (L^mΔT_A−T_B)/(L^mΔT) (i.e. ratio of weight loss during main endothermic reaction under DTA to weight loss during main decomposing reaction) appears to have relationship with DD (compactness) of cokes. The course of main endothermic reaction/main decomposition reaction under DTA, DTG and TGA seems to govern coking behaviour and the resulting coke strength, which in turn is controlled by microlithotypes.     

Classification of coking coals

None of the established coal classification systems was specifically designed to meet the requirements of the modern blast furnace coke producer. Meanwhile, more stringent blast furnace coke specifications have demanded sophisticated coal blending plants and close control of coal blend quality. A coking coal classification system^* based on reflectance and dilatation is proposed for classifying single coals or coal blends with individual macrocomponents of similar rank and dilatation. Coals are grouped into classes which can be represented by four digit numbers, the first two integers representing the reflectance and the last two integers the dilatation. The basic parameters are already widely used as quality-control tools at coking plants and the procedures for their measurement are currently being standardized in the United Kingdom. It is suggested that the proposed classification system substantially fulfills the requirements of the coke-maker in that it is sensitive to small changes in coal composition and condition and the parameters used can be correlated with coke physical quality. The time appears to be opportune therefore for the implementation of such a classification system for the more efficient control of coal preparation and blending at coking plants.     

不同煤阶煤焦炭显微结构与热性质的研究

采用模拟焦炭反应性和反应后强度,研究了不同变质程度单种煤焦炭显微结构与热性质之间的关系。中等变质阶段的焦煤、肥煤和瘦煤所制焦炭有较高的各向异性,低变质程度的气煤、1/3焦煤以及高变质程度的贫煤所制焦炭各向异性程度较低。焦炭的热性质与焦炭的各向异性有很好的相关性,焦炭反应性随各向异性程度的增大而减小,反应后强度则随各向异性的增大而增大。     

The nature of coking coals

A review of the properties and the structure of coals occupying the middle position in the coalification scale that show the best coking properties — gas coals, gas-coking coals, ortho, meta and semi-coking coals — with particular regard to their behaviour on heat treatment is presented. Problems of coking coals as components of blends in the production of metallurgical coke, as component and binding agent in the process of obtaining metallurgical formed-cokes, and the utilization of coking coals and their extracts as raw materials in the electrode industry, are discussed. The classification of coking coals and questions still to be solved concerning the origin, properties, structure and rational utilization of coking coals, are commented on.     

煤系针状焦生产用延迟焦化加热炉清焦技术的研究

针对延迟焦化生产中延迟焦化加热炉炉管结焦的现象,研究了现有清焦工艺,提出对于煤系针状焦延迟焦化加热炉采用传统的蒸汽-空气清焦工艺技术是可行的,并给出了具体实施方案与操作要点。     

煤系针状焦生产用延迟焦化加热炉清焦技术的研究

针对延迟焦化生产中延迟焦化加热炉炉管结焦的现象,研究了现有清焦工艺,提出对于煤系针状焦延迟焦化加热炉采用传统的蒸汽-空气清焦工艺技术是可行的,并给出了具体实施方案与操作要点。     

煤系针状焦延迟焦化加热炉炉管结焦的探讨

对于煤系针状焦生产,延迟焦化装置无论从产量还是质量考虑都是核心部分。而延迟焦化加热炉则是延迟焦化装置的核心部分。在延迟焦化生产中,加热炉为焦化反应提供足够热量。物料在加热炉管中停留一定的时间,达到成焦温度,经转油线进入焦炭塔成焦。在该过程中,由于物料高残炭、高密度、高黏度,临界反应温度低的特性,经长期运行