输油首站SCADA调度中心控制系统的研究与实现

文章通过对输油管线首站的工艺原理和特点进行分析,根据输油工艺对SCADA系统的要求及输油站自动化水平的现状,在充分考虑原有控制系统的前提下,提出了基于PLC的输油首站调度中心控制系统的控制结构,详细论述了该SCADA系统的整体控制方案、硬件结构设计、系统的功能、监视软件开发以及系统内部不同PLC之间的通讯等应用。     

元坝气田自控技术优化改造及效果评价

元坝气田集输工程自动化控制技术是整个气田的大脑和眼睛,及时发现问题并进行优化改造对整个气田的安全平稳运行有着至关重要的作用。以元坝高含硫气田自动化控制技术为研究对象,深入分析目前元坝气田地面集输工程自动化存在的系统污水管线运行不畅、现场仪表误报频发等9项问题,基于自控设计原理、站场设计理念,对元坝气田集输系统自动化控制系统进行了联锁仪表、关键阀门以及关键控制器等9个方面的改造。现场运用表明,自动化控制系统改造后效果较为明显,大大降低了站场意外关断等事故的发生。本文研究为不仅保证了元坝气田自动化控制技术更加平稳,也为高含硫气田的管理提供了有利的保障。     

元坝气田工业电视监控系统应用优化研究

元坝气田是国内第二大高酸性气田,地面集输系统分为试采工程和滚动建产工程两部分。为实现全面信息化,加强对现场人员、设备以及直接作业环节的全程视频监控,元坝气田地面集输系统设置工业电视监控系统,通过光传输系统将图像数据传至控制中心,实现对生产设备和作业人员的远程视频监控。在生产运行过程中,该系统暴露出部分摄像机监控画面不清晰、存在监控盲区以及不能实现报警联动等缺陷,无法满足现场生产实际需要。为提升现场管理水平,降低安全风险,对工业电视监控系统开展了优化改造,使得该系统画质更加清晰、用途更加广泛,同时消除了监控盲区,增加了报警联动功能,提升了该系统的功能性和使用效果。     

航空垃圾焚烧回转窑电气自动控制系统

介绍首都机场垃圾焚烧站航空垃圾焚烧系统电气自动控制系统的构成，并论述其PLC系统、变频调速系统、上位监控系统的特点。该系统配置合理、自动化及可靠性高。     

110kV总降压变电站综合自动化系统的应用探析

随着时代的快速发展,科学技术也越来越发达,如今我国的变电站综合自动化系统也愈发完善,其采用冗余、分散以及分层技术,其保护系统也装置了SEL设备、ION监控系统以及DELL监控微机等硬件,为了充分发挥硬件的功能,我国的变电站综合自动化系统还配备了GEFance公司ProficyHMI／SCADA自动化软件,将检测、保护和控制充分结合,进一步完善了变电站的综合自动化系统,提高了自动化水平,强化了供电的安全性、可靠性和持续性。     

远程自动化监控系统在21000m~3/h空分设备中的应用

江苏沙钢集团在建设2套21000 m3/h空分设备时,采用由WLD2100电力综合保护自动化监控系统和CS集散控制系统组成的远程自动化监控系统,来实现数据采集、监视和控制功能。介绍远程自动化监控系统的结构、软硬件配置以及实现的功能,分析了与传统管理系统相比较远程自动化监控系统所具有的优势。     

Twido PLC和ModBus TCP在水冷站控制系统中的应用

工业制冷已成为冶金工业生产的重要组成部分,对其实施自动化控制,为工业生产提供安全可靠的保证具有重要意义。介绍水冷站系统的配置,阐述以施耐德Twido控制器为核心的控制系统的组成和通信网络的实现。针对由多个控制部分组成的工业制冷系统,本系统采用ModBus TCP网络,将各系统连接起来,实现系统的分布式控制、集中式管理。控制器的逻辑顺序控制和上位机的组态王监控软件的使用,不仅提高系统的自动化水平,而且确保良好的可操作性和安全可靠性。实践证明,控制系统的成功应用,有效降低设备故障率,延长设备的使用寿命,并显著减轻工作人员的劳动强度。     

油田注水自动控制系统仪表的选择

油井注水从水源、注水站、注水管网、配水问直至注水井整个系统各种参数的测量和控制被称为注水自控系统。注水站是整个自动控制系统的核心。注水站监控系统分为注水工艺参数监控和机组参数监控。     

VATION拼接处理系统在高炉自动化监控系统中设计与应用

介绍VATION拼接处理系统在高炉自动化监控系统中设计与应用,主要阐述莱钢集团型钢炼铁厂3#高炉自动化监控系统的设计特点,展示该系统在高炉经营管理、安全监控、生产控制、设备监控等各个层次的良好效果。     

110KV变电所综合自动化的设计

本文介绍了110KV分层分布式变电站自动化系统中控制与操作的功能及特点，比较了常规站与自动化站控制与操作系统的差异。CAN总线应用到分布式变电所自动化系统的进行了分析，对于分布式变电所自动化系统来说，通信网络的效率、安全性和实时性具有重要意义。     

Dimensions of manufacturing automation

The gamut of manufacturing automation and its ramifications in relation, to the strategic and operational issues can be appreciated only if the forces driving the system towards automation and their interrelationships are understood, Whether the automated technology is rigid (hard automation) or flexible; whether the control architecture for the system is interactive, passive, or intelligent; and whether the system is a direct evolution from a corresponding conventional (non-automated) system are some of the important considerations. A framework is required to relate the system parameters, leading to different configurations, with the strategic issues such as mix of configurations and path of evolution from one to another (or a mix) configuration, and operational issues such as a hierarchical (push) versus pull production control and the software logic support. Such a framework in terms of technological sophistication levels and control software sophistication levels is presented.     

基于PLC的原子沉积设备控制系统设计与实现

目的 为提高原子沉积镀膜工艺的可靠性,稳定薄膜质量,设计基于可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)的一种原子层沉积设备控制系统。方法 针对工作原理和工艺需求,根据传感器和执行器的特点,确定了以西门子S7–200 Smart PLC为控制器,以昆仑通态1070Gi触摸屏作为人机界面的硬件系统方案,实现所有逻辑控制;并利用PLC的晶体管输出端子,采用“PID+PWM”技术进行加热区域温度控制。结果 该控制系统实现了原子沉积镀膜一键操作,保证了镀膜过程中高精度温度均匀性要求(±1℃),确保了设备的可靠性和沉积薄膜的可重复性。结论 经实际应用,证明该控制系统具有稳定性好、误差小、自动化程度高等优点,达到了工艺要求。     

An intelligent system for monitoring the microgravity environment quality on-board the International Space Station

An intelligent system for monitoring the microgravity environment quality on-board the International Space Station is presented. The monitoring system uses a new approach combining Kohonen's self-organizing feature map, learning vector quantization, and a back propagation neural network to recognize and classify the known and unknown patterns. Finally, fuzzy logic is used to assess the level of confidence associated with each vibrating source activation detected by the system.     

铁路基础性改革与运输自动化之路

铁路改革是一个长期的过程,体制创新,技术创新、管理创新是改革的动力。本文着重铁路基础性改革与运输自动化的内需求研究。首先分析了铁路基础性改革的必然性和过程;其次从牵引动力,信息化等方面,分析了铁路运输自动化的发展过程;最后分析了铁路基础性改革与铁路运输自动化的相互关系。     

A performance measuring model for dynamic quality characteristics of human decision-making in automation

Automation system operating performance (ASOP) is a concept of how well an automation unit (AU) is monitored and performed by supervisors. The purpose of this paper was to study the ASOP for dynamic characteristics of human decision-making in automation. First, a quantitative ASOP measuring model was proposed. Secondly, a matrix and orthogonal experiment was conducted to verify the model, specifically on ASOP measuring. The experimental results indicated that the quality-objective function (eta) of human dynamic decision-making characteristics to measure the ASOP is easy and objective, and, according to the eta value, one can obtain the optimal ASOP by the best combination of levels of the control factors. The results of this study indicates that the quality-objective function can be regarded as measuring standard of ASOP and evaluating standard of selecting the adapted supervisors in automation, and some inferences from experimental results can be applied to the design of human-machine interface.     

我国电厂热工自动化的回顾、现状和展望

我国电厂热工自动化技术经历了从无到有,从弱到强的变化。简要回顾了电厂热工自动化的发展历程,总结和分析了电厂热工自动化的现状,探讨了控制系统优化、现场总线、分散控制系统（distributed control system,DCS）、自动启/停机控制系统（automation plant start-up and shut down system,APS）、数字化、集中化和智能化等技术,提出了未来所面临的主要问题及发展方向。     

A Decision-Information-Synchronisation perspective on the performance of FMS

The performance of a Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) largely depends on how the control system can control the flow of entities in the system. The control system takes control decisions based on the information provided as an input to the decision-making process. Therefore, it is important that the decision-making process and information systems operate in a synchronised manner with respect to the FMS characteristics. This can also be referred to as a Decision-Information-Synchronisation (DIS) operating zone implemented in the control system. To study the DIS in the present research, three types of visibility for decision-makers in FMS shop-floor control have been identified: (1) no local visibility, (2) physical local visibility and (3) physical and information local visibility of decision-maker/operator. These alternative visibilities and automation levels of decision and information system provide the hybrid environments of FMSs control. The current paper presents an approach to identify the DIS operating zone of FMS with suitable visibility of decision-maker and automation level. Simulation results show that under non-real-time control (low automation level in decision and information system) with physical local visibility, the FMS system performs comparable with the real-time control (high automation level in decision and information system) when routing flexibility levels are presented. Under the current global competitive environment, this study helps industrial managers determine a suitable level of visibility and automation in planning an FMS control system in order to obtain the desired performance at the lower cost.     

楼宇IT化析论——从滨城政务中心实践看智能建筑IT化走势

楼宇IT化标志着以楼宇自控系统为核心的传统智能建筑,转向以信息系统为核心,追求楼宇内外互联互通、信息共享和联动协同的现代智能建筑。论文结合滨城智能政务中心实践,从设计理念、IT规划、功能布局、技术路线、设备选型和逻辑路径6个维度,对楼宇IT化进行分析、思考和诠释,提出楼宇IT化运作路径。