电子式互感器校验仪同相分量与正交分量的交叉影响研究

互感器校验仪是一种测量电压互感器和电流互感器比例误差的仪器.由于该仪器对被测量的同相分量和正交分量的分解必然产生相位上的误差,故一直以来正交分解技术制约着该类仪器的准确度的提高.为了确定电子式互感器校验仪同相分量和正交分量交叉影响带来的误差,JJG 169《互感器校验仪检定规程》要求采用复合误差公式对首检的校验仪测量结果的符合性进行判断.本文在分析互感器校验仪正交分解原理的基础上,通过试验分析互感器校验仪同相分量和正交分量的交叉影响,并介绍交叉影响的改善方法.     

电子式电流互感器校验方法研究

提出一种校验电子式电流互感器模拟量输出和数字量输出的方法,该方法基于采样测量技术,测量标准电流互感器和被校电子式电流互感器的二次输出,比较二者的差异得到被校电子式电流互感器的比值误差和相位误差。详细分析了电子式电流互感器模拟量输出及数字量输出校验方法的测量误差,论证了该方法的合理性和可行性。根据该方法研制的校验装置样机在国家高电压计量站进行了校准测试,测试结果表明,所研制的校验装置满足校验0.2及以下等级计量用电子式电流互感器的准确度要求。     

数字式互感器校验仪的高电位端测差技术

数字式互感器校验仪是实现互感器全自动校验的关键仪器.采用高电位端测差的互感器校验仪在测量电压互感器误差时由于不会引入附加误差,所以更加适合用于高电压和高精度的电压互感器误差测试.本文介绍了一种可用于高电位端测差的数字式高精度互感器校验仪的解决方案,采用了输入信号引线屏蔽、输入信号放大隔离和前置电路的屏蔽技术.根据该方案设计的电压互感器校验仪准确度高、稳定性好,能够满足工频电压比例标准自校系统的要求.     

电流互感器现场校验仪校准方法研究

本文给出了电流互感器现场校验仪的校准项目,分析了电流互感器现场校验仪传统校准方法存在的缺点,提出了一种新的校准方法即“标准电流互感器法”,该方法所使用的标准电流互感器仅采用线性补偿.实验数据表明,该方法可以同时满足低压法原理和负荷误差曲线外推法原理的电流互感器现场校验仪的校准要求.     

基于低压外推法的电流互感器现场校验仪校准方法的比较与分析

介绍了低压外推法电流互感器现场校验仪的基本原理以及常见的几种溯源方法,即间接比对法、电压互感器法和电流互感器法.采用不同的方法对电流互感器现场校验仪进行校准,并对校准结果进行分析.在文章的最后提出了校准方法需要继续研究的几个问题.     

低校高式电压互感器现场校验仪校准系统的实现

为解决低校高式电压互感器现场校验仪的校准问题,在简要分析低校高式电压互感器现场校验仪工作原理的基础上,介绍了校准低校高式电压互感器现场校验仪的几种方法,并对其可行性进行探讨,最后提出了一种新的方法和相应的校准步骤,构建了基于该方法校准系统,并对校准结果的不确定度进行分析。分析结果表明,所构建电压互感器现场校验仪校准系统可用于开展电压互感器现场校验仪的校准工作。     

基于自适应频率跟踪的基波提取算法应用研究

为了消除基波提取中频谱泄露和栅栏效应的影响,实现快速准确地提取基波分量,完成校验仪比差、角差的精确计算,在互感器校验仪自动检定系统中采用基于自适应频率跟踪的基波提取算法来完成基波提取。在互感器校验仪自动检定系统自动检定的过程中,待检校验仪采集检定装置输出的信号并提取信号的基波分量,计算出比差、角差值。系统上位机对计算结果进行比较分析,判定出该待检校验仪对互感器的检定效果。仿真实验表明,该基波提取算法可以稳定地跟踪频率缓变,跟踪误差控制在0~0.02 Hz之间;该检定系统对比差和角差的检定精度分别达到0.002 8%和0.012%,即系统检定精度可以达到0.05级。检定结果表明该算法可以实时跟踪和记录电网频率为50,50.5 Hz时的微小波动状况,同时克服因波动引起的基波频率缓变,从而大大提高基波分量提取的准确性。研究结果表明该基波提取算法在互感器校验仪检定工作中具有一定的有效性和实用性。     

浅谈低校高法电压互感器现场校验仪的校准

电压互感器现场校验仪目前已广泛运用于现场的实际检验中,因此对它的校准也十分重要。文章以目前最常见的低校高法电压互感器现场校验仪为例,根据传统校准方法的不足,用新方法对其进行校准。并通过两种方法的实验结果对比,验证新方法的可行性。     

电阻分压的10KV电子式电压互感器分析

基于电阻分压器的电子式电压互感器的原理、结构和输出信号等与传统的电压互感器有很大不同,其性能主要受电阻特性和杂散电容的影响。本文从等效电路的角度分析了电阻特性和杂散电容对电子式电压互感器测量准确度的影响;利用Ansoft软件包建立分压器的有限元模型对杂散电容进行了计算分析,并根据杂散电容分布对屏蔽罩进行了设计。在理论分析基础上,研制了一台电阻分压式的10KV电子式电压互感器,并进行了准确度测试。     

电流互感器负荷箱有功分量测量不确定度评估

<正>一、概述1.测量依据JJF1264-2010《互感器负荷箱校准规范》。2.计量标准负荷箱校验仪,准确度等级为0.5级。3.被测对象电流互感器负荷箱,MPE:±3%。4.测量原理和方法的描述将在负荷箱校验仪测得的有功分量作为被检电流负荷箱的有功分量。二、测量模型ΔR=Rx-R(1)式中:Rx—被检电流互感器负荷箱的有功分量;R—负荷箱校验仪上所测得的有功分量。三、不确定度传播率输入量R的标准不确定度uc(R)的来源主要有两     

1000V多盘感应分压器标准建立

中国计量科学研究院研制了一台1000V多盘感应分压器标准装置,用作工频1000V电压比例标准。该装置使用了一种基于互感器注入的误差补偿技术,可准确提供从1×10^-8到1的宽范围比例出。感应分压器的误差校验使用了包含三同轴屏蔽技术的改进型参考电势增量法,并设计了多比例参考互感器以便对感应分压器进行整体校验。所研制的感应分压器准确度优于1×10^-7,校准结果不确定度小于2×10^-8。     

The Characterization of a Piston Displacement-Type Flowmeter Calibration Facility and the Calibration and Use of Pulsed Output Type Flowmeters

Critical measurement performance of fluid flowmeters requires proper and quantified verification data. These data should be generated using calibration and traceability techniques established for these verification purposes. In these calibration techniques, the calibration facility should be well-characterized and its components and performance properly traced to pertinent higher standards. The use of this calibrator to calibrate flowmeters should be appropriately established and the manner in which the calibrated flowmeter is used should be specified in accord with the conditions of the calibration.These three steps: 1) characterizing the calibration facility itself, 2) using the characterized facility to calibrate a flowmeter, and 3) using the calibrated flowmeter to make a measurement are described and the pertinent equations are given for an encoded-stroke, piston displacement-type calibrator and a pulsed output flowmeter. It is concluded that, given these equations and proper instrumentation of this type of calibrator, very high levels of performance can be attained and, in turn, these can be used to achieve high fluid flow rate measurement accuracy with pulsed output flowmeters.     

High Accuracy On-Line Calibration System for Current Transformers Based on Clamp-Shape Rogowski Coil and Improved Digital Integrator

To solve the problems of the existing on-site calibration methods, for instance, the methods need power off, and the standard transformers have large volume, heavy weight and small dynamic range, this paper proposes a high accuracy on-line calibration method for current transformers. By using a clamp-shape Rogowski coil as the standard current transformer, instead of traditional electromagnetic transformer, the volume and weight are reduced greatly, and the power of the line needn’t to be interrupted. The output signal of the clamp-shape Rogowski coil needs to be integrated, and to overcome the problems of analog integrator, which have temperature and zero drift, a high accuracy digital integrator is proposed in the paper to improve the accuracy and stability of the signal processing circuit. Test results indicate that the accuracy of the whole calibration system can reach up to 0.05 accuracy class. The on-line calibration system can calibrate the traditional and electronic current transformers when the line is energized.     

基于线振动台的液浮陀螺仪二次项误差系数标定方法研究

为提高液浮陀螺仪静态误差模型系数中二次项系数的标定精度,提出了线振动台振动整周期的方法来标定液浮陀螺仪。在充分考虑线振动台的寄生转动和垂直度误差,测试时产生的角振动以及陀螺仪的安装误差的基础上,设计了六位置法来标定陀螺仪二次项系数的标定方案。该方法抑制了线振动台的寄生转动、测试时产生的微小角振动以及陀螺仪的安装误差对标定精度的影响,能够提高液浮陀螺仪在线振动台上测试的精度。最后进行了相应的误差分析,验证了该方法能够准确的标定出陀螺仪的二次项误差模型系数,标定精度可达10~(-4)(°/h/g~2)数量级。     

一种中频双级电子式电流互感器误差特性的研究

研究了一种基于低功率铁心线圈的中频双级电子式电流互感器.通过对中频双级电子式电流互感器等效电路的分析,得到了电流误差和相位误差的表达式.为验证双级电子式电流互感器的中频传感性能,构建了基于差值法的中频双级电子式电流互感器校验系统,该系统采用32位DSP浮点芯片TMS320F28335进行数据采集控制和运算处理.实验结果表明,该双级电子式电流互感器在50～1 000Hz频率范围内的误差准确度可达0.05级.     

An Online Calibration Method for Electronic Voltage Transformers Based on IEC 61850-9-2

Since electronic voltage transformers (EVTs) based on IEC 61850-9-2 are widely used in the substations, especially in the automating substations, their calibration becomes very important. Generally, the calibration of EVTs needs for the power to be interrupted and causes power outage, and also the faults of the running transformers cannot be found in time. For this reason, an online calibration system is proposed in this paper. By employing a specially designed remote-controlled hoisting unit and standard voltage transformer, the proposed system can calibrate EVTs without interrupting the power service and the power outage can be avoided. A two-order Hanning self-convolution window algorithm is adopted to suppress the influence of spectrum leakage caused by frequency fluctuation and harmonic interference. Tests have been performed in the China Electric Power Research Institute. The results show that the proposed system has good performance and it can reach the accuracy class of 0.05 in complicated electromagnetic fields.     

高精密测温电桥的标定与评估

使用RTU和RBC两种精密仪器对中国计量科学研究院中温基准实验室的F900高精密测温电桥进行了标定和评估,分析了不同工作频率、不同输出电流在长杆标准铂电阻温度计测温范围内对测量精度的影响。结果表明:电桥在不同的工作频率下精度的差异比较明显。工作频率为25 Hz时,使用RTU和RBC进行标定的最大测量偏差分别约为0.01 mK和0.06 mK;工作频率为75 Hz时,使用RTU和RBC进行标定的最大测量偏差约为0.08 mK和0.2 mK,且相比出厂时有了较大的漂移。电桥在不同的输出电流下精度的差异非常小,在15 μK以内。采用RTU及RBC对F900测温电桥评价的结果之间相互印证,该结果对中温固定点基准复现过程的不确定度评定提供了数据支撑。     

An All-Digital Self-Calibration Method for a Vernier-Based Time-to-Digital Converter

This paper presents a new calibration method for a Vernier-based time-to-digital converter (TDC). In the proposed method, delay lines in the TDC are configured as on-chip ring oscillators for generating a sequence of time events. These time events are applied to the TDC in the calibration mode, and then, the probability distribution of output codes is determined. The variations of the quantization step and the actual transfer characteristic representing the TDC are estimated through statistical analysis of the output codes. The proposed method eliminates the need for accurate external sources typically used for TDC calibration. Simulation and experimental results using a field-programmable gate array platform indicate that the method can successfully be employed to calibrate high-resolution TDCs with reasonable accuracy.