GS1牛肉全程质量追溯系统框架研究

GS1 是EAN/UCC 的新名字,由编码体系、可自动识别的数据载体和电子数据交换标准组成的全球统一标准。本文基于GS1 标准,针对“源头”追溯、标准化、动态数据共享等难题,搭建了牛肉全过程质量追溯系统的通用框架。框架中个体标识采用RFID 耳标与EAN/UCC 条码,RFID 耳标编码采用EPCglobal 标签数据标准;各流通环节的信息服务器采用三层架构：访问层、业务层、资源层,异构分布架设,以HTTP/SOAP 协议提供用户访问接口;采用信息发现服务结合对象名服务,定位动态分布的信息服务器,实现动态数据共享。     

可追溯体系在食品供应链中的应用

食品可追溯体系是一种以增进产品质量为目的,以信息处理为技术基础的质量安全保障体系,目前已成为很多国家管理食品质量安全的重要手段。本文简要说明了食品可追溯含义及食品可追溯体系分类和应用的技术,并介绍了可追溯体系在食品供应链中的应用及构建食品供应链可追溯体系的意义。     

射频识别（RFID）技术在食品溯源中的应用研究进展

射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification,RFID)技术操控简单、灵活、实用,已被应用于食品溯源系统中,旨在保障食品原料的质量安全。文章介绍了食品安全与溯源概念及RFID技术,综述了其在乳品、畜产品、水产品、果蔬等食品溯源系统中的应用研究进展,分析了RFID技术的优势及其推广应用难点,为食品的质量安全溯源体系提供理论指导。     

RFID在食品安全追踪系统中的应用

将RFID用于食品安全追踪系统,有利于彻底实现“源头”食品追踪和食品安全科学化、透明化管理。阐明了RFID的工作原理及RFID在食品安全追踪中的应用方法和应用案例,综述了RFID在食品安全追踪中应注意和解决的问题及发展方向。     

食品供应链可追溯体系研究

建立食品及其供应链活动准确、及时的可追溯体系已经成为食品行业健康发展的一个主要因素。文中主要讨论了食品供应链及其可追溯体系的概念、可追溯系统的分类及特征、用于可追溯体系建立的技术及其发展等内容。同时指出了有关食品可追溯体系后续有待研究的一些问题。     

A Review on Agri-food Supply Chain Traceability by Means of RFID Technology

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology which provides appealing opportunities to improve the management of information flow within the supply chain and security in the agri-food sector. Nowadays, food safety is considered a major requirement in several countries, in particular, the traceability of food products which is mandatory by law. Thus, technological implementation leading to traceability strengthening in the agri-food sector is crucial. The first aim of this review is to analyze the current developments in RFID technology in the agri-food sector, through an operative framework which organizes the literature and facilitate a quick content analysis identifying future research direction. RFID technology seems to be able to bring great opportunities to this sector; nevertheless, several constraints are slowing its adoption. This survey may provide readers with an exhaustive overview of opportunities and constraints for the wide adoption of RFID. The second aim of this review is to provide an updated analysis on the current developments of RFID technology for different product typologies within the agri-food industry, discussing at the same time its potential in technological and logistical development regarding different sectors of the production/distribution chain. As referenced here, RFID implementations in the agri-food sector are increasing at a fast rate, and technological advancement follows the applicability opportunities. However, real applications of RFID technologies are still limited because of various technical and economical obstacles which are also discussed.     

食品链质量安全追溯体系的建立

2015年实施新修订的《食品安全法》中第42条规定:"国家应建立食品安全全程追溯制度"。随着食品工业化的发展和消费者对食品安全要求的提高,建立食品全程追溯系统,对于不安全食品的召回以及查找食品链中的不安全问题点将起到非常重大作用,已成为食品安全保障工作的重要措施。根据追溯涉及到的食品供应链组织,可以将追溯划分为内部追溯和外部追溯。食品链中食品生产加工环节的追溯就属于内部追溯,目前我国较多食品企业尚未建立完整的食品安全管理体系且自动化程度较低,另外我国食品企业生产的食品种类繁多,缺少指导性文件导致内部追溯存在较大的困难。本文对食品生产加工环节追溯的现状与发展进行概述,建议通过健全同类产品追溯系统以及提高食品企业自动化程度建立完善的企业内部追溯系统,以更好地保障食品安全工作。     

基于推广视角的后奥运时代食品供应链可追溯体系框架设计研究

随着编码和信息通信技术的发展,可追溯体系被逐渐应用到食品供应链管理中,以确保食品安全。本文通过建立一般通用的食品可追溯体系框架结构,为北京后奥运时代食品可追溯体系在供应链中的实施和推广提供一种整体分析的方法。     

基于物联网无线射频技术的进口葡萄酒安全监管溯源系统设计

本文是基于物联网（RFID）技术,分别通过业务功能设计、框架设计、流程设计和系统应用,构建了一套进口葡萄酒溯源体系,实现了进口葡萄酒从葡萄庄园,葡萄酒酿造者,运输用酒桶,灌装或包装,进出口检验检疫监管、口岸中转、通关、配送等的全过程信息采集、记录和整理,实现了严密监管与源头可溯,能与国际食品安全监管追溯体系接轨,为葡萄酒全溯源提供技术支持。本研究将物联网技术应用于进口葡萄酒行业,借助其提供的数据信息,服务于葡萄原料种植企业、生产企业、流通企业、监管部门和消费者,对加快通关和葡萄酒全供应链溯源监均都具有一定意义。     

射频识别技术应用于畜产品追溯系统研究进展

可追溯系统是保证畜产品质量安全的重要手段,射频识别技术(RFID)应用于畜产品可追溯系统的个体标识已经成为一种趋势.本文阐述了利用RFID技术构建畜产品可追溯系统对于食品安全问题的重要性和必要性.文章介绍了RFID技术的基本原理和特点,RFID技术在可追溯系统中应用的主要技术指标,回顾了发达国家和地区可追溯制度建设和可追溯系统的实施情况,比较了国内可追溯系统的发展与应用现状,归结出RFID技术与计算机、网络通信、自动化等技术在可追溯系统中的应用情况.最后结合我国追溯系统发展面临的RFID技术不成熟、制度不完善、自动化水平低等问题及当前的研究现状提出了改进的方向及发展的趋势,为建立适合中国国情的基于RFID技术的家畜和畜产品可追溯系统提供参考.     

The TraceFood Framework – Principles and guidelines for implementing traceability in food value chains

Requirements related to food safety and associated legislation and certification have increased a lot in recent years. Among these are the requirements for systematic recordings to be made throughout the supply chain so that in case of a food crisis it is possible to trace back to source of contamination, and to perform a targeted recall of potentially affected food items. These systematic recordings must be connected to the food items through unique identifiers, and the recordings, the identifiers and the documentation of how ingredients and food items join or split up as they move through the supply chain is what constitutes a traceability system. For the food industry, the traceability system is also an important tool for controlling and optimizing production, for getting better industrial statistics and better decisions, and for profiling desirable product characteristics. Current status is that many food producers have good, often electronic traceability systems internally, but exchange (especially electronic exchange) of information between the links in the supply chain is very time-consuming or difficult due to the diversity and proprietary nature of the respective internal systems. To facilitate electronic interchange of this type of data, an international, non-proprietary standard is needed; one that describes how messages can be constructed, sent and received and also how the data elements in the messages should be identified, measured and interpreted. The TraceFood Framework was designed for this purpose, and it contains recommendations for “Good Traceability Practice”, common principles for unique identification of food items, a common generic standard for electronic exchange of traceability information (TraceCore XML), and sector-specific ontologies where the meaning and the inter-relationship of the data elements is defined. The TraceFood Framework is a joint collaboration of many EU-funded projects dealing with traceability of food products; especially the integrated project TRACE where most of the work related to specification, design and testing of the framework has taken place.     

食品供应链基于区块链的溯源体系研究评述与展望

文章在Web of Science网站上通过主题词搜索筛选出相关文献,运用CiteSpace软件绘制了相关文献的关键词共现知识图谱,并进行了整体分析;发现物联网与区块链技术的结合已成为食品供应链溯源体系发展的主流趋势;阐述了基于区块链的食品供应链溯源体系目前的优势以及未来的挑战。     

Design of an integrated supply chain model for supporting traceability of dairy products

An efficient traceability system must follow some rules that define which data must be gathered and stored in each stage of the supply chain. This is achieved by data standardization and typification of the messages that enable storing and communication of the data. By establishing and modelling these concepts, we developed a model that supports traceability in the food supply chain. The reference model presented in this paper consists of three distinct phases that represent stages of real-life supply chains, and is the basis for the development of a web application for traceability management in the dairy sector.     

基于RFID/EPC物联网的猪肉跟踪追溯系统开发

首先介绍了无线射频识别技术(RFID)、物联网和电子产品代码系统(EPC)。在确定猪肉供应链各环节溯源信息的基础上,以RFID电子标签为数据载体,结合EPC编码体系对猪肉进行唯一标识,实现数据的自动采集,同时也增强了个体标示的精度和准确性。设计了RFID/EPC物联网架构下猪肉跟踪追溯系统,实现了猪肉生产全程网络化管理。     

基于区块链技术的食品安全溯源体系应用与研究进展

我国是农业大国,食品安全问题一直以来都是人民群众和政府重点关注的问题。由于近几年食品安全问题事件频发,不仅造成了严重的信任危机,而且对人们的身体健康也造成了极大的威胁。在传统的溯源体系中,信息仍然存在不准确、不透明、不安全等问题,而区块链具有防止篡改、全过程可追溯、去中心化分布式存储等特点。将区块链技术与溯源技术相结合可以更好地的解决传统溯源体系中的问题,能够实现真正意义上的溯源,切实保障了供应链上全体成员以及广大人民群众的权益。本文将介绍了区块链技术,梳理总结近些年基于区块链的食品安全溯源体系的研究与应用并进行总结,有效的说明了构建基于区块链溯源体系时的着眼点,对于区块链溯源体系的推广有着重要作用。     

A study in integrity of an RFID-monitoring HMSC

In recent years, trade of Halal foods is spreading at a rapid pace. Additionally, Halal food consumers have become increasingly concerned about the integrity of Halal-food related products in terms of production, transportation and storage along an entire supply chain network as it is important for Halal food products these consumers purchase from supermarkets are truly Halal. These are unlike traditional principles of any other food type. This requires Halal food suppliers who monitor Halal food supply chains to provide adequate information on foods purchased in supermarkets which can be easily accessed by consumers. This article presents a framework in development of a RFID-enabled monitoring system for a Halal meat supply chain network design for enhancing traceability of integrity of Halal meat products. A multi-objective model was developed for investigating an economic feasibility of the proposed RFID-enabled monitoring system. A case study was used for verifying the effectiveness of the developed mathematical model.     

The role of smart packaging system in food supply chain

Food supply chain is a rapidly growing integrated sector and covers all the aspects from farm to fork, including manufacturing, packaging, distribution, storing, as well as further processing or cooking for consumption. Along this chain, smart packaging could impact the quality, safety, and sustainability of food. Packaging systems have evolved to be smarter with integration of emerging electronics and wireless communication and cloud data solutions. Although there are many factors causing the loss and waste issues for foods throughout the whole supply chain of food and there have been several articles showing the recent advances and breakthroughs in developing smart packaging systems, this review integrates these conceptual frameworks and technological applications and focuses on how innovative smart packaging solutions are beneficial to the overall quality and safety of food supply by enhancing product traceability and reducing the amount of food loss and waste. We start by introducing the concept of the management for the integrated food supply chain, which is critical in tactical and operational components that can enhance product traceability within the entire chain. Then we highlight the impact of smart packaging in reducing food loss and waste. We summarize the basic information of the common printing techniques for smart packaging system (sensor and indicator). Then, we discuss the potential challenges in the manufacturing and deployment of smart packaging systems, as well as their cost-related drawbacks and further steps in food supply chain.     

区块链视角下食品供应链多方演化博弈模型

目的：探究区块链应用于食品供应链的影响因素及食品供应链各参与方的行为问题。方法：运用演化博弈方法,构建食品企业、政府和消费者的三方博弈模型,并建立复制动态方程;分析了不同初始值、接入成本、溢价系数、信息真实度等参数变化对于三方策略选择的影响。结果：系统的稳定状态与初始策略人群占比有关;区块链接入成本对食品企业的策略选择影响较大,过高的接入成本会抑制食品企业信息上链的积极性,不利于区块链技术在食品溯源体系的应用推广;因接入区块链导致的溢价会影响消费者购买的积极性;区块链技术的不可篡改性可以提高食品溯源信息的真实度,从而有利于三方主体向着理想状态演化。结论：为从根本上解决食品溯源信息的真实性问题,食品企业应在保证溯源信息真实性的前提下降低可追溯食品溢价程度的价格,政府应在控制可追溯食品的溢价的前提下提高消费者购买的积极性。     

进口燕窝溯源系统的构建和应用

随着食品贸易全球化和供应链的复杂化,监管全球食品供应链无疑是一项艰巨挑战。目前,一种由政府监管部门参与监督、各食品企业参与配合的第三方溯源服务系统,已逐渐成为监管制度的有效补充。基于我国与马来西亚、印度尼西亚等燕窝原产国输华燕窝双边议定书的签订,以及境外燕窝加工企业卫生注册工作的开展,中国检验检疫科学研究院(Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,CAIQ)开发了燕窝溯源管理服务平台,为获华注册的境外燕窝加工企业的输华燕窝提供溯源服务,输华燕窝的最小销售包装上均加贴CAIQ溯源标签,我国消费者可通过扫描溯源标签上的二维码或通过网站查询16位燕窝码,获得燕窝产品的燕屋、加工、出口、进口、经销各环节的全程追溯信息,为消费者识别和选购合法进口燕窝提供有效途径。CAIQ溯源系统是建立在进口注册和口岸检验检疫基础上的追溯系统,是搭载了质量信息的追溯系统。     

Overview of RFID Technology and Its Applications in the Food Industry

ABSTRACT:  Radio frequency identification (RFID) is an alternative technology with a potential to replace traditional universal product code (UPC) barcodes. RFID enables identification of an object from a distance without requiring a line of sight. RFID tags can also incorporate additional data such as details of product and manufacturer and can transmit measured environmental factors such as temperature and relative humidity. This article presents key concepts and terminology related to RFID technology and its applications in the food industry. Components and working principles of an RFID system are described. Numerous applications of RFID technology in the food industry (supply chain management, temperature monitoring of foods, and ensuring food safety) are discussed. Challenges in implementation of RFID technology are also discussed in terms of read range, read accuracy, nonuniform standards, cost, recycling issues, privacy, and security concerns.