电解质(NaCl和KCl)及其混合物含水溶液在298.15K下的粘度

在298.15K下,测量了NaCl、KCl及其不同摩尔比下的混合物的水溶液的粘度及密度,浓度从很稀直至饱和、甚至过饱和．通过在现有的扩展Jones─Dole型方程中加入摩尔浓度的立方项,所得Jones─Dole型方程可在更高浓度范围内很好地表达所研究体系的粘度．随着浓度的提高,更高浓度次项需加入．用简单加和规则计算了混合物溶液的粘度,其结果与实验值在低浓度下相近,可解释为,有足够的水用来水化离子,离子间的作用对粘度几乎无影响;随着浓度的增加,计算值比实验值越来越小,因为离子间的作用越来越明显,并且各自的浓度由于彼此的存在和作用而提高．     

25℃和100℃时H3BO3—Na2SO4—NaCl—H2O体系的相平衡

测定了２５℃和１００℃时,Ｈ３ＢＯ３－Ｎａ２Ｓｏ４－ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ体系的固液平衡数据并绘成相图,应用相图分析了ＮａＣｌ作盐析剂分离Ｈ２Ｂ作盐析剂分离Ｈ３ＢＯ３的生产过程,为硼砂硫酸酸化制取Ｈ３ＢＯ３的生产工艺改进提供了一定的理论基础。     

CaSO4—Na2SO4—NaCl—H2O四元体系相平衡数据的热力学关联

测定了３５℃时ＣａＳＯ４－Ｎａ２ＳＯ４－ＮａＣｌ－Ｈ２Ｏ四元体系相平衡数据，并应用Ｐｉｔｚｅｒ电解质溶液理论计算了该体系的相平衡数据，计算值与实验值吻合较好。     

H3BO3–NaCl–MgCl2–H2O体系相平衡及工艺分析

测定了25, 100℃下H3BO3–NaCl–MgCl2–H2O体系的溶解度数据，并依据绘制的相图对我国西藏含钠镁的硼矿资源采用盐酸分解法制备硼酸的生产工艺进行了讨论.     

LaCl3在H2O中活度系数测定的研究

应用电导法测定了 2 98K时稀土氯化盐 La Cl3 在水中的活度系数 ,在 2 98K时测定了La Cl3 在水中的电导率 ,利用公式计算了 La Cl3 的摩尔电导率 ,应用 Debye- Hücker和 Osager-Falkenhangen公式计算了 La Cl3 在水中的活度系数 ,并讨论了在 2 98K时浓度对 La Cl3 水溶液活度系数的影响 ,随 La Cl3 溶液浓度的增加 ,La Cl3 水溶液的活度系数降低。     

海水浓缩Na+、K+、Mg2+//Cl-、(SO2-4)-H2O体系的分离方法研究进展

根据海水浓缩体系组成,本文综述了其分离方法.针对氯化钾分离,讨论了冷分解正浮选法、冷结晶正/反浮选法、淘洗柱分离法和电势法等方法,并对各工艺进行了比较.对于氯化钠介绍了浮选剂在氯化钠表面吸附的原理、3类浮选剂及各自优缺点,以及N-烷基吗啉和脂肪酰胺的制备方法.比较了Na+、K+、Mg2 +//C1 -、(SO2-4) -H2O五元系统介稳平衡相图和Van't Hoff的稳定平衡相图.在五元介稳相图中,由于钾镁钒和钾盐镁钒结晶区域消失,导致硫酸镁和氯化钾的结晶区域直接相连,若采用海水蒸发浓缩工艺,可直接制备氯化钾;而对于固体混合盐可考虑制备硫酸型钾盐工艺.     

非金属材料的导电机理与电导率的测量

本文系统论述了非金属材料的导电机理，讨论了几种实用的电路在材料的电导率测量中的应用，并指出了在导电材料测量实验中要注意的问题。     

离子交换纤维对低浓度二甲胺水溶液吸附性能研究

对离子交换纤维(IEF)吸附二甲胺(DMA)的特性进行了研究。等温吸附线研究表明,离子交换纤维对二甲胺的吸附符合Freundlich和Langmuir等温吸附方程。热力学研究表明,Freundlich模型可以很好地模拟二甲胺在离子交换纤维上的交换行为,交换反应的ΔG0,ΔH0,ΔS0,交换过程为自发的吸热过程。动力学研究表明,离子交换纤维对二甲胺的吸附以液膜扩散为主,其交换行为可采用Boyd液膜扩散方程描述。     

Conductance method study on the swelling kinetics of the superabsorbent

By measuring the conductance evolution of the sodium chloride (NaCl) aqueous solution during the superabsorbent swelling in it, a monotonic increasing cubic function, between the changes of sodium chloride molar number (Δn) in 1 m³ swelling medium and swelling ratios (Q) of the superabsorbent was discovered. Based on the relationship between Δn and Q, a monotonic increasing quasi cubic function between the conductance change (G_C) and Q was deduced, which was verified by experiments. Therefore, the swelling kinetics of the superabsorbent could be tracked by testing G_C of swelling medium. The results showed that the conductance method was in accordance with the tea-bag weight method. It was found by regression analysis that the concentration of NaCl in the hydrogel was lower than that of in the primitive solution—0.9 wt%, and the entrance of Na⁺ and Cl⁻ was lagged behind. The latter was also verified by swelling phenomena of the superabsorbent in CuCl₂ aqueous solution. Based on the results of our experiments, a swelling kinetic model for the superabsorbent was put forward.     

低浓度下酒石酸氢钠和酒石酸氢钾水溶液的电导预测

1 INTRODUCTIONAcid salt is one kind of important compound,andstudies on its solution conductivity behavior are verynecessary in chemical analysis and medicine,biologyand food Industry.However,in aqueous solution,theconductivity behavior of the acid salt is quite compli-cated due to the existence of dissociation and asso-ciation equilibria among the species,which makes itdifficult to predict or correlate the molar conductivity     

Conductance of Graphene Nanoribbon Junctions and the Tight Binding Model

Planar carbon-based electronic devices, including metal/semiconductor junctions, transistors and interconnects, can now be formed from patterned sheets of graphene. Most simulations of charge transport within graphene-based electronic devices assume an energy band structure based on a nearest-neighbour tight binding analysis. In this paper, the energy band structure and conductance of graphene nanoribbons and metal/semiconductor junctions are obtained using a third nearest-neighbour tight binding analysis in conjunction with an efficient nonequilibrium Green's function formalism. We find significant differences in both the energy band structure and conductance obtained with the two approximations.     

Influence of Alcohols on the Critical Micelle Concentration and Conductance Behaviour of Sodium Soaps in Aqueous Solution

Micellar behaviour of sodium caprylate and sodium oleate in water has been studied in presence of several hydroxy compounds. Effect of added alcohol on critical micelle concentration (CMC) and conductance of soap solution is explained. Thermodynamic parameters were evaluated for micellar systems in presence of n-alkanols to further explain the results.     

硫酸镍水溶液全浓度范围分光吸收特性研究

采用紫外-可见光谱仪和分光光度计对直至饱和的全浓度范围的硫酸镍水溶液进行透射光度分析。结果表明,硫酸镍水溶液在可见光波段于波长394 nm、656 nm、721 nm处存在三个吸收峰;在照射光波长394 nm左右,NiSO_4浓度不高于0.625 mol/L时,吸光度与浓度之间成正比;在照射光波长656 nm或721 nm左右,NiSO_4浓度不高于1.209 mol/L时,吸光度与浓度之间成正比;吸光度对光波长的微分与溶液浓度有着更宽的线性相关范围,波长656 nm吸收峰左侧的吸光度微分最大值和波长721 nm吸收峰右侧的吸光度微分最小值均在直至饱和的全浓度范围内与NiSO_4浓度成正比。     

差热分析法测定固体AgI的电导活化能和相转变熵

差热分析（DTA）是一种基于温度程序变化下测量试样与参比温度差的方法,是热化学的基本测量技术。应用DTA也能测量固体电解质某一构型相转变时动力学参数电导活化能Ea和相转变熵△trssm,这种测量方法具有快速性,样品量少,数据分析简单易行等优点。     

Conductance modulation of charged lipid bilayer using electrolyte-gated graphene-field effect transistor

Graphene is an attention-grabbing material in electronics, physics, chemistry, and even biology because of its unique properties such as high surface-area-to-volume ratio. Also, the ability of graphene-based materials to continuously tune charge carriers from holes to electrons makes them promising for biological applications, especially in lipid bilayer-based sensors. Furthermore, changes in charged lipid membrane properties can be electrically detected by a graphene-based electrolyte-gated graphene field effect transistor (GFET). In this paper, a monolayer graphene-based GFET with a focus on the conductance variation caused by membrane electric charges and thickness is studied. Monolayer graphene conductance as an electrical detection platform is suggested for neutral, negative, and positive electric-charged membrane. The electric charge and thickness of the lipid bilayer (Q_LP and L_LP) as a function of carrier density are proposed, and the control parameters are defined. Finally, the proposed analytical model is compared with experimental data which indicates good overall agreement.