脱脂前后玉米酒糟品质变化的研究

对脱脂前后玉米酒糟的品质进行了研究.结果表明:脱脂后的DDGS中蛋白质有所提高,水分含量显著降低;植酸磷含量变化不明显,而总磷含量有所提高;氨基酸含量提高,生成一些挥发性烯醛和酯类物质,具有较好的气味,改善了DDGS的适口性.     

Effects of electron beam irradiation on deoxynivalenol levels in distillers dried grain and solubles and in production intermediates

Wheat contaminated with deoxynivalenol (DON), and distillers dried grain and solubles (DDGS) obtained after ethanol production from the contaminated wheat, were irradiated to doses ranging from 2.0 to 55.8 kGy using an electron accelerator. Samples of wet distillers grain, distillers solubles and stillage obtained during production of DDGS were also irradiated. All samples were analysed for Fusarium trichothecene mycotoxins by a method involving use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The three production intermediates showed dose-dependent reductions in their DON contents ranging from 47.5 to 75.5% at the highest doses. Electron beam treatment produced a 17.6% reduction in the DON level of wheat at the highest dose used, but had no effect on DON in DDGS. These results indicate that electron beam treatment may provide a method for reducing DON levels in DDGS on an industrial scale.     

Carrot insoluble fiber-rich fraction lowers lipid and cholesterol absorption in hamsters

Potential effects of the insoluble fiber-rich fractions (IFRF) prepared from carrot pomace on lipid and cholesterol absorption in hamsters were investigated. As compared with the cellulose-added and fiber-free diets, IFRF diet significantly (P<0.05) lowered the levels of serum triglyceride, serum total cholesterol, and liver cholesterol, and meanwhile resulted in a significantly (P<0.05) higher HDL:total cholesterol ratio as well as higher levels of fecal lipids, cholesterol, and bile acids. Significant correlations were observed among the levels of serum triglyceride, serum total cholesterol, liver cholesterol, fecal lipids, fecal cholesterol, and fecal bile acids, implying that the hypolipidemic and hypocholesterolemic effects of IFRF were partly attributed to the reduced absorption of lipid and cholesterol. Our results suggested that IFRF could be a potential functional ingredient in the fiber-rich diets for controlling serum cholesterol concentration.     

The effect of feeding dried distillers grains plus solubles on milk production and excretion of urinary purine derivatives

Two studies were performed to evaluate the effects of dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on the lactational performance of dairy cows. The intent of experiment 1 was to evaluate the effects of feeding increasing concentrations of DDGS on the feed intake and production of Holstein dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein cows averaging 76 ± 24 d in milk and 638 ± 68 kg of body weight were randomly assigned to one of five 4 × 4 Latin squares. During each of the 28-d periods, cows were offered 1 of 4 diets: 1) control, 0% DDGS, 2) 10% DDGS, 3) 20% DDGS, or 4) 30% DDGS. For the treatment diets, DDGS replaced a portion of both forages and concentrates. Dry matter intake increased linearly with increasing concentrations of DDGS (21.4, 22.4, 23.0, and 24.0 ± 0.98 kg/d). Similarly, milk production increased linearly (27.4, 28.5, 29.3, and 30.6 ± 1.44 kg/d). The intent of experiment 2 was to evaluate the effect of feeding DDGS on feed intake, milk production, and excretion of urinary purine derivatives (PD). Excretion of PD was used to estimate the effects on rumen microbial crude protein production. Twenty-one multiparous and 13 primiparous Holstein cows, averaging 178 ± 36 d in milk and 651 ± 65 kg of body weight were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 diets in a 3-period crossover design. Cows were offered 1 of 2 rations during each 21-d period. Dietary treatments were either a control (0% DDGS) or 30% dietary dry matter of DDGS. Dry matter intake increased when feeding DDGS (22.8 vs. 24.1 ± 0.74 kg/d for 0 and 30% DDGS, respectively) but milk production, percentages of milk fat and protein, and the ratio of PD to creatinine were not significantly different between the control and DDGS diets. Results of this study suggest a dairy ration may be formulated to contain as much as 30% of dietary dry matter as DDGS.     

菊苣仔根提取物对高脂血症仓鼠血脂的影响

探讨菊苣仔根提取物的降血脂功效.将雄性仓鼠随机分为6组,分别为空白组、模型组、添加菊苣仔根水提物及醇提物低、高剂量组(高脂饲料中质量分数均分别为1.0％、5.0％),饲养6周后对仓鼠进行眼底静脉丛采血,并检测相关指标.结果显示,与高脂模型组相比,添加菊苣仔根水提物及醇提物的低、高剂量组仓鼠血清中的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)及非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(non-HDL-C)水平均极显著降低(p＜0.01),水提物和醇提物高剂量组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平呈极显著和显著升高(p＜0.01)、(p＜0.05),水提物低、高剂量组和醇提物高剂量组仓鼠血清和肝脏中的MDA含量均呈不同程度的降低.结论:菊苣仔根水提物和醇提物对高脂血症仓鼠血脂水平均具有降低作用,并有抑制脂质过氧化的作用.醇提物在降低总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)水平方面略优于水提物,而水提物对于高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平的升高作用则更加明显.     

菊苣仔根提取物对高脂血症仓鼠血脂的影响

探讨菊苣仔根提取物的降血脂功效。将雄性仓鼠随机分为6组,分别为空白组、模型组、添加菊苣仔根水提物及醇提物低、高剂量组（高脂饲料中质量分数均分别为1.0%、5.0%）,饲养6周后对仓鼠进行眼底静脉丛采血,并检测相关指标。结果显示,与高脂模型组相比,添加菊苣仔根水提物及醇提物的低、高剂量组仓鼠血清中的总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）及非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（non-HDL-C）水平均极显著降低（p<0.01）,水提物和醇提物高剂量组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平呈极显著和显著升高（p<0.01）、（p<0.05）,水提物低、高剂量组和醇提物高剂量组仓鼠血清和肝脏中的MDA含量均呈不同程度的降低。结论:菊苣仔根水提物和醇提物对高脂血症仓鼠血脂水平均具有降低作用,并有抑制脂质过氧化的作用。醇提物在降低总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）水平方面略优于水提物,而水提物对于高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平的升高作用则更加明显。      

迷迭香提取物对高脂高胆固醇膳食仓鼠的保护作用研究

研究迷迭香提取物对高脂高胆固醇膳食致仓鼠高血脂症及氧化应激损伤的保护作用。50只仓鼠随机分为五组,分别为正常组、模型组和迷迭香膳食干预组(0.1%、0.3%及0.9%迷迭香提取物),测定血清中TC、TG和HDL-C水平、抗氧化酶活性和氧化产物MDA含量,脑及肝脏中抗氧化酶活力及氧化产物含量。血脂测定结果显示,模型组TC、TG水平较正常组显著升高,给予迷迭香提取物后,0.3%、0.9%剂量组组仓鼠TG水平降低(P0.05),HDL-C水平升高(P0.01);血清、肝脏和脑中抗氧化酶活测定结果显示,模型组抗氧化酶活性较正常组降低,氧化产物MDA含量较正常组显著升高。给予迷迭香提取物膳食干预后,血清及肝脏中SOD、CAT、GSH-Px酶活力较模型组升高,MDA含量较模型组组降低。因此迷迭香不仅可以直接调控高脂高脂胆固醇膳食仓鼠血脂水平,还可以减轻高脂高胆固醇诱导仓鼠造成的氧化损伤,从而保护机体。     

Effect of high-fat diets supplemented with okara soybean by-product on lipid profiles of plasma,liver and faeces in Syrian hamsters

The main components of okara, a by-product from soybean, are dietary fibre and protein. In this study we fed okara based diets with different amounts of fibre, protein and isoflavones to determine their effect on the lipid profile in the plasma, liver and faeces of an animal model. Male golden Syrian hamsters were fed high-fat diets supplemented with okara for 3 weeks. The supplemented diets contained 13% or 20% of okara fibre (OK-13 and OK-20), low-protein okara with 13% of fibre (OK1-13), and isoflavone-free okara with 13% of fibre (OK2-13). Okara supplemented diets did not produce significant differences in the feed intake or body weight gain (p > 0.05). The plasma levels of triglycerides, VLDL- plus LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol in hamsters fed OK-20 decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with respect to the 20% control group (C-20). However, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in LDL- and HDL-cholesterol plasma levels in all experiments. Total lipids, triglycerides, total and esterified cholesterol concentrations in liver were reduced by OK-20 diet. Regarding the hamsters fed OK-13 diets, the mean values of the total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol in the plasma and liver decreased as compared to the control (C-13), but the differences were not statistically significant. All of the okara diets assayed increased the faecal excretion of total lipids, triglycerides, free cholesterol and total nitrogen (p < 0.05) compared to their respective controls. Our results suggest that the main components of okara, dietary fibre and protein, could be related with the total lipids and cholesterol decrease in the plasma and liver, as well as with the faecal output increase in high-fat fed hamsters. Okara might play an interesting role in the prevention of hyperlipidemia and could be used as a natural ingredient or supplement for functional food preparation.     

Pear pomace water extract suppresses hepatic lipid peroxidation and protects against liver damage in rats fed a high fat/cholesterol diet

Food Science and Biotechnology - The protective effect of pear pomace water extract (PPWE) against hepatic lipid peroxidation was investigated in rats fed a 41% kcal fat diet containing 0.21%...     

Production of dairy cows fed distillers dried grains with solubles in low- and high-forage diets

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary forage and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) concentration on the performance of lactating dairy cows. Twelve Holstein cows were blocked by parity and milk production and assigned to replicated 4 × 4 Latin squares with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Diets were formulated to contain low forage [LF; 17% forage neutral detergent fiber (NDF)] or high forage (HF; 24.5% forage NDF) and DDGS at 0 or 18% of diet dry matter. The forage portion of the diet consisted of 80% corn silage and 20% alfalfa hay (dry matter basis). A portion of the ground corn and all of the expeller soybean meal and extruded soybeans from 0% DDGS diets were replaced with DDGS to formulate 18% DDGS diets. Overall, we found no interactions of forage × DDGS concentrations for any of the production measures. We observed no effect of diet on dry matter intake. Milk yield was greater when cows were fed LF diets compared with HF diets (43.3 vs. 41.5 kg/d). Milk fat concentration (3.03 vs. 3.38%) was lower for cows fed LF diets compared with HF diets, whereas protein concentration (3.11 vs. 2.98%) and yield (1.34 vs. 1.24 kg/d) were greater for cows fed LF diets compared with HF diets. Yields of fat, total solids, energy-corrected milk, and feed efficiency were not affected by diets. Cows partitioned equally for milk, maintenance, and body reserves. Replacing starch from ground corn and protein from soybean feeds with DDGS at either 17 or 24.5% of forage NDF concentration in the diet was cost-effective and did not affect the production performance of lactating dairy cows.     

Effects of a black rice extract (Oryza sativa L. indica) on cholesterol levels and plasma lipid parameters in Wistar Kyoto rats

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of an anthocyanin pigmented rice (e.g. black rice) to mitigate the onset of hypercholesterolemia in rats-fed atherogenic diets. Male Wistar (n = 10/group) rats were fed with atherogenic diets containing 0.5% cholesterol in the presence and in the absence of bile salt (e.g. 0.05% cholic acid) along with a standardized black rice extract (BRE) (e.g. 3%, w/w). All animals were individually housed in stainless steel cages and fed with the experimental diets during a 12-h period for 10 weeks. Body weights of rats were measured every week of the experiment. After 10 weeks fed on experimental diets, rats were sacrificed and plasma total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol and triacylglycerols were measured immediately. The total cholesterol (TC) content in the liver, heart and aorta, and the concentration of triacylglycerol (TAG) were measured after lipid extraction using Folch method. Rats fed with 0.5% cholesterol containing diets which also included bile salt exhibited a considerably more severe hypercholesterolemia than counterparts fed diets containing only 0.5% cholesterol. The inclusion of the BRE in diets significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the level of TC, LDL–TC and TAG in plasma of rats-fed control diets that either contained or were absent in bile salt (p < 0.05). There were no differences in HDL-level. Liver crude lipids and total cholesterol levels were also significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in experimental groups relative to the control group in both experiments. Thus, supplementation of atherogenic experimental diets with BRE effectively decreased lipid levels in hypercholesterolemic rats. In lieu of the mixture of bioactive components present in BRE, it is possible that more than one mechanism underlying this reduction in lipids is involved.     

Effects of partially replacing barley silage or barley grain with dried distillers grains with solubles on rumen fermentation and milk production of lactating dairy cows

Dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) has been commonly used as a dietary protein source for lactating dairy cows. However, there is a paucity of data evaluating the use of DDGS as a partial replacement of forage or grain. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of partially replacing barley silage or barley grain with corn/wheat-based DDGS on dry matter intake (DMI), chewing activity, rumen fermentation, and milk production. Six ruminally cannulated lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 21-d periods. Cows were fed the control diet (CON: 45% barley silage, 5% alfalfa hay, and 50% concentrate mix), a low forage (LF) diet or a low grain (LG) diet, in which barley silage or barley grain was replaced by DDGS at 20% of dietary dry matter, respectively. All diets were formulated to contain 18% crude protein and fed as total mixed rations. Compared with CON, cows fed the LF diet had greater DMI (26.0 vs. 22.4 kg/d), yields of milk (36.4 vs. 33.0 kg/d), milk protein (1.18 vs. 1.05 kg/d), and milk lactose (1.63 vs. 1.46 kg/d), but milk fat yield was not affected. The LF diet decreased chewing time compared with the CON diet (29.7 vs. 39.1 min/kg of DMI), but did not affect rumen pH and duration of rumen pH below 5.8. Compared with CON, feeding the LG diet tended to increase minimum and maximum rumen pH, but did not affect DMI, milk yield, and milk composition in this study. These results indicate that a partial replacement of barley silage with DDGS can improve the productivity of lactating dairy cows without negatively affecting rumen fermentation and milk fat production. Barley grain can also be partially replaced by DDGS in diets for lactating dairy cows without causing negative effects on productivity.     

Fatty acids and cholesterol oxidation in salted and dried shrimp

The aim of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of cholesterol oxidation products and to analyze the lipidic profile in salted–dried shrimp. Fifty samples of salted–dried shrimp were evaluated, and the cholesterol oxides (7β-OH, 7α-OH, 7-Keto and 25-OH) were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The cholesterol oxides: 7β-OH (34.63–72.56 μg/g), 7α-OH (5.02–12.12μg/g), 7-Keto (7.44–32.68 μg/g) and 25-OH (2.37–22.88 μg/g) were determined in all samples analyzed. Regarding to the total cholesterol content and the average thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content, the results ranged from 73.88 to 247.69 mg/100 g, and 0.02 to 1.30 mgMA/kg, respectively. The fatty acids profile was: 27.48% saturated, 43.90% monounsaturated and 28.61% polyunsaturated. The presence of cholesterol oxidation products and the values of TBARS indicate the degree of oxidation of this product, which was probably initiated by inadequate conditions of processing and storage.     

辣木籽提取物对高脂血症小鼠血脂及肝脏的影响北大核心CSCD

通过向高脂血症模型小鼠灌胃辣木籽提取物,研究辣木籽提取物对高脂血症小鼠血脂及肝脏的影响。将60只KM小鼠按体质量随机分为正常组,模型组,辛伐他汀组(1 mg/kg),辣木籽提取物低(5 mg/kg)、中(10 mg/kg)、高(20 mg/kg)剂量组,每组10只。除正常组饲喂基础饲料外,其余各组小鼠以高脂饲料连续喂养。实验第6周开始,除正常组和模型组外,其余各组小鼠灌胃给予相应药物,连续3周。实验结束后测定各组小鼠血清HDL-C、LDL-C、 TG、TC水平;剖取肝脏,测定肝脏指数并进行病理形态学观察;采用免疫组化法检测肝脏组织法尼酯X受体(FXR)蛋白的表达水平。结果表明:低、中、高剂量辣木籽提取物可显著降低高脂血症小鼠血清TG、TC及LDL-C水平(p<0.05),极显著升高HDL-C水平(p<0.01),改善小鼠肝脏病理形态,极显著降低小鼠肝脏病理评分(p<0.01);低剂量辣木籽提取物可显著降低小鼠肝脏指数,低、中剂量辣木籽提取物可显著降低肝脏FXR蛋白的表达(p<0.05)。因此,一定剂量的辣木籽提取物对高脂血症小鼠具有显著的治疗作用,其作用机制可能与下调FXR蛋白表达有关。     

Lactobacillus casei starter culture improves vitamin content,increases acidity and decreases nitrite concentration during sauerkraut fermentation

To investigate the effects of Lactobacillus casei on Chinese sauerkraut fermentation, L. casei 11MZ‐5‐1 was inoculated into Chinese sauerkraut. Physicochemical indexes were measured, and the microbial dynamics during the fermentation were analysed by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) and polymerase chain reaction‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR‐DGGE). The result showed that inoculation with L. casei 11MZ‐5‐1 lowered the pH of the fermentation system more rapidly than in the control model (CK). The content of vitamin C (V_C) (44.64 ± 2.12 mg kg^?1) was higher and nitrite (under 0.76 mg kg^?1) was lower than CK (P < 0.05). The numbers of 16S rRNA gene copies in the experimental model (BA) were lower than in CK at the end fermentation time. According to the PCR‐DGGE analyses, 22 and 17 specific bands were detected in CK and BA, respectively. L. paracasei and L. casei were predominant during the fermentation in BA. The relative abundance and diversity indices of bacteria in BA were 8.23 ± 0.25 and 2.01 ± 0.06, respectively, lower than in the CK (P < 0.05). So, the L. casei 11MZ‐5‐1 inoculations could effectively inhibit the microbial diversity in the fermentation system. The fermented cabbage with L. casei 11MZ‐5‐1 was more favourably estimated by consumers in terms of colour, crispness, sourness, aroma, bitterness, stink, stale flavour and overall acceptability.     

Heat-moisture treatment of high-amylose corn starch increases dietary fiber content and lowers plasma cholesterol in ovariectomized rats

ABSTRACT:  The effect of dietary high-amylose corn starch (HACS) of varying dietary fiber (DF) content on plasma cholesterol was examined in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Gelatinized normal corn starch (G-CS) was used as a reference. OVX rats were fed a fiber-free purified diet containing G-CS, HACS, gelatinized high-amylose corn starch (G-HACS), or heat-moisture treated HACS (HM-HACS) at 400 g starch/kg diet for 21 d. The DF content of G-CS, HACS, G-HACS, and HM-HACS measured by the AOAC method was 0.1, 19.3, 2.4, and 64.5 g/100 g, respectively. The dry weight of cecal contents, cecal wall weight, the amount of short chain fatty acids in cecal contents, the amount of bile acids in small intestinal contents, and fecal excretion of neutral sterols increased logarithmically with increasing DF, while total plasma cholesterol concentration decreased. On the other hand, hepatic CYP7A1 activity, fecal dry weight, and fecal excretion of bile acids increased linearly with increasing DF, while body weight gain decreased. The hypocholesterolemic effect of HACS in OVX-rats appeared to be more effective by heat-moisture treatment.     

Fish protein decreases serum cholesterol in rats by inhibition of cholesterol and bile acid absorption

Fish protein has been shown to decrease serum cholesterol content by inhibiting absorption of cholesterol and bile acid in laboratory animals, though the mechanism underlying this effect is not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the mechanism underlying the inhibition of cholesterol and bile acid absorption following fish protein intake. Male Wistar rats were divided into 2 dietary groups of 7 rats each, 1 group receiving a diet consisting of 20% casein and the other receiving a diet consisting of 10% casein and 10% fish protein. Both experimental diets also contained 0.5% cholesterol and 0.1% sodium cholate. After the rats had been on their respective diets for 4 wk, their serum and liver cholesterol contents and fecal cholesterol, bile acid, and nitrogen excretion contents were measured. Fish protein consumption decreased serum and liver cholesterol content and increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion and simultaneously increased fecal nitrogen excretion. In addition, fish protein hydrolyzate prepared by in vitro digestion had lower micellar solubility of cholesterol and higher binding capacity for bile acids compared with casein hydrolyzate. These results suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effect of fish protein is mediated by increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion, which is due to the digestion products of fish protein having reduced micellar solubility of cholesterol and increased bile acid binding capacity.     

Evaluation of dried and wet distillers grains included at two concentrations in the diets of lactating dairy cows

The purpose of this study was to determine the lactation performance of dairy cows fed dried or wet distillers grains (DG) with solubles (DDGS or WDGS) at 2 dietary concentrations. A trial using 15 cows was designed as a replicated 5 × 5 Latin square with periods of 4 wk each and data collected during wk 3 and 4 of each period. Diets, on a dry matter basis, were: control, 10% DDGS, 20% DDGS, 10% WDGS, and 20% WDGS. All diets contained 25% corn silage, 25% alfalfa hay, and 50% of the respective concentrate mixes. Dry matter intake (DMI) tended to be greater for cows fed control than DG (23.4, 22.8, 22.5, 23.0, and 21.9 kg/d for control, 10% DDGS, 20% DDGS, 10% WDGS, and 20% WDGS). Milk yield (39.8, 40.9, 42.5, 42.5, and 43.5 kg/d) was greater for cows fed DG than control. Milk fat percentage (3.23, 3.16, 3.28, 3.55, and 3.40%) was similar for cows fed control and DG, but greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS. Milk fat yield was greater for cows fed DG than control and tended to be greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS. Milk fat from cows fed DG, especially 20% DG, was more unsaturated and contained more cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid than when fed the control diet. Milk protein percentage (3.05, 3.01, 3.02, 3.11, and 3.06%) was similar for cows fed control and DG but greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS. Milk protein yield was greater for cows fed DG than control, tended to be greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS, and tended to be greater for cows fed 20% DG than 10% DG. Milk urea nitrogen was similar for cows fed control and DG but greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS and tended to be higher for cows fed 20% DG than 10% DG. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were greater for cows fed WDGS than DDGS. Overall, feeding DG improved feed efficiency (1.70, 1.79, 1.87, 1.84, and 1.92 kg of energy-corrected milk/kg of DMI) by increasing yields of milk, protein, and fat while tending to decrease DMI.     

Effects of sanshoamides and capsaicinoids on plasma and liver lipid metabolism in hyperlipidemic rats

Food Science and Biotechnology - The objective of this study was to determine the effects of sanshoamides and capsaiciniods on plasma and liver lipid levels and the mRNA expression levels of key...     

Lactobacillus gasseri [corrected] CHO-220 and inulin reduced plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol via alteration of lipid transporters

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and parallel-designed study was conducted to investigate the effect of a synbiotic product containing Lactobacillus acidophilus CHO-220 and inulin on lipid profiles of hypercholesterolemic men and women. Thirty-two hypercholesterolemic men and women with initial mean plasma cholesterol levels of 5.7 ± 0.32 mmol/L were recruited for the 12-wk study. The subjects were randomly allocated to 2 groups; namely the treatment group (synbiotic product) and the control group (placebo), and each received 4 capsules of synbiotic or placebo daily. Our results showed that the mean body weight, energy, and nutrient intake of the subjects did not differ between the 2 groups over the study period. The supplementation of synbiotic reduced plasma total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol by 7.84 and 9.27%, respectively, compared with the control over 12 wk. Lipoproteins were subsequently subfractionated and characterized. The synbiotic supplementation resulted in a lower concentration of triglycerides in the very low, intermediate, low, and high-density lipoprotein particles compared with the control over 12 wk. The concentration of triglycerides in lipoproteins is positively correlated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Our results showed that the synbiotic might exhibit an atheropreventive characteristic. Cholesteryl ester (CE) in the high-density lipoprotein particles of the synbiotic group was also higher compared with the control, indicating greater transport of cholesterol in the form of CE to the liver for hydrolysis. This may have led to the reduced plasma total cholesterol level of the synbiotic group. The supplementation of synbiotic also reduced the concentration of CE in the LDL particles compared with the control, leading to the formation of smaller and denser particles that are more easily removed from blood. This supported the reduced LDL-cholesterol level of the synbiotic group compared with the control. Our present study showed that the synbiotic product improved plasma total- and LDL-cholesterol levels by modifying the interconnected pathways of lipid transporters. In addition, although Lactobacillus acidophilus CHO-220 could deconjugate bile, our results showed a statistically insignificant difference in the levels of conjugated, deconjugated, primary, and secondary bile acids between the synbiotic and control groups over 12 wk, indicating safety from bile-related toxicity.