氮含量对正火型钒微合金化钢强化效果和显微组织的影响

 利用V-N微合金化技术,在Q345钢基础上进行V-N微合金化,将通用型正火容器用钢的强度水平由345 MPa升级至400 MPa。考察了不同N含量对正火型V-N钢组织和强化效果的影响。结果表明,随着N含量增加,正火态V微合金化试验钢的屈服强度明显提高;每加入50×10-6的N,屈服强度提高18 MPa左右,同时屈强比上升。随着N含量提高,V微合金化钢产生明显的晶粒细化效果,试验钢的铁素体晶粒尺寸由13.36 μm逐渐细化至7.89 μm。对比热轧态试验钢和正火态试验钢的强化效果,发现正火态试验钢的析出强化作用相对较弱,而细晶强化作用相对显著。     

CSP流程V-N微合金钢冶金学特征研究

研究了在CSP技术的特定工艺流程中V—N微合金钢的冶金学特征。结果表明,对0．05％C-l.5％Mr-0．12％V一0．020％N钢,连铸出坯后已有大量微细V（CN）析出,均热后仅有部分沉淀溶解。这些铸坯中的微细沉淀对抑制变形奥氏体再结晶晶粒长大有十分重要的作用。在工业试生产中,铁素体晶粒尺寸3～4μm的V-N微合金化超细晶粒钢已经试制成功。在CSP流程V-N微合金钢中,V的沉淀强化作用也显著提高了试验钢的强度水平。通过对V—N微合金钢的超细组织控制和沉淀强化控制,在CSP流程上可生产屈服强度达550MPa级的低碳贫珠光体高强度钢。     

正火过程中V——N微合金化钢的第二相行为

采用物理化学相分析、高分辨透射电镜等手段研究V-N微合金化钢在正火过程中第二相行为,并进行相应的理论计算,讨论该行为对材料性能产生的影响.正火加热保温过程中,V-N钢有约32.9%的V(C,N)未溶解,阻止奥氏体晶粒长大.在正火冷却过程中,未溶解的V(C,N)诱导晶内铁素体形核,细化铁素体晶粒,而溶解的V(C,N)重新析出,起到析出强化作用.V(C,N)析出相行为的变化导致材料力学性能的改变.与热轧态V-N钢相比,正火态V-N钢细晶强化贡献值增加31 MPa,而析出强化贡献值减少45 MPa.      

钒微合金化钢的技术进展与应用

摘要：介绍了钒微合金化技术的最新进展以及钒钢的开发与应用情况。氮是含钒钢中有效的合金元素,含钒钢中增氮,优化了钒在钢中的析出,显著提高沉淀强化效果。采用钒氮微合金化设计,配合适当的轧制工艺,促进V(C,N)在奥氏体中析出,起到了晶内铁素体形核核心作用,实现了含钒钢的晶粒细化。最新的研究成果表明钒微合金化可以提高双相钢、贝氏体钢、相变诱导塑性钢、孪晶诱导塑性钢、热成型马氏体钢等汽车用先进高强度钢的强度并改善使用性能,显示出良好的应用前景。钒氮微合金化技术在中国高强度钢筋、高强度型钢、非调质钢、薄板坯连铸连轧高强度带钢等产品中获得广泛应用,大大促进了中国钒微合金化钢的发展。     

V-N微合金化高强度厚板的研制

对比了V-N微合金化和V微合金化钢的强化效果，确认钢中增加N含量能有效提高V的析出强化与细晶强化能力，对钢的各项性能都不会产生不利影响。采用V-N微合金化和控制轧制工艺试制了60、70mm厚板，产品性能到达了Q390E钢的质量要求。     

EAF-CSP流程V-N微合金钢中第二相的析出

目前,在EAF-CSP流程中通过V-N微合金化技术可成功生产屈服强度为550 MPa的高强度低合金钢.然而,基于热力学平衡考虑,对铸坯中V(C,N)的析出分析存在争议.针对珠钢CSP流程生产的V-N微合金钢,采用物理化学相分析方法、透射电镜的复型分析以及扫描电镜观察了流程中不同阶段试样的V(C,N)析出情况.并通过Thermo-Calc 理论计算,初步探讨了EAF-CSP流程V-N微合金钢中Ti以及Al的析出对V(C,N)析出的影响.     

V-N微合金化高强度球扁钢截面均匀性研究

针对高强度球扁钢截面性能不均匀的特点,采用金相显微镜、透射电镜、相分析等试验分析方法,研究了V-N微合金化对其截面性能均匀性的影响。结果表明,V-N微合金化技术改善了球扁钢的截面性能均匀性,显著提高了球头心部的性能,这和V在球扁钢不同部位的不同析出行为密切相关。球头心部比其他部位具备更充分的V(C,N)析出动力学条件,析出强化效果更明显,弥补了因组织差异带来的强度损失,减小了截面性能差异。     

V-N微合金化CSP带钢中的析出物研究

利用Gleeble 1500D热力模拟实验机,在实验室模拟了V-N微合金化CSP钢带的生产过程.实验结果显示,在连铸初期,TiN基本全部从钢中析出,而随着铸坯温度的降低,V开始以TiN为核心或单独形核析出,在铸坯均热后,大部分单独形核的V(C,N)趋于溶解,未溶解的则开始长大,而以TiN为核心的(Ti,V)(C,N)中的V部分溶解于钢中,V在粒子中的含量减少.在CSP连轧中,V(C,N)不断从钢中析出,全部析出物起阻碍奥氏体晶粒长大的作用,而含V颗粒还促进铁素体的形核,提高奥氏体/铁素体相变比率,细化最终的铁素体组织.     

V-N微合金化厚壁H型钢的组织、力学性能及析出物研究

针对高强度厚壁H型钢易在截面不同部位产生性能差异的特点,研究了V-N微合金化方式对高强度厚壁H型钢性能均匀性的影响.结果显示,V-N微合金化对H型钢力学性能的截面不均匀性有所改善,尤其显著提高了翼缘和腹板结合部位的性能.这和V在H型钢不同部位的不同析出行为有关系.     

V含量对V-Mo-N微合金钢贝氏体区析出行为的影响

通过热模拟和透射电镜(TEM)等研究方法对三种不同V含量的V-Mo-N微合金钢在贝氏体铁素体基体中析出粒子分布、形貌和尺寸进行了观察和分析。结果表明:在V-Mo-N微合金钢中,当Mo的添加量较低时,析出粒子为V(C,N),Mo元素全部固溶于基体中起到固溶强化作用,并不会形成Mo的碳氮化物析出。随着V含量的提高,组织中的贝氏体板条逐渐变细并向粒状贝氏体转变。V含量在0.05%~0.16%时,试验钢析出量随V含量增加而增加,同时,钢的硬度也增加。     

氮在非调质钢中的作用

介绍了氮在非调质钢中的有益作用。非调质钢中增氮,改变了钒在相间的分布,促进Ｖ（Ｃ,Ｎ）析出,使析出相的颗粒尺寸明显减小,从而增强了钒的沉淀强化作用、大幅度提高钢的强度。氮通过促进Ｖ（Ｃ〉Ｎ）析出,有效地钉扎奥氏体－－铁素体昌细化了铁素体晶粒。增氮还可促进晶内铁素体的形成,进一步细化了铁素体组织。对微钛处理非调质钢,增氮提高了ＴｉＮ颗粒的稳定性,更有效地阻止奥氏体晶粒长大,充分利用廉价的氮元素,在保     

Recent Development and Applications of V Microalloying Technology in China

This paper reviews recent developments of V microalloying technology and its applications in HSLA steels.Enhanced-nitrogen in V-containing steel promotes precipitation of fine V(C,N) particles,and improves markedly precipitation strengthening effectiveness of vanadium,therefore,there is a significant saving of V addition in the same strength requirement.Vanadium can be used effectively for ferrite grain refinement by the nucleation of intragranular ferrite promoted by VN precipitates in Austenite.The combination of intragranular ferrite (IGF) on VN particles and the recrystallization controlled rolling (RCR) technology realize the grain refinement in V-containing steel.V-N process is a cost-effective way for high strength rebars,forging steels and thin slab direct rolling strips.     

V-N微合金化钢筋中钒的析出行为

研究了氮对含钒微合金化钢筋中钒的析出行为的影响。实验结果表明：低氮钒钢中,大部分钒固溶于铁素体基体,比例高达565,只有35．5％钒形成V（C,N）;高氮钒钢中,70％的钒析出形成V（C,N）,只有20％的钒因溶于基体,钢氮还减小了V（C,N）颗粒尺寸,明显增加细小V（C,N）析出相的体积分数。     

Effect of V–Nb Composite Microalloying on Microstructure and Properties of Non-Quenched and Tempered Forged Steel

Herein, non-quenched and tempered forging steels containing V and V–Nb are designed, and the mechanical properties and microstructure of two steels are compared and analyzed. The comprehensive mechanical properties of V–Nb containing steel are as follows: the yield strength is 525.1 MPa, the impact energy A_kV is 62.1 J at ambient temperature, and the elongation is 26.1%. It is shown in the results that the addition of Nb element can refine the grain size (17.2 μm), increase the ferrite content (54.1%), and refine the lamellar spacing of pearlite (274 nm). The formation of V (C, N) particles on MnS inclusions can promote fine ferrite nucleation and growth, and Nb element can further promote ferrite nucleation by forming coarser (V, Nb) (C, N) particles. The difference of yield strength and hardness between the two steels is mainly caused by the difference of precipitation strengthening, the precipitation-strengthening increment of V–Nb containing steel is 18.31 MPa higher than that of V containing steel, which is because the coarser-size (V, Nb) (C, N) particles produce stronger precipitation-strengthening effect. But the large-sized MnS inclusions are beneficial to the increase of crack driving force and reduce the plasticity and toughness.     

CSP生产的钒氮微合金钢的组织细化和析出物研究

 紧凑式带钢工艺（CSP）生产的钒氮微合金钢屈服强度超过600 MPa,韧性良好。采用扫描电镜和透射电镜观察发现,铁素体平均晶粒直径在3 μm左右,在铁素体晶粒内部分布着数十纳米和几纳米的两类V(C,N)析出物。细晶强化是主要的强化方式,在铁素体中析出的V(C,N)粒子起到了沉淀强化作用。分析了超细晶组织形成的主要原因。     

Different Roles for Vanadium as a Microalloying Element in Structural Steels

Vanadium is the most versatile of the microalloying elements used in steels.The present paper describes three separate ways in which vanadium is used to optimize mechanical properties in different products.Firstly,precipitation of V(C,N) during the γ→α transformation or in ferrite during cooling provides strengthening that is especially useful in long products and forgings.Additionally,VN particles which precipitate in austenite act as efficient intra-granular nucleants for ferrite,contributing improved strength and toughness in suitable process routes such as seamless pipe production.Thirdly,vanadium is supremely effective in preventing recovery in martensite and bainite.In this way it can be applied to maintain strength and reduces variability of properties in hot rolled strip steels.     

Influence of V(C,N) Precipitates on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Continuous Cooled C-Mn-V

The effect of chemical composition and processing parameters on the formation of acicular ferrite and/or bainite has been investigated.In particular,this paper deals with the influence that N through its combination with V,as V(C,N) precipitates,has on the decomposition of austenite.Likewise,the intragranular nucleation potency of V(C,N) precipitates is analyzed through the continuous cooling transformation diagrams (CCT) of two C-Mn-V steels with different contents of N.Results reported in this work allow us to conclude that acicular ferrite can only be achieved alloying with vanadium and nitrogen,meanwhile bainite is promoted in steels with a low level of nitrogen.It is concluded that higher strength values are obtained in acicular ferrite than in bainitic steel but a similar brittle-ductile transition temperature (BDT),and lower values of impact absorbed energy (KV) has been recorded in nitrogen-rich steel.     

Low carbon manganese steels microalloyed with vanadium and nitrogen

With the objective of studying the effect of vanadium and nitrogen microalloying on microstructure and strength of low carbon steels with different manganese contents, three series of low carbon steels (0.1% C) with manganese content (between 0.8 and 3.5%), vanadium content (up to 0.17%) and nitrogen content (up to 0.025%) have been designed and investigated in the hot forging condition using a preheating and finish forging temperatures of 1200 and 950°C, respectively. Steels with a manganese content up to 2.3% revealed ferrite-pearlite structures, whereas higher manganese contents from 2.7 to 3.5% resulted in the formation of bainitic structures. A pronounced effect of manganese on the mechanical properties of steels was detected at lower manganese contents < 1.5%, due to solid solution and grain refining effects, and higher manganese contents > 2.3, due to bainite formation. Manganese content in the range of 1.5-2.3% had less pronounced effect due to solely solid solution hardening. Vanadium microalloying effectively increased the strength of steels through solely precipitation strengthening or both precipitation strengthening and grain refining effect. The effectiveness of vanadium was greatly enhanced by increasing the nitrogen content. The grain refinement of vanadium-nitrogen microalloying seems to be due to inhibition of austenite grain growth as a result of precipitation of vanadium nitride in austenite during forging. Precipitation strengthening of these steels is achieved by precipitation of vanadium carbide and nitride in ferrite or bainite. Nitrogen enhanced the precipitation strengthening of vanadium microalloyed steels which could be attributed to the finer vanadium nitride dispersion precipitates compared with vanadium carbide. Up to 70% of the total nitrogen content of steel precipitates as vanadium nitride which could be achieved with V/N ratio of about 6-7. Microalloying of low carbon-manganese steels (0.1% C and 1.8% Mn) with 0.15% vanadium and 0.025% nitrogen was found to be effective in attaining high levels of yield and ultimate tensile strengths of 835 and 940 N/mm², respectively in the forging condition.     

Effects of micro-alloying and production process on precipitation behaviors and mechanical properties of HRB600

Effects of micro-alloying elements and production process on microstructure,mechanical properties and precipitates of 600 MPa grade rebars were studied by using pilot test,metallographic observation,tensile test,thermodynamic calculation and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the tested steels are composed of ferrite and pearlite,in which the content range of pearlite is 33%-45%. For vanadium microalloyed steel,interphase precipitation strengthening effect of V can be promoted and the yield strength of tested steels can be increased with increasing V content and decreasing finishing rolling temperature. The temperature of terminated cooling should be more than 700 °C when the water cooling is used. When niobium is added to the steel,more coarse( Nb,V) C,N precipitates are generated at high temperature,so that the solid solubility of precipitated phases of vanadium is reduced and the precipitation strengthening effect of vanadium is weakened.