氧分压对室温制备掺铝氧化锌薄膜性能的影响

室温下,采用脉冲直流反应磁控溅射方法在玻璃衬底上制备了掺铝的氧化锌(ZnO:Al,AZO)透明导电薄膜。采用配有λ-sensor氧分压传感器的控制器闭环控制氧分压,研究了氧分压对薄膜结构、表面形貌和光电性能的影响。结果表明:在不同的氧分压下制备的AZO薄膜均为多晶纤锌矿结构,具有[002]择优取向,其晶体呈柱状生长,晶粒之间结合紧密。氧分压为3.36×10–2Pa时,AZO薄膜的性能指数最高,其电阻率为1.15×10–3·cm,相应的载流子浓度为2.1×1020/cm3,载流子迁移率为25.8cm2/(V s),可见光透射率为79.1%。随着AZO薄膜的载流子浓度由1.03×1020cm–3增加到3.64×1020cm–3,薄膜禁带宽度由3.49eV增大到3.72eV。     

溶胶凝胶法制备声表面波器件用Li∶ZnO薄膜

用溶胶凝胶法在玻璃载玻片上制备Li∶ZnO薄膜 ,涂膜采用旋涂法。薄膜通过二次涂膜而形成。用X射线衍射、原子力显微镜、扫描电镜和电阻仪表征和测量了薄膜的特性和性能。实验结果表明 :通过改变每层涂膜热处理的温度 ,可使Li∶ZnO薄膜具有更好的c轴择优取向性、平整均匀、颗粒细小和高的薄膜电阻率 (≈ 10 7Ω·cm) ,这些性能可满足声表面波器件的使用要求。薄膜形成时每层采用不同成膜热处理温度可使薄膜有较好性能 ,主要是由于这种工艺能获得优化的薄膜微观结构     

溶胶-凝胶法制备声表面波器件用Li：ZnO薄膜

用溶胶-凝胶法在玻璃载玻片上制备Li∶ZnO薄膜, 涂膜采用旋涂法.薄膜通过二次涂膜而形成.用X射线衍射、原子力显微镜、扫描电镜和电阻仪表征和测量了薄膜的特性和性能.实验结果表明: 通过改变每层涂膜热处理的温度, 可使Li∶ZnO薄膜具有更好的c轴择优取向性、平整均匀、颗粒细小和高的薄膜电阻率(≈107Ω*cm), 这些性能可满足声表面波器件的使用要求.薄膜形成时每层采用不同成膜热处理温度可使薄膜有较好性能, 主要是由于这种工艺能获得优化的薄膜微观结构.     

薄膜厚度对Al掺杂ZnO薄膜性能的影响

采用直流磁控溅射技术,以氧化锌铝陶瓷靶为靶材,在玻璃衬底上制备了ZnO：Al（ZAO）薄膜样品。在其他参数不变的情况下,由不同溅射时间得到了不同厚度的薄膜,研究了薄膜的结构性质、电学和光学性质随薄膜厚度的变化关系。实验结果表明：在薄膜厚度为500 nm时,ZAO薄膜具有最优化的光电性能,电阻率为1.68×10-3Ω.cm,可见光区平均透射率为90.3%。     

超声喷雾热分解法制备硅薄膜太阳电池用ZnO：In透明导电膜

采用超声喷雾热分解法,在Eagle2000衬底上制备ZnO薄膜。通过Hall测试、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和透过率测试研究不同In掺量对ZnO薄膜电学、结构、表面形貌和光学特性的影响。结果表明：当In摩尔掺量（In与ZnO的摩尔比）为1.5%时,获得的薄膜具有较低的电阻率（2.48×10–3cm）;所有In掺杂ZnO...     

气溶胶辅助CVD法制备F掺杂SnO2薄膜及其性能

采用气溶胶辅助化学气相沉积法(AACVD)在玻璃衬底上沉积F掺杂SnO_2(FTO)薄膜,研究了前驱液中不同F/Sn摩尔比制备的FTO薄膜的结构、表面形貌、光学、电学及光致发光性能。结果表明:所制备FTO薄膜均为(200)面择优取向的多晶四方金红石相结构;前驱液中F/Sn摩尔比的增加,会导致(110)面的衍射峰强度增加,薄膜表面堆积颗粒形状发生变化,薄膜样品光学透过率提升;当F/Sn摩尔比=40%时,FTO薄膜具有最大的载流子浓度1.031×10~(21) cm~(–3)以及最小的电阻率3.42×10~(–4)?·cm,这可归结为适量F的存在产生不同的缺陷影响。(200)面择优取向FTO薄膜光致发光谱可用于表征不同缺陷形式的跃迁。     

工艺参数对金刚石薄膜显微结构与性能的影响

着重研究了甲烷浓度、基体温度等工艺参数对热丝CVD法金刚石薄膜显微结构与性能的影响。基体温度（低于1050℃）越高,甲烷浓度越低,膜中非金刚石碳的含量就越低,金刚石的晶形就越完整,晶粒也越大,因而金刚石薄膜的电阻率、初始氧化温度就越高。金刚石薄膜电阻率随温度升高而线性下降,电阻温度系数达2×1010Ω·cm／’℃。     

射频反应磁控溅射制备的SnO_2及SnO_2:F薄膜结构与透明导电性能

以Sn和Sn+SnF_2为靶材,采用射频(RF)反应磁控溅射法在150℃不同O_2流量下制备了厚度约为300 nm的SnO_2和SnO_2:F薄膜。通过X射线衍射、Hall效应测试系统和紫外–可见分光光度计研究了两种薄膜的结构和透明导电性能。结果表明:随O_2流量增加,SnO_2薄膜由非晶变为多晶,择优取向从(101)面过渡到(211)面,薄膜电阻先减小后增大,平均透光率逐渐上升。随O_2流量增加,SnO_2:F薄膜结构与透明导电性能的变化规律与SnO_2薄膜类似,SnO_2:F薄膜的择优取向依次为(002)、(101)和(211)面,由于F掺杂,SnO_2:F薄膜的载流子浓度和迁移率明显增加,电阻率降低,同时平均透过率有所提高。目前,在合适的O_2流量下,SnO_2:F薄膜可达到的最低电阻率为4.16×10~(–3) ?·cm,同时其平均透光率为86.5%。     

膜厚与紫外光辐照对反应溅射法制备的F掺杂SnO2薄膜结构与光电性能的影响EI北大核心CSCD

以Sn+SnF2为靶材,在衬底温度为150和300℃通过反应磁控溅射法制备了厚度为20~400 nm的F掺杂SnO2(FTO)薄膜,并通过紫外光(UV)辐照对2种厚度(20和240nm)的样品进行了后处理,研究了膜厚和UV辐照时间对薄膜结构与透明导电性能的影响。结果表明:随着膜厚或衬底温度的增加,FTO薄膜结晶度提高,但择优取向保持为(211)面;与此同时,薄膜中压应力增大,而导电性能下降。随着膜厚的增加,薄膜透光性先降低后增加,而其禁带宽度(Eg)先明显增加后趋于稳定。增大衬底温度可增大薄膜的透光性和Eg。UV辐照可明显提高薄膜的载流子浓度,从而增强薄膜的导电性能,但对薄膜的透光性无明显改变。另外,讨论了膜厚引起FTO薄膜结构及光电性能变化的相关机制,分析了UV辐照对FTO薄膜光电性能的改善机理。     

种子层及掺杂浓度对溶胶-凝胶法制备ZnO∶Al薄膜光电性能的影响

本文采用溶胶-凝胶法以提拉的方式在普通玻璃基底上制备出n型掺杂具有优良光电性能的氧化锌掺铝(AZO)薄膜,并以磁控溅射AZO薄膜为种子层引导液相法所制备AZO薄膜生长.Al掺杂浓度区间为0.25at％～5.00at％.通过X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、轮廓仪、方块电阻测试仪、霍尔效应测试仪、紫外-可见-红外分光光度计分别研究了薄膜物相、微观结构、膜厚及光电性能,进一步分析了Al掺杂浓度、种子层对薄膜光电性能的影响.结果表明:经10次提拉所制备薄膜可见光透过率85％以上.Al掺杂浓度、种子层的引入对AZO薄膜的光电性能有重要影响.无种子层时,掺杂浓度为0.50at％的AZO薄膜在5％ H2、95％N2还原气氛下于550℃保温60 min得到最优电学性能,方块电阻约为166 Ω/□,电阻率约为1.99×10-3 Ω·cm;预镀AZO种子层所制备薄膜方块电阻下降到约42Ω/□,电阻率下降到约7.56×10-4Ω·cm.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

聚酰亚胺的合成法

本文评述了缩聚型聚酰亚胺的主要合成方法和近年来国际上在合成中所做的探索。