第二类吸收式热泵的热经济学分析

对以溴化锂/水为工质对的第二类吸收式热泵即吸收式热变换器(absorption heattransformer)的热力循环过程进行了热经济学分析,并建立了热经济学数学模型。从热力学和经济学方面对第二类吸收式热泵进行了研究,建立了第二类吸收式热泵系统的成本方程以及各部分的成本方程。     

第一类溴化锂吸收式热泵最佳工作域

介绍了第一类溴化锂吸收式热泵的原理及特点,并与蒸气压缩式水源热泵进行了一次能源效率下的制冷EER、制热COP、冷热平均COP’和制冷制热能力比ε的比较,得出第一类溴化锂吸收式热泵与蒸气压缩式热泵各自的最佳工作域。     

油田污水源热泵系统研究及Aspen仿真分析

针对油田污水资源丰富的特点并基于溴化锂吸收式热泵工作原理,设计一种回收油田污水余热替代水套加热炉对原油进行直接加热的第一类溴化锂吸收式热泵系统。使用化工过程仿真模拟软件Aspen对其进行建模计算,分析影响系统性能的几种因素。结果表明,随着蒸发器蒸发压力增大、浓稀溶液换热器冷流出口温度升高、机组放气范围增大,热泵系统性能系数COP随之增高。研究结果可为工程样机的设计提供参考。     

第一、第二类溴化锂吸收式热泵机组标准解析

溴化锂吸收式热泵机组可将热能从低品位热源中取出、转移到高品位热源用于生产工艺或采暖。其中,第一类溴化锂吸收式热泵在高温热源的驱动条件下,提取废热(余热)的热量、输出比废热(余热)高30～60℃的中温热媒;第二类溴化锂吸收式热泵直接利用中温废热(余热)的热量,输出比中温废热(余热)高25～50℃高温热媒(热水、蒸汽)。本文对当前已完成制定的第一、第二类溴化锂吸收式热泵机组产品标准(GB/T34620—2017和JB/T13303—2017)的主要技术要点进行阐述,以期为相关人员更好地理解标准提供支持。     

双效溴化锂吸收式热泵余热回收系统数值模拟研究

溴化锂吸收式热泵机组可以有效回收利用工业和建筑中的各种形式低温余热,提高余热资源回收率,但设备参数对热泵性能影响很大.因此本文基于温度对口和梯级利用的原则,对蒸汽型双效溴化锂吸收式热泵机组内传热部件进行热力及传热分析,通过质量和能量守恒建立热泵机组数学模型,分析热网供水温度、蒸发器进口低温余热水温度和驱动热源温度这三个...     

增压型溴化锂吸收式制冷（热泵）机组特性研究和溴化锂溶液热物性研究

溴化锂吸收式制冷是一种兼备环保与节能的制冷技术,已经得到广泛的重视和发展。本文介绍了关于溴化锂吸收式制冷的两方面研究,一方面是增压提效亚稳平衡型溴化锂吸收式制冷（热泵）机组特性研究,另一方面是添加剂对溴化锂溶液表面张力与传递性能的复合效应及其耦合机理研究。这两方面的研究均取得优异的成果。     

直燃式溴化锂冷温水机组的能耗与经济性分析

对东华大学4号学院楼的溴化锂冷温水机组进行分析,在实际运行工况下与水源热泵系统在一次能耗率、（火用）效率和寿命期总费用3个指标上进行比较,并对直燃式溴化锂吸收式制冷机的应用提出几点建议。     

吸收式热泵回收火电厂冷凝热供暖的技术经济性

介绍了溴化锂吸收式热泵的工艺流程,以某300MW抽凝供热机组为例,分析热泵供热前后机组供热能力的变化,对机组节能效益进行计算与分析,并对电厂安装热泵后节能效益的算法进行讨论。结果表明:供热机组安装热泵后,相同抽汽量的情况下机组对外供热能力大大增加;并且在供热量相同的情况下,不同的收益计算方法所得到的节能收益结果相差较大,因此,在计算溴化锂吸收式热泵的节能收益时,应以供热机组实际的运行工况选择合适的计算方法。     

荏原世界单体最大吸收式热泵应用京能热电

烟台荏原生产的8台超大型溴化锂吸收式热泵机组已于日前陆续出厂,供京能热电使用。此次供货的热泵机组单机制热能力达到20MW,是迄今为止世界单体最大的吸收式热泵机组。采用吸收式热泵技术可对热电厂循环水余热得到利用,总供热能力达到160MW,在不增加锅炉和供热机组的情况增加供热面积200万平米,有效解决了电厂供热能力不足的问题。     

太阳能溴化锂吸收式制冷装置工作过程模拟

以太阳能驱动溴化锂吸收式制冷实验装置为对象，应用MCGS组态软件建立了实验装置的工艺流程，建立了太阳能驱动溴化锂吸收式制冷装置仿真计算模型，应用VB编制了仿真计算程序。通过OLE自动化技术将VB和MCGS连接，把在VB中计算的运转参数和热工性能指标传送给MCGS用户界面，在MCGS工程中实时地显示溴化锂吸收式制冷热泵装置的工作参数和性能指标。在装置实验条件下得到较好的仿真结果。     

溴化锂机组冷却炼厂循环水的应用分析

炼厂低温余热由于温度低、热源分布广等特点,回收热能困难,回收低温余热成为我国炼油企业节能的重要途径之一.本文通过对溴化锂吸收式制冷及炼厂低温热特点的分析,提出利用低温热作为驱动溴化锂吸收式制冷机的热源的方案,并以某催化裂化装置为例,设计单效溴化锂吸收式制冷机.该制冷机设计合理,COP为0.67,产生的冷量为8.8741 x10 7kcal/h,可实现年节省2050.3万元,经济效益显著.低温余热驱动溴化锂吸收式制冷机可以完全冷却本装置产生的循环水,实现炼厂的节能减排目标,而该制冷机安全环保,应用于炼厂的低温热回收安全可靠.     

溴化锂溶液中添加活性炭颗粒对制冷机出力的影响

为改善吸收式制冷机的性能,基于活性炭的高吸附性,研究在溴化锂水溶液添加适量活性炭颗粒形成的悬浮液的传热传质性能,分析活性炭/溴化锂悬浮液替代溴化锂水溶液作为吸收剂的可行性。研究表明,悬浮液的粘度随活性炭浓度线性增长,以悬浮液作为吸收剂的制冷机的出力随透湿系数、悬浮液吸附平衡常数及换热表面积呈近似线性增长关系,并且,以活性炭/溴化锂悬浮液作吸收剂的制冷机出力较以纯溴化锂溶液作吸收剂的制冷机出力大。     

Testing of crystallization inhibitors in industrial LiBr solutions

Concentrated lithium bromide (LiBr) solutions are used in absorption heat pumps for heating and cooling buildings. To increase the Carnot efficiency of heat pumps, it is necessary to decrease the lowest temperature of the cycle while keeping the high concnentration LiBr solution from freezing. By adding the appropriate additive, the crystallization temperature can be decreased to allow the enlargement of the operating range. As an attempt to test the behavior of several organophosphorous additives within industrial LiBr solutions, the freezing points of unused and used industrials solutions in the presence of these additives have been measured. The temperature stability of the tested additives has also been determined.     

振动对于吸收式制冷影响的实验研究

利用已搭建的装有电动振动系统的溴化锂吸收式制冷实验台,对溴冷机各主要部件的性能进行实验分析。主要分析振动对于吸收式制冷过程中传热和制冷性能的影响。通过实验数据的处理和分析可以看出：在低频振动状态下,蒸发器、吸收器内的换热效果均优于静止的情形,表明低频振动有利于强化换热,同时增加了机组制冷量,提高了机组COP值。     

Heat and mass transfer enhancement of binary nanofluids for H2O/LiBr falling film absorption process

The objectives of this study are to measure the vapor absorption rate and heat transfer rate for falling film flow of binary nanofluids, and to compare the enhancement of heat transfer and mass transfer under the same conditions of nanofluids. The key parameters are the base fluid concentration of LiBr, the concentration of nanoparticles in weight %, and nanoparticle constituents. The binary nanofluids are H₂O/LiBr solution with nanoparticles of Fe and Carbon nanotubes (CNT) with the concentrations of 0.0, 0.01 and 0.1 wt %. The vapor absorption rate increases with increasing the solution mass flow rate and the concentration of Fe and CNT nanoparticles. It is found that the mass transfer enhancement is much more significant than the heat transfer enhancement in the binary nanofluids with Fe and CNT. It is also found that the mass transfer enhancement from the CNT nanoparticles becomes higher than that from the Fe nanoparticles. Therefore, the CNT is a better candidate than Fe nanoparticles for absorption performance enhancement in H₂O/LiBr absorption system.     

某工厂乙醇蒸馏设备的热回收系统应用的节能特性分析

传统的乙醇生产工艺存在设备投资大、能耗高等问题,因而发展受到制约。减少燃料消耗,提高能源的利用率,促进经济社会可持续发展。文中提出利用第二类溴化锂吸收式热泵先进的节能技术与工厂乙醇工艺需要相结合,回收利用中温热源,制取生产需求的高温热源,从而达到节能减排的要求。     

Alternative heating of a municipal swimming pool

Swimming pools require large amounts of energy at low temperature levels, and are suitable for the application of alternative heating systems. Four different systems are considered: compression heat pump, absorption heat pump, motor driven heat pump with thermal recovery and a combined system.A short thermodynamic analysis is carried out which shows that the combined system has the lowest power requirement. Capital cost estimates demonstrate the advantage of choosing the absorption heat pump.     

Cycle analysis of an air-cooled LiBr/H2O absorption heat pump of parallel-flow type

A gas-fired absorption heat pump with cooling capacity of 2 RT was analysed as an air-conditioner for domestic use during the summer. The absorption heat pump considered was an air-cooled, double-effect, LiBr/H₂O system of parallel-flow type. The performance of the absorption heat pump in the cooling mode of operation was investigated through cycle simulation to obtain the system characteristics depending on the inlet temperature of air to the absorber, the working solution concentrations, the solution distribution ratio of the mass of solution into the first generator to the total mass of solution from the absorber, and the LTDs (leaving temperature differences) of the heat-exchanging components. When the predicted results were compared with the measured data for similar design conditions, reasonable agreement was observed. The optimum design and operating conditions of an air-cooled absorption system are suggested based on this cycle simulation analysis.     

Alternative heating of a municipal swimming poolSolution de rechange pour le chauffage d'une piscine municipale

Swimming pools require large amounts of energy at low temperature levels, and are suitable for the application of alternative heating systems. Four different systems are considered: compression heat pump, absorption heat pump, motor driven heat pump with thermal recovery and a combined system.A short thermodynamic analysis is carried out which shows that the combined system has the lowest power requirement. Capital cost estimates demonstrate the advantage of choosing the absorption heat pump.