共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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电容式陀螺仪是一种振动式陀螺仪,由于加工的特殊性使其具有了传统的陀螺无法比拟的优点,从而拓宽了其应用领域.为了提高陀螺仪的检测精度,本文提出了一种静电梳齿驱动、栅结构的电容式检测的微机械陀螺仪的设计方法,并分析了其工作原理.运用ANSYS软件对陀螺结构进行了仿真和模态分析,仿真结果与理论计算结果相接近.所设计的陀螺结构采用体硅标准工艺方法进行了设计,并对其进行了流片加工和封装,最终得到了电容式微机械陀螺仪.实验测试的结果表明,陀螺驱动模态的固有频率为4.06kHz,灵敏度为0.027 9 v/((°)s-1). 相似文献
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电磁驱动电容检测的力平衡微机械陀螺相对于压阻检测等方式的其他形式的微机械陀螺来说,具有高灵敏度及高精度的突出优点,但是其接口电路也比较复杂.这一接口电路从功能上可分为驱动电路和检测电路两个部分:驱动电路的主要功能是使微机械陀螺产生在驱动模态固有频率下的振幅稳定的正弦振动;检测电路的主要功能是拾取陀螺所产生的角速度信号.... 相似文献
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为了实现微机械陀螺的频率匹配和双级解耦,提出了一种全对称双级解耦结构体硅微机械陀螺.该陀螺结构完全对称,容易实现驱动和检测模态谐振频率的匹配,提高系统灵敏度.驱动和检测方向的主要阻尼均为滑膜阻尼,在常压下工作也可以获得较高的品质因子,避免了器件的真空封装.利用4组十字折梁,实现了结构的双级解耦.仿真结果表明,模态之间的耦合系数小于0.17%.采用体硅微机械加工技术制作了样品,关键工艺有硅-玻璃阳极键合和DRIE技术.基于计算机图像技术对微机械陀螺进行了测试,验证了陀螺的解耦功能,在常压条件下测得该陀螺的品质因子为195,灵敏度为8.031 mV/((°).s^-1). 相似文献
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设计了锚点耦合式双质量块音叉微机械陀螺,分析了结构的模态顺序与振动灵敏度特性。所设计的结构驱动方向采用反平行杠杆机制,检测方向使用四根线弹性梁连接的锚点耦合圆环梁,实现了驱动方向和检测方向模态顺序的优化,其检测方向的同相频率比反相频率提高了30%。建立了音叉式陀螺的二阶振动微分方程,利用坐标变换法得出锚点耦合式比传统耦合式结构的反相和同相振动输出分别降低了74.8%与88.0%,并进行了Ansys仿真分析验证。在不牺牲陀螺灵敏度的前提下,锚点耦合式双质量块音叉微机械陀螺能够很好地实现模态优化和大幅降低振动输出误差。 相似文献
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结合微机械陀螺仪和隧道效应的特点,提出了角振动微机械隧道陀螺仪的工作原理和结构设计方案。针对微机械陀螺的驱动和检测在面内和面外的结构特点,制定了图像处理法、静电力阶跃激励法和机械激励法等振动特性测试方法,在大气环境下分别对隧道陀螺仪驱动和检测模态的振动特性进行了测试,得到了相应的谐振频率,采用不同的方法得到的结果基本一致。 相似文献
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基于锁相技术的微机械陀螺闭环驱动电路 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
传统的闭环驱动电路其输出信号的频率与微机械陀螺驱动方向的固有频率存在一定偏差,且频率抖动较大,系统的建立时间较长.基于上述不足,在分析微机械陀螺闭环驱动方式工作原理的基础上,提出一种基于锁相技术的闭环驱动电路方案,电路进入稳定工作状态时,交流驱动电压与驱动方向敏感电流的相位及频率一致.微机械陀螺在驱动方向谐振,显著改善了输出信号的频率特性.仿真结果表明,这种闭环驱动电路输出信号频率与微机械陀螺驱动模态固有频率完全一致,频率抖动及系统建立时间分别是传统闭环驱动电路的38%和50%.通过实验验证了该方法的可行性 相似文献
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Modal Coupling in Micromechanical Vibratory Rate Gyroscopes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
《IEEE sensors journal》2006,6(5):1144-1152
The authors present modeling approaches to describe the coupling of modes in a resonant vibratory rate gyroscope. Modal coupling due to off-diagonal stiffness and damping terms is considered. Three analytical modeling approaches are presented in the context of a$z$ -axis micromechanical vibratory rate gyroscope fabricated in an integrated polysilicon surface-micromachining process. The first approach is based on frequency-response analysis of the gyroscope output. The second approach takes the route of state-space-based system identification to identify the modal-coupling parameters. A third approach based on measured vibration data identifies the coupling parameters due to stiffness and damping. These three methods are then applied to predict the extent of displacement and force coupling between the drive and the sense axes of an existing device as a function of varying degrees of matching between the resonant frequencies associated with the drive and the sense modes. Experimental data show that as the resonant frequencies of the drive and sense modes are brought closer together, an improvement in overall resolution and scale factor of the device is obtained at the expense of an enhanced coupling of forces to displacements between the two axes and the onset of instability for an open-loop sensing implementation. 相似文献
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H. Droogendijk R. A. Brookhuis M. J. de Boer R. G. P. Sanders G. J. M. Krijnen 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2014,11(99)
Flies use so-called halteres to sense body rotation based on Coriolis forces for supporting equilibrium reflexes. Inspired by these halteres, a biomimetic gimbal-suspended gyroscope has been developed using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology. Design rules for this type of gyroscope are derived, in which the haltere-inspired MEMS gyroscope is geared towards a large measurement bandwidth and a fast response, rather than towards a high responsivity. Measurements for the biomimetic gyroscope indicate a (drive mode) resonance frequency of about 550 Hz and a damping ratio of 0.9. Further, the theoretical performance of the fly''s gyroscopic system and the developed MEMS haltere-based gyroscope is assessed and the potential of this MEMS gyroscope is discussed. 相似文献
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为使石英陀螺满足高性能、小型化和集成化需求,设计石英陀螺专用集成电路接口芯片势在必行.本文通过分析石英陀螺表头的机电特性,得出方波驱动方式是系统性能和复杂程度的折衷.据此设计了一种闭环自激驱动电路.该电路与石英结构形成反馈环路,从而实现陀螺的自激驱动,并通过自动增益控制电路实现幅值稳定.该电路已用0.5μm CMOS工艺实现,测试结果表明该电路可以实现稳幅稳频的驱动,幅值稳定度0.01%.集成该驱动电路的石英陀螺系统达到战术级性能. 相似文献
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为了探索微机械陀螺突破精度极限的新途径,设计了一种基于环形转子、体硅加工工艺、转子5自由度悬浮的硅微静电陀螺仪.采用玻璃-硅-玻璃键合的三明治式微陀螺结构,提出了包括双边光刻、反应离子刻蚀(RIE)、电感耦合等离子体(ICP)刻蚀、玻-硅静电键合、硅片减薄、多层金属溅射等关键工艺的加工路线.在工艺设计中采用铝牺牲层对转子进行约束,在第2次玻-硅键合后再通过湿法去除牺牲层,以得到可自由活动的转子.基于提出的体硅工艺路线,成功加工出了微陀螺敏感结构,并完成了转子5自由度悬浮和加转实验,测试结果表明大气环境下转子转速可达73.3 r/min. 相似文献
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为满足微机械陀螺仪(MMG)闭环驱动电路起振快速、无超调且稳态精度高等要求,提出了一种基于FPGA的数字化变结构PID控制器,并以其为核心构建了微机械陀螺仪的数字化闭环驱动电路.通过构造以控制误差为自变量的比例增益、积分增益和微分增益函数,使变结构PID的结构和参数能够根据瞬时误差的变化而变化,以提高闭环驱动电路的性能.针对某型微机械陀螺仪敏感结构参数,进行了SIMULINK仿真,仿真结果表明以变结构PID为核心的闭环驱动电路是可行的.起振实验结果表明,经典PID构成的闭环驱动电路,其检测电压的幅值超调量达到了75%,稳定时间为2 s;采用变结构PID控制器后闭环驱动检测电压的幅值无超调且稳定时间为0.7 s;1 h的稳定性实验表明,采用经典PID时检测电压幅值的长期稳定性为2.73×10-5V,采用变结构PID时其稳定性为2.68×10-5V,证明变结构PID可以兼顾系统在快速性、超调量和稳态精度等方面的要求. 相似文献
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《IEEE sensors journal》2003,3(4):497-506
This paper reports a novel four-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) nonresonant micromachined gyroscope design concept that addresses two major MEMS gyroscope design challenges: eliminating the mode-matching requirement and minimizing instability and drift due to mechanical coupling between the drive and sense modes. The proposed approach is based on utilizing dynamical amplification both in the 2-DOF drive-direction oscillator and the 2-DOF sense-direction oscillator, which are structurally decoupled, to achieve large oscillation amplitudes without resonance. The overall 4-DOF dynamical system is composed of three proof masses, where second and third masses form the 2-DOF sense-direction oscillator, and the first mass and the combination of the second and third masses form the 2-DOF drive-direction oscillator. The frequency responses of the drive and sense direction oscillators have two resonant peaks and a flat region between the peaks. The device is nominally operated in the flat regions of the response curves belonging to the drive and sense direction oscillators, where the gain is less sensitive to frequency fluctuations. This is achieved by designing the drive and sense anti-resonance frequencies to match. Consequently, by utilizing dynamical amplification in the decoupled 2-DOF oscillators, increased bandwidth and reduced sensitivity to structural and thermal parameter fluctuations and damping changes are achieved, leading to improved robustness and long-term stability over the operating time of the device. 相似文献