低油价条件下CCUS的经济适用性评价

目前用于油田驱油的CO_2气源主要来自于天然气藏和碳捕集。其中,碳捕集驱油的投入成本较高,且由于煤化工企业与油田距离相对较远,运输成本也较高。通过对CO_2捕集成本、运输成本、驱油成本、增油效益等方面的分析评价,建立了一种CO_2捕集驱油的经济评价方法,并以此评价低油价条件下CO_2捕集、利用和封存(CCUS)技术的经济适用性。同时,以南京化学工业有限公司工业尾气回收所得CO_2用于苏北油田驱油为例,对苏北油田工业尾气CO_2驱油技术开展了经济性评价。     

国内外注CO2驱油地面注入工艺研究现状

外注CO_2驱油地面注入工艺在石油开发与环境保护中具有重要作用。目前,外注CO_2驱油地面注入工艺在石油开发中得到广泛应用。本文旨在通过对外注CO_2驱油地面注入工艺在国内外的研究现状进行分析,为对该工艺的深入了解提供参考支持。     

油田二氧化碳驱集输管道的腐蚀机理研究

随着油田开发的不断深入,及三次采油技术的推广,CO_2驱EOR技术得到了推广和应用,并取得了良好的效果,但是同时也带来了腐蚀等一系列问题。针对CO_2驱油集输管道的腐蚀行为进行研究。通过对采出液性质分析、室内模拟腐蚀实验研究及现场挂片评价分析实验,明确油田管道CO_2腐蚀的机理。     

致密油藏CO_2驱工艺参数优化试验研究

针对姬源油田H3区块注水开发后期注水压力过高、地层亏空严重等问题,开展致密油藏CO_2驱试验研究。以实际地质资料和拟合良好的流体物性参数为依据,通过数值模拟技术,建立CO_2驱概念模型对注入方式、注入速度、气水比例、转注周期四个参数进行优化。研究结果表明,针对H3区块开展的CO_2驱工艺参数优化对驱油效果显著提高。     

低渗透油藏CO_2驱油机理及应用现状研究

当今社会快速发展,能源问题日益严峻。由于低渗透油藏低孔、低渗、自然能量不足等特点,采用常规方法已经不能有效采出原油,CO_2驱是三次采油方法中提高低渗透油藏采收率的一种方法。综述了CO_2驱油的机理、CO_2驱油效果的影响因素以及近些年来国内外CO_2驱油的应用现状,指出CO_2驱在我国低渗透油藏的可行性和巨大潜力。     

降低CO_2驱最小混相压力的方法

由于全球气候变暖,各国减排压力加大,近年来CO_2驱油技术发展迅速。该技术不仅适用于常规油藏,还适用于低渗以及特低渗透油藏,能有效提高原油采收率。CO_2混相驱的采收率明显高于非混相驱,但是中国多数油藏由于CO_2与原油的最小混相压力(MMP)过高而难以实现混相驱油。综述了国内外关于降低CO_2驱最小混相压力的方法,包括改变油藏温度,注入低分子量烃类、低碳醇、妥尔油以及近几年发展起来的表面活性剂技术等。分析了各个方法的优缺点,指出了今后CO_2驱发展的新方向。     

CO_2驱泡沫流度控制方法研究进展综述

CO_2驱油技术是指CO_2在油层条件下,能大量溶解于原油中并使之体积膨胀、黏度下降,并降低油水间的界面张力。与其他驱油技术相比,CO_2驱具有适用范围大、驱油成本低、采油率提高显著等优点,比较适用于高温高盐、中低渗透和稠油等油藏的三次采油,注CO_2提高采收率方法是目前国内外难采石油储量开发行之有效的方法之一。但是CO_2驱面临CO_2的窜逸和较小的波及系数问题,尤其是低渗油藏大多前期压裂投产开发,裂缝导致注入CO_2快速气窜,需研究有效的封窜手段提高CO_2的驱油效果。     

赵1井CO_2驱采油井固体防腐技术

赵1井是一口CO_2驱注入井,注驱见效后油井气窜,CO_2气体含量由65%上升到的90.88%,2016年1月至2017年2月共躺井作业5次,CO_2气体含量在90.88%时躺井周期65d。随着CO_2含量上升,躺井周期大幅度缩短,严重影响正常生产。目前该井套管压力高达5MPa,液体缓蚀剂难以投加。为此开展了固体缓蚀技术应用研究,通过不断总结加药浓度、周期,取得良好的应用效果。     

二氧化碳增油技术可行性探讨

CO_2增油技术主要包括CO_2驱油和CO_2吞吐两方面。本文从CO_2驱油的作用机理和应用情况出发,分析CO_2驱油技术在喇嘛甸油田一类油层聚后水驱的应用可行性;从CO_2吞吐的技术原理和应用情况出发,探讨了CO_2吞吐技术在喇嘛甸油田过渡带采油井的应用可行性。     

低渗透油藏二氧化碳混相驱的现状与展望

低渗油田普遍采用注水开发,已动用储层多存在单井产量低、注水困难、递减快、采收率低等问题,而CO_2混相驱在提高低渗油田石油采收率方面具有明显的技术优势。本文主要分析低渗透油藏CO_2混相驱室内实验和矿场应用的研究现状,总结CO_2混相驱中不同数值模型以及驱替模式的特点和局限性,并统计国外CO_2混相驱项目个数和产量的增长趋势,论证CO_2混相驱是开采低渗透油藏的有效方法。同时针对CO_2混相驱过程中所出现的问题提出有效建议,并对该技术在未来油田中的经济和环保作用提出新的展望。     

低渗透油藏注CO2驱油现状研究

低渗透油田最基本的特点就是流体渗透能力差、产能低,常规方式下采收率低。CO2作为一种驱油剂,在低渗油藏的开发中具有明显的增油降水效果,即CO2驱油技术在封存CO2,降低该温室气体对环境影响的同时,可以提高油田的采收率。通过探讨低渗透油藏注CO2提高原油采收率的驱油机理和应用现状,指出CO2在提高低渗油藏采收率方面大有可为。     

层内生气技术在徐集油田的应用

徐集油田是一个高温、高压、高矿化度、低渗透率的砂岩油藏,为了解决注水开发过程中存在的注水压力高、注水困难、水驱控制程度及水驱动用程度低的难题,采用了集水井降压增注和提高原油采收率于一体的层内生气技术,其技术核心是化学处理剂在预定的地层内发生化学反应,生成CO2气体。文中叙述了层内自生气技术的工艺原理、性能指标及在徐集油田的应用效果。     

Experimental Study of In-Situ CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Foam Technique and Application in Yangsanmu Oilfield

The Yangsanmu oilfield of Dagang is a typical heavy oil reservoir. After the maximum primary production (waterflooding), more than half of the original oil is still retained in the formation. Therefore, the implementation of an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process to further raise the production scheme is inevitable. In this work, a novel in-situ CO₂ foam technique which can be used as a potential EOR technique in this oilfield was studied. A screening of gas producers, foam stabilizers and foaming agents was followed by the study of the properties of the in-situ CO₂ foam systems through static experiments. Core-flooding experiments and field application were also conducted to evaluate the feasibility of this technique. The results indicated that the in-situ CO₂ foam system can improve both the sweep and displacement efficiencies, due to the capacity of this system in reducing oil viscosity and interfacial tension, respectively. The EOR performance of the in-situ CO₂ foam system is better than the single-agent and even binary system (surfactant-polymer) flooding. The filed data demonstrated that the in-situ CO₂ technique can significantly promote oil production and control water cuts. These results are believed to be beneficial in making EOR strategies for similar reservoirs.     

为强化石油回采捕集CO2的全周期评估

The development and deployment of Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage （CCS） technology is a cornerstone of the Norwegian government＇s climate strategy. A number of projects are currently evaluated/planned along the Norwegian West Coast, one at Tjeldbergodden. COe from this project will be utilized in part for enhanced oil recovery in the Halten oil field, in the Norwegian Sea. We study a potential design of such a system. A combined cycle power plant with a gross power output of 832 MW is combined with CO2 capture plant based on a post-combustion capture using amines as a solvent. The captured CO2 is used for enhanced oil recovery （EOR）. We employ a hybrid life-cycle assessment （LCA） method to assess the environmental impacts of the system. The study focuses on the modifications and operations of the platform during EOR. We allocate the impacts connected to the capture of CO2 to electricity production, and the impacts connected to the transport and storage of CO2 to the oil produced. Our study shows a substantial reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions from power production by 80% to 75 g·（kW·h）^-1. It also indicates a reduction of the emissions associated with oil production per unit oil produced, mostly due to the increased oil production. Reductions are especially significant if the additional power demand due to EOR leads to power supply from the land.     

“2+3”提高采收率技术在靖安油田的应用

靖安油田位于鄂尔多斯盆地,现已进入开发中后期,针对其油藏产油量递减速度快,含水率急剧上升,开发效果变差等问题,选取“2+3”提高采收率技术对注水井进行调剖,使其对应油井达到稳产增产的目的,并指出该油田应用“2+3”采油技术的有利条件和改进措施.     

The impact of connate water saturation and salinity on oil recovery and CO2 storage capacity during carbonated water injection in carbonate rock

Carbonated water injection (CWI) is known as an efficient technique for both CO₂ storage and enhanced oil recovery (EOR). During CWI process, CO₂ moves from the water phase into the oil phase and results in oil swelling. This mechanism is considered as a reason for EOR. Viscous fingering leading to early breakthrough and leaving a large proportion of reservoir un-swept is known as an unfavorable phenomenon during flooding trials. Generally, instability at the interface due to disturbances in porous medium promotes viscous fingering phenomenon. Connate water makes viscous fingers longer and more irregular consisting of large number of tributaries leading to the ultimate oil recovery reduction. Therefore, higher in-situ water content can worsen this condition. Besides, this water can play as a barrier between oil and gas phases and adversely affect the gas diffusion, which results in EOR reduction. On the other hand, from gas storage point of view, it should be noted that CO₂ solubility is not the same in the water and oil phases. In this study for a specified water salinity, the effects of different connate water saturations (S_wc) on the ultimate oil recovery and CO₂ storage capacity during secondary CWI are being presented using carbonate rock samples from one of Iranian carbonate oil reservoir. The results showed higher oil recovery and CO₂ storage in the case of lower connate water saturation, as 14% reduction of S_wc resulted in 20% and 16% higher oil recovery and CO₂ storage capacity, respectively.     

Improving oil recovery in the CO2 flooding process by utilizing nonpolar chemical modifiers☆

By means of experiments of CO2 miscibility with crude oil, four nonpolar chemicals were evaluated in order to enhance the miscibility of CO2 with crude oil. Through pre-slug injection and joint injection of toluene in CO2, crude oil displacement experiments in the slim-tube were conducted to investigate effects of the toluene-enhanced CO2 flooding under simulated subterranean reservoir conditions. Experimental results showed that toluene can enhance extraction of oil into CO2 and dissolution of CO2 into oil with the increment of 251%and 64%respectively. Addition of toluene can obviously improve the oil recovery in either pre-slug injection or joint injection, and the crude oil recovery increased with the increase of the toluene concentration. The oil recov-ery can increase by 22.5%in pre-slug injection with the high toluene concentration. Pre-slug injection was recom-mended because it can consume less toluene than joint injection. This work could be useful to development and application of the CO2 flooding in the oil recovery as wel as CO2 emission reduction.     

超临界CO2流体萃取肉桂油的研究

优选萃取肉桂油的工艺条件,分别采用水蒸汽蒸馏法和SFE—CO2提取肉桂油,进行SFE—CO2萃取肉桂油的正交试验,优选最佳萃取条件。由实验可知,SFE—CO2萃取肉桂油主要成分桂皮醛的得率大于水蒸汽蒸馏法,其最佳萃取条件为：萃取温度45℃,萃取压力20MPa,萃取时间2．5h。应用SFE—CO2萃取肉桂油,萃取率高,操作纯净,是具有相当发展潜力的提取分离方法。     

CO_2混相驱影响因素分析及主控因素筛选

CO_2混相驱是一种可以将导致全球气候变暖的CO_2气体用于大幅度提高原油采收率的环保采油方式。基于多孔介质中CO_2混相驱渗流规律的影响因素很多,针对我国油藏非均质性严重、混相困难等特点,分析影响我国CO_2混相驱的因素,通过数值模拟对孔隙结构、注入速度、储层非均质性、地层压力和初始含油饱和度五个影响因素进行分析,筛选出影响CO_2混相驱混相效果的主控因素,在认识影响CO_2混相效果主控因素的基础上,为油田调整开发方案提供参考。     

红庄CO_2净化处理厂工艺改进

分析了红庄CO2净化处理厂生产中存在的问题,找出了问题的根源,对净化处理厂工艺进行改进,提高了CO2产品质量和产量,保证草舍油田Et油藏CO2提高采收率先导试验顺利进行。