基于离子液体的高酸原油脱酸效果研究

利用咪唑和环烷酸反应生成与原油极性差异大、易于分离的离子液体，脱除原油中的环烷酸。考察了咪唑含量、剂油比、反应时间、反应温度和搅拌速率对高酸原油一级脱酸效果的影响，并在所选的一级脱酸反应条件下，进一步考察了三级逆流萃取的脱酸效果。结果表明，在咪唑质量分数为30％、剂油质量比为0．4、反应时间5min、反应温度30℃、搅拌速率300r／min的条件下，北疆原油的一级脱酸率可达61．5％，酸值较低的蓬莱原油的一级脱酸率可达68．6％，酸值更低的1号和2号调合油一级脱酸率分别达到了70．6％和72．2％。试验所用的四种原油在剂油质量比为0．4时，三级逆流萃取的脱酸率可以提高到75％左右；当剂油质量比增大到0．6时，三级逆流萃取的脱酸率可达到84％以上。     

基于离子液体的高酸原油脱酸效果研究

华东理工大学化学工程联合国家重点实验室利用咪唑和环烷酸反应生成与原油极性差异大、易于分离的离子液体,脱除原油中的环烷酸.考察了咪唑含量、剂油比、反应时间、反应温度和搅拌速率对高酸原油一级脱酸效果的影响,并在所选的一级脱酸反应条件下,进一步考察了三级逆流萃取的脱酸效果。     

基于离子液体的高酸原油脱酸效果研究

华东理工大学化学工程联合国家重点实验室利用咪唑能与环烷酸反应，生成与原油极性差异大、易于分离的离子液体这一原理，脱除原油中的环烷酸。考察了咪唑含量、剂油比、反应时间、反应温度和搅拌速率对高酸原油一级脱酸效果的影响，并在所选的一级脱酸反应条件下，进一步考察了三级逆流萃取的脱酸效果。     

高酸原油热脱酸实验研究

利用自制的实验装置,对非洲某高酸原油（12.02mgKOH/g）进行热脱酸研究。考察了不同的反应时间、反应温度对热脱酸反应的影响。结果表明：热脱酸可有效脱除石油酸。最高脱酸率可以达到100%。热脱酸反应对于温度比时间更加敏感,温度是热脱酸反应的主要影响因素。     

高酸原油溶剂脱酸前后酸分布研究

以蓬莱19-3高酸原油为原料进行溶剂脱酸,对脱酸前后原油进行了实沸点蒸馏,并对原油和各馏分进行性质分析,考察了高酸原油脱酸前后酸分布的变化规律和各馏分的脱酸效果,并对回收环烷酸进行分子量分布研究。     

高酸原油热处理脱酸研究

采用热处理可以有效地脱除高酸原油中的石油酸,考察了热处理温度、时间对高酸原油中石油酸脱除效果的影响。试验结果表明,热处理后原油的脱酸率可以达到80%以上,温度是影响脱酸反应的主要因素。在反应温度为420～440℃时,随着温度的升高,石油酸的脱除率增加较快;当反应温度高于440℃时,原油脱酸率随温度升高增加缓慢。当反应温度低于440℃时,延长反应时间有利于提高脱酸率。在高酸原油热处理脱酸过程中,原油烃分子发生裂化、缩合反应,引起原油的物理化学性质发生变化。     

高酸原油溶剂脱酸工艺研究

文章介绍了采用一种复合溶剂分离及回收高酸原油中环烷酸的工艺技术。实验考察了溶剂组成、反应时间、反应温度、剂油比对原油脱酸效果的影响。试验结果表明,在该脱酸工艺条件下,高酸原油的脱酸率在80％以上,酸值降到0．5mgKOH／g;另外脱酸溶剂经回收可循环使用,并得到环烷酸副产品。     

重质高酸原油酯化脱酸催化剂的研究

 高酸原油的加工是炼油厂面临的一大难题。笔者开发了一种用于高酸原油酯化脱酸的固定床酯化催化剂，使高酸原油中的环烷酸与甲醇反应生成环烷酸甲酯来降低原油的酸值和腐蚀性。结果表明，SnO是催化酯化脱酸催化剂的有效活性组分，适当增大催化剂的孔径可提高原油的酯化脱酸率。该催化剂应用于中海绥中36-1高酸原油，可有效降低原油的酸值，在反应温度300℃、醇/油质量比0.02，体积空速1.0h-1时，可使原油的酸值由2.8mgKOH/g降低到0.34mgKOH/g, 能够满足炼油厂加工的需要。     

高酸原油脱酸工艺技术研究

介绍了一种原油脱酸工艺方法。研究了温度、时间对高酸原油脱酸的影响,脱酸温度大于 260℃,脱酸反应较快。分析了高酸原油脱酸前后馏分酸值的变化,脱酸反应对130℃以上各馏分酸值降低都较多,180℃以上馏分脱酸率在80％以上。     

高酸原油热处理脱酸的研究

考察了不同温度、时间的热处理反应对脱除高酸原油中石油酸的影响。试验结果表明 :热处理是降低原油酸值的有效方法 ,其脱酸率可以达到 80 %以上。温度是脱酸反应的主要影响因素 ,在反应温度为 4 2 0～ 4 4 0℃时石油酸的脱除率随温度升高而增加较快 ;当反应温度高于 4 4 0℃时 ,原油脱酸率随温度升高增加变缓。在低于 4 4 0℃的反应温度下 ,反应时间延长有利于提高脱酸率。在热处理脱酸反应的同时 ,原油烃类分子发生裂化缩合反应 ,引起原油的物理化学性质发生变化。     

Separation and Characterization of Naphthenic Acids Contained in Penglai Crude Oil

Abstract

Naphthenic acids were separated from highly acidic Penglai crude oil by aqueous alkaline solution and analyzed by infrared spectrum (IR) and mass spectrum (MS). According to our results, the solution was composed of ethanolamine, alcohol, and water, the ratio being 0.1:7.9:10. When the solution and crude oil (ratio 0.4:1) were stirred at the speed of 300–400 r/min at 50°C for at least 10 min, more than 70% of the naphthenic acids in the crude oil could be removed. IR and MS results confirmed the presence of diversified naphthenic acids in Penglai crude oil and provided relative content information.     

Process for Separation of Petroleum Acids from Crude Oil

A new technique for separation of petroleum acids from crude oil was proposed. The method relates to processes for treating acidic oils or fractions thereof to reduce or eliminate their acidity by addition of effective amounts of crosslinked polymeric amines such as polypropylene amine and anionic exchange resins having amino-groups. Petroleum acids contained in the mixture can be extracted by a complex solvent. The results indicate that more than 80 % of the petroleum acids are removed and the process does not cause environmental pollution because all the solvents are recovered and reused in the test.     

高酸原油的加工方法研究进展

随着石油资源的日益减少,高酸值原油的产量逐年增加。在加工过程中对设备的腐蚀问题已引起国内外的广泛关注。综述了近年来国内外高酸原油的加工方法,并对碱中和、抽提、吸附、化学转化、加氢、热分解等脱酸方法及其技术路线进行了比较,指出加氢脱酸是较为彻底且无公害的方法,但投资较高;热加工法由于方便可行且成本较低,越来越受到更多的关注。     

原油脱酸方法研究进展

简要介绍了含酸原油的腐蚀机理,综述了国内外原油脱酸的研究进展,叙述了物理脱酸、热脱酸以及化学转化脱酸等方法,并作了简要对比。     

Removing Naphthenic Acids from Diesel Oil by Microwave Irradiation

Microwave technology is introduced for removal of naphthenic acid from diesel oil. The decrease of Zeta-potential of interface and the viscosity of diesel oil are responsible for the acceleration of separation of naphthenic acid with microwave irradiation. It was observed that the separation percentage changed with the dosage of alkali compound solvent, irradiation pressure, irradiation time, irradiation power, settling time, and oil phase-to-solvent phase volume ratio (O/S). The removal rate of naphthenic acid was maximum when the optimum conditions were suggested to be M_p/M_T = 1.5, 0.05 MPa, 6 min, 375 W, 25 min, and O/S = 10, respectively.     

Removing Naphthenic Acids from Diesel Oil by Microwave Irradiation

Abstract

Microwave technology is introduced for removal of naphthenic acid from diesel oil. The decrease of Zeta-potential of interface and the viscosity of diesel oil are responsible for the acceleration of separation of naphthenic acid with microwave irradiation. It was observed that the separation percentage changed with the dosage of alkali compound solvent, irradiation pressure, irradiation time, irradiation power, settling time, and oil phase-to-solvent phase volume ratio (O/S). The removal rate of naphthenic acid was maximum when the optimum conditions were suggested to be M _p /M _T = 1.5, 0.05 MPa, 6 min, 375 W, 25 min, and O/S = 10, respectively.     

蓬莱19-3原油的环烷酸腐蚀研究

采用静态挂片失重法,对蓬莱19-3原油的环烷酸腐蚀性以及其馏分油的腐蚀性进行评价,同时结合惠州炼油现场常减压装置减压塔的填料区域在换剂检修期间的腐蚀调查结果对环烷酸腐蚀进行分析.结果表明,蓬莱19-3原油环烷酸的腐蚀性在260 ～330℃的测试范围内随温度的升高而增加,馏分油腐蚀性随温度升高,在某温度下出现极值.     

功能化的酸性离子液体

围绕着功能化酸性离子液体这一主题,对新型Lewis,Bronsted酸性离子液体、离子液体的酸性测定以及酸性离子液体在异丁烷/丁烯烷基化反应中的应用进行了介绍和评述;提出了由新型酸性离子液体的合成、其酸性的表征及其催化性能的评价3方面有机地构成了研发酸性离子液体参与的工艺技术的良性过程;明确了“功能化”的涵义;展望了酸性离子液体巨大的工业应用前景。     

The Removal of Naphthenic Acids from Beijiang Crude Oil With a Sodium Hydroxide Solution of Ethanol

Abstract

A new method is introduced in this article to separate naphthenic acids from Beijiang highly acidic crude oil with a sodium hydroxide solution of ethanol. The sodium hydroxide solution of ethanol was used as the acid removal reagent by mixing with the crude oil and then allowing the two phases to separate, with the naphthenic acids being extracted from the crude oil. Data indicated that the optimal content of sodium hydroxide in crude oil was 3,000 μg/g and the optimal extraction time was 5 min with the reagent/oil ratio being 0.4:1 (wt/wt). The suitable reaction temperature could be room temperature. The total acid number of the crude oil was lowered from 3.92 to 0.31 mg KOH/g and the acid removal could reach up to 92.1%.     

含酸原油脱酸研究

介绍了原油脱酸技术的研究背景,重点叙述了脱除石油酸分子的羧基和将石油酸整体分离脱酸的两种脱酸路线。脱除石油酸分子的羧基路线包括用催化加氢、非临氢催化以及非临氢热解法;石油酸整体分离脱酸路线包括碱水溶液中和法、胺和季铵溶液的中和法、石灰液中和法、烷氧基胺水溶液中和法以及酯化脱酸法等。并对两种脱酸路线作简要比较,认为脱除石油酸分子的羧基路线中非临氢热解法较简单,投资少,除酸效果较好。