矿区地下管线探测及数据库建设方案

地下管线是矿山基础设施的重要组成部分,采用先进方法对矿区管线进行探测,查明管线现状,获取管线的属性信息和空间信息,利用GIS技术建立管线信息管理系统对矿区管线动态管理具有重要意义。针对矿区地下管线的分布特点,从探测前期准备、探测精度要求、工程质量检查和内业数据处理等方面对矿区地下管线的探测方法进行汇总,从管线数据标准化、管线系统数据库设计及管线信息系统组成等方面探讨利用GIS技术进行矿区地下管线数据库建设和系统开发的思路。     

宝钢管线钢的发展回顾

文章回顾了过去15年间宝钢管线钢的发展.通过对高强度高韧性管线钢、具有抗HIC性能管线钢和大口径输气管线用厚规格的针状铁素体型X70管线钢的研究开发,形成宝钢X系列管线钢的成分和工艺体系.产品质量稳定,已批量应用于西气东输管线工程、忠武输气管线工程、土耳其输气管线工程等国内外重要管线工程.     

近距离近平行管线探测技术及方法应用

随着我国城市建设的飞速发展,城市规划、设计、建设、管理和应急对地下管线信息的需求越来越迫切,而由于各种原因,已有地下管线资料不全、精确度不高、数字化程度较低且资料广泛分布在各管线权属单位和城市档案管理部门,获取和利用地下管线信息十分困难,严重制约了城市建设的发展。因此发展管线探测技术是很有必要的,掌握这些疑难地下管线探测,将会为我国的城市发展提供更加精准的管线基础信息。     

地下金属、非金属管线测量精度及质量控制研究

地下管线又被叫作生命线,因为其联系着基础设施的各个部分,担当重要角色。在应用的过程中,不同的对象所应用的管线材质也不尽相同。比如:钢管、铸铁管、镀锌钢管、预应力钢管混凝土管、塑料管等。如果存在诸多问题,像资料更新不及时、埋设混乱、协调管理能力较弱等,将回给管理、运营带来了很大的不便,因此,相关部分有必要做好地下管线测量管理工作。未避免以上问题,笔者首先分析了地下管线测量的现状和存在的问题,然后阐述了影响地下管线测量精度的因素,提出了提高地下管线测量精度的改善措施,最后论述了地下管线测量质量控制的要点。     

上下重叠、大埋深地下管线探测技术及方法的应用研究

传统的管线探测仪,在管线普查工作中,对埋藏3m～4m范围内的金属管线效果明显。但是由于城市建设的深入,管线埋设越来越深,经常出现上下重叠的情况,传统的管线探测仪不具备对这类大埋深金属管线的探测性能。掌握上下重叠、大埋深地下管线探测技术及方法对城市建设中,提高管线基础数据是很有必要的。     

悬臂桩支护基坑开挖对邻近埋地管线的影响

采用MIDAS GTS软件建立了三维有限元模型,分析开挖深度、桩径、桩心距、管线与桩的距离、管线埋深、土体弹性模量等因素对地埋管线的影响.结果表明:管线水平和竖向位移在基坑角点处约为基坑中部的1/2;管线埋深在基坑深度1/3位置时,水平位移最大,而竖向位移随埋深的增大而减小;当桩径由0.6 m增大到1.2 m时,水平位移变化较小,管线中央竖向位移则减少为原来的1/2;土体弹性模量增大时,管线中间位移明显减小,水平位移约为竖向位移的4倍.      

海底管线管X56 PSL2的研制

 从化学成分设计、冶炼连铸工艺、热轧工艺等方面对海底管线管X56 PSL2进行了研究,并且在衡管进行了海底管线管X56 PSL2的工业试制,满足了油田用户对海底管线管X56 PSL2的需求。实践证明,衡管的工艺方案,满足和适应了油田用户的需要。海底管线管X56 PSL2的研制成功,为衡管生产低碳微合金化高强度管线提供了生产经验,并具有指导作用。     

浅谈地下管线普查工作方法

地下管线普查是近年来受国家重视的一项工作,该项工作是城市规划和管理的必要基础。本文通过几个方面介绍了地下管线普查的流程、阐述了地下管线普查一般进行的范围;地下管线普查的技术准备和资料收集的工作内容;重点介绍了仪器探测在地下管线外业普查过程中的工作方法、探测原则和注意事项,以及地下管线外业探测的质量检查标准和依据;最终形成综合图件提供给相关部门使用。     

深井开采膏体充填管线磨损机理研究

会泽铅锌矿开采深度超过1 000 m,属深井开采。主要采用膏体充填处理采空区,由于长时间膏体料浆摩擦管壁,管线磨损严重甚至磨穿管壁,导致部分浆液外淤,管道卸压会导致堵管事故的发生,堵管次数随着管线的磨蚀呈上升趋势。通过研究发现,影响管线磨损的因素包括固体颗粒粒级组成、形状、浆体的性质、粘度、流速及管材质量等。在充填过程中,通过对提高膏体浓度、增加管线输送阻力和改变尾砂粒级组成等进行分析,结合现场实验,提出了合理解决管线磨损和延长管线寿命的一系列措施,取得了较好的效果。     

Valve Design for Extracting Response Functions from Hydraulic Systems Using Pseudorandom Binary Signals

The analysis of the dynamic response of a pressurized water pipeline system is important for the design and also the integrity monitoring of these systems. An efficient method for summarizing the behavior of a pipeline system is through the determination of their system response functions. These functions can be extracted by injecting a pressure signal with a wide bandwidth that persists over the length of a pipeline system. Unlike electrical and mechanical systems, generating such signals in pressurized water systems is difficult. Valves capable of generating a signal against the system back-pressure often lack the necessary maneuverability to ensure the signal is sharp (and hence with high-frequency content) and the generated transient is often large in amplitude, risking damage to the system. A method for generating a small amplitude transient signal with a wide band of frequencies is desirable. This paper presents the design for a side discharge valve for generating a pseudorandom binary sequence of pressure changes that are of a small magnitude in relation to the steady state head of the pipeline. The pseudorandom pressure sequence is used to provide an estimate of the system response function. The continuous form of the signal allows the amplitude of each individual pulse within the signal to be small while maintaining the same signal bandwidth. The valve has been tested experimentally and was found to provide a good match with the theoretical response of the pipeline. The method provides a practical alternative to frequency sweeping using sinusoidal signals or sharp valve closures for the extraction of the response functions. Once determined, the system response function can be utilized to detect system faults such as leaks and blockages.     

Optimal Design of Pressurized Irrigation Subunit

A linear programming (LP) model is presented for optimal design of the pressurized irrigation system subunit. The objective function of the LP is to minimize the equivalent annual fixed cost of pipe network of the irrigation system and its annual operating energy cost. The hydraulic characteristics in the irrigation subunit are ensured by using the length, energy conservation, and pressure head constraints. The input data are the system layout, segment-wise cost and hydraulic gradients in all the alternative pipe diameters, and energy cost per unit head of pumping water through the pipeline network. The output data are: segment-wise lengths of different diameters, operating inlet pressure head, and equivalent annual cost of the pipeline network. The explicit optimal design is demonstrated with design examples on lateral and submain or manifold of pressurized irrigation systems. The effect of the equations for friction head loss calculation on optimization procedure is investigated through the design example for microirrigation manifold. The performance evaluation of the proposed model in comparison with the analytical methods, graphical methods, numerical solutions, and dynamic programming optimization model reveals the good performance of the proposed model. The verification of operating inlet pressure head obtained by the proposed model with accurate numerical step-by-step method suggested that it is mostly accurate.     

某红土镍矿长距离矿浆管道输送工程的浓度方案研究

本文对某红土镍矿长距离矿浆管道输送工程的小型静态试验和半工业性矿浆环管试验进行了简要叙述,同时分析了红土镍矿的浆体特性,确定了长距离矿浆管道紊流输送的设计原则,并结合工艺条件和管线地形,对该长距离矿浆管道输送系统的工艺方案进行技术经济分析,确定了管道输送浓度.本文为红土镍矿长距离矿浆管道输送工程矿浆重量浓度的研究提供参考.     

迁钢2160mm超快冷工艺下X70管线钢减量化工艺研究及应用

针对14.2 mm X70管线钢,采用超快冷工艺方法,研究了节约型成分设计条件下,轧后冷却制度对14.2 mm X70管线钢显微组织及力学性能的影响。研究表明,在降低Nb 20%~30%情况下,利用轧后超快冷能够获得理想的X70显微组织及力学性能,并获得了14.2 mm X70合理的减量化轧制工艺。工业化大批量生产实践表明,超快冷下减量化14.2 mm X70管线钢力学性能良好稳定,很好地满足了生产需求。     

管线钢中厚板X60的研制开发

为了满足稳步增长的管线钢市场需求,酒钢在研制开发9．53minX60管线钢中厚板的过程中,对其成分采取了低碳、高锰、微合金化元素的设计,在冶炼和轧制中采用精心设计的工艺制度,确保了实物质量。开发结果表明,酒钢生产的X60管线钢中厚板的性能达到了标准和用户的要求。     

铜尾矿流变特性与管道输送阻力计算

流变参数是管道输送系统设计的基础,采用RST-SST型软固体流变仪进行尾矿浆体流变特性试验,确定了不同固相质量分数下尾矿浆体的屈服应力、黏度系数.当浆体固相质量分数大于70%后,屈服应力会随着固相含量的增加而显著上升.对矿浆进行剪切变稀试验发现,屈服应力可下降40.9%.针对不同尾矿浆体开展标准坍落度试验,当固相质量分数小于74%时,尾矿浆具有良好的流动性及较大的坍落度.利用得到的尾矿浆体的流变特性参数,进行了临界流速、摩阻损失的计算,为尾矿管道输送系统设计提供参考.      

Hydraulic Analysis and Optimum Design of Multidiameter Irrigation Laterals

A new analytical continuous-uniform outflow approach that takes into account the effect of the number of outlets on the multidiameter lateral hydraulics is presented. The pressure head profile along the multidiameter pipeline is described by a simple analytical function providing direct calculation of the outlet pressure head along the pipeline. The method is significantly improved by introducing an adjusted spatially variable outflow equation—of power function form—for the errors caused by the assumption of equal outlet discharge. The effect of ground slope on hydraulic computation is also considered. Simple equations are derived for the direct calculation of the maximum, minimum, and inlet pressure head along the multidiameter pipeline. The optimum design problem for two-diameter laterals is also solved analytically. For specified total length of a two-diameter pipeline, a simple algebraic equation is derived to calculate directly the appropriate lengths of the reaches of different diameters in such a way that the total cost of the pipeline is minimized. Comparison tests with an accurate numerical stepwise method indicate that the proposed analytical approach is sufficiently accurate.     

阿尔及利亚南部某市供水工程设计

阿尔及利亚南部城市某供水工程输水管道横跨撒哈拉沙漠737 km,经过路线地形复杂。管道流态包含重力流和压力流,同时具有长距离、大流量、高扬程的特点。本文介绍了该供水工程中的管道设计,对输水管线进行了正常状态和过渡状态水力计算,有效地保证了供水系统的安全性及可靠性。     

水煤浆的非稳定管道输送特性

本文试验研究了水煤浆在管道输送过程中的非稳定流动特性，包括突然启动特性、缓慢启动特性及流量突然变化时的输送特性，并试验研究了水煤浆在管道内的滞留时间对启动压力的影响，为实际水煤浆管道输送系统的工程设计提供了设计参数。     

住宅小区室外供热管道改造设计及技术措施

在小区室外供热管道改造工程中,因设计与安装都存在着某些不合理,造成竣工后不能正常供热。在工作实践中总结了室外供热管道改造设计与安装中所采取技术措施。