真空泵用定子永磁型与转子永磁型电机热性能对比

针对真空泵用驱动电机在额定运行过程中转子热膨胀积累导致轴承抱死的工程问题,根据实际真空泵驱动工况要求,设计了1台磁通切换永磁同步电机(FSPMSM)。利用有限元软件,分析对比了具有相同技术要求的FSPMSM,表贴式永磁同步电机(SPMSM)和内置式永磁同步电机(IPMSM)的电磁场、温度场及热应力场。综合分析了上述3种电机的性能差异,研究表明:FSPMSM的转子温升、轴承热形变等均优于2台转子永磁型电机。验证了FSPMSM相比于传统转子永磁型电机能更好地减小运行时的转子损耗与温升,为永磁电机拓扑结构的选择和新产品研发提供了科学的参考依据。     

全功率直驱永磁风力发电机组试验台的研究

直驱型风力发电机组性能优越、运行可靠、维护简便.对采用的低速永磁电机矢量控制调速系统模拟直驱型风机的风轮运行特性进行了理论分析,提出大功率永磁同步发电机组交流传动系统仿真实际直驱永磁风力发电机组的技术方案,并设计和建立全功率直驱永磁风力发电机组的电气试验台.在试验台上对2 MW直驱永磁风力发电机组的电气系统进行了风机功率输出特性和模拟风况的运行性能的试验.     

A novel permanent magnet motor with doubly salient structure

A new type of doubly salient machine is presented in which the field excitation is provided by nonrotating permanent magnets. This doubly salient permanent magnet (DSPM) motor is shown to be kindred to square waveform permanent magnet brushless DC motors. Linear and nonlinear analyses are made to investigate the characteristics of this new type of PM motor. A prototype DSPM motor is designed and comparisons made between this new type of motor and the induction motor. It is shown that by fully exploiting modern high energy PM material and the doubly salient structure, the DSPM motor can offer superior performance over existing motors in terms of efficiency, torque density, torque-to-current ratio, torque-to-inertia ratio etc., while retaining a simple structure amenable to automated manufacture     

真空干泵驱动用电机转子热问题对比分析

针对真空干泵驱动用电机运行过程中转子热量不易散出,使热量通过转轴传导至轴承引起轴承抱死的问题,以3.0 kW驱动电机为例,分别设计了异步电机(IM)、永磁同步电机(PMSM)和双凸极永磁电机(DSPM)3种方案。在保证3种电机外形尺寸、功率等级和额定转速相同的前提下确定了结构和电磁方案。同时,基于相同的冷却条件分别对3种电机关键部件进行了温度场和应力场仿真。分析结果表明,在额定运行时双凸极永磁电机的转子温升更低,其轴承热形变量最小,能够有效降低电机运行中轴承抱死的风险,更有利于真空干泵机组的长时间稳定运行。     

磁极组合型无铁心永磁直驱风力发电机转子结构设计

Halbach阵列用在电机上有很多好处,但却造成成本上升,研究了一种适用于无铁心永磁直驱风力发电机的径向磁场磁极组合型Halbach阵列,阐述了该新型磁极的结构与优点。借助二维有限元分析方法,找到了利于实现Halbach阵列单边磁屏蔽能力磁极组合方式,并且优化了软磁材料的尺寸,确定了电机的极弧系数。与常规Halbach阵列相比,优化后的组合磁极型电机在保证一定气隙磁密的基础上,减少了永磁体用量,降低了电机成本。     

Power Transmission to Synchronous Machines for Adjustable-Speed Pump and Compressor Drive Systems

The adjustable-speed synchronous motor drive system uses static power conversion technology and hardware which has been proven by millions of kilowatts of installed capacity in dc motor drives and dc transmission systems. The application of dc power conversion technology to transmit power to a synchronous machine provides unique operating characteristics of the drive system with respect to pump and compressor applications. Alternative drive system configurations are presented with the benefits relative to performance and reliability.     

一种PMSG的近似UPF控制方法研究

永磁同步发电机目前在各种驱动系统中的应用越来越多,采用单位功率因数控制方法对PMSG进行控制,可以降低变流器的功率等级,但是常规的UPF控制实现比较复杂.采用一种近似UPF控制方法,在电机参数满足一定假设条件的情况下,对PMSG的UPF控制方法进行简化,并将这种方法应用于永磁直驱风电实验系统中.仿真和实验结果证实了所采用的PMSG近似UPF控制策略的有效性.表明所提出的近似UPF控制策略可以基本实现永磁直驱风电系统PMSG的单位功率因数控制,获得良好的控制效果.     

基于矢量控制的工业缝纫机用低成本永磁同步电动机驱动系统

给出一种低成本工业缝纫机用永磁同步电动机(PMSM)驱动系统方案。首先通过改进永磁同步电动机的结构,简化了加工工艺,同时采用简易的光电编码器作为位置传感器,选用新型器件设计了低成本高性能的驱动控制器硬件系统。基于矢量控制技术,进行了驱动控制系统的软件设计。采用PID控制策略,实现驱动系统的加速、减速、调速及准确定位等控制功能。所设计的系统满足工业缝纫机的性能需求,动态响应良好,而且降低了驱动系统的成本。实验表明系统方案可行。     

Modeling and Design Optimization Of Permanent Magnet Motors

ABSTRACT

Variable-speed permanent (PM) magnet motors are being used in an ever-increasing range of industrial and commercial applications. The objective of this paper is to provide a basis for optimizing the design of such permanent magnet motors and, through this, to provide insight into a comparison of PM motors with other types of drive motor. First, design models are presented for the approximate analysis of torque capability, losses, thermal characteristics, magnet protection and power factor control. These models are then used in an optimization program using sequential unconstrained minimization techniques to produce designs for a wide range of motor torque ratings. In order to examine the potential for large PM motor drives, the design criterion chosen for emphasis in optimization is the minimum total lifetime cost, including the cost of losses. The high efficiency and good power-to-weight ratio of the optimized PM motors leads to a total present value cost which is expected to be significantly lower than achieved with induction motors.     

Machine parameters and performance of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors with different permanent magnet volume

Permanent magnet synchronous motors are widely used for several industrial applications. Some applications such as electric vehicles and compressor drives require a constant power operation. The operating limits and the constant power speed range deeply depend on the machine parameters. The relationships between the motor parameters and the operating performance have been theoretically examined. This paper examines the performances of the prototype synchronous motors, where the stator structure and the rotor structure of all motors are the same. The permanent magnets are inserted into the rotor slits and the volume of the permanent magnet is adjusted to control the magnet‐flux linkage. The effects of adding the magnet to the rotor on the machine parameters and the operating performance are examined based on the various experimental results. The prototype motor has flexibility as to speed versus power performance by adjusting the volume of the permanent magnet. The theoretical results with respect to the operating limits and the motor parameters are also confirmed experimentally. © 2000 Scripta Technica, Electr Eng Jpn, 131(4): 70–77, 2000     

COMBINED FINITE ELEMENT AND ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR ROTOR DESIGN OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS

ABSTRACT

While design procedures for conventional induction and synchronous machines are now mature and constrained by frame sizes and standards, there are opportunities to use modem CAD techniques to exploit the unique capabilities and characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). This paper presents a design methodology involving the use of an analytical model based on generalized machine theory, complemented by finite element analysis. The synergistic interaction of these two methods allows an engineer to design a PMSM to specific requirements with confidence. The effects of machine airgap and of the span angle and thickness of the permanent magnets are evaluated. A set of design specifications and a goodness function are established to select the preferred rotor geometry for a 30 hp prototype permanent magnet synchronous motor.     

真空干泵用两种驱动电机热特性对比分析

真空干泵驱动电机散热困难,需要严格控制其的温升,进而保证系统的长时间运行。以30 kW驱动电机为研究对象,设计了一台异步电机和一台18/12极双凸极永磁电机。两种电机的外形尺寸和功率等级等条件相同。同时,两种电机的冷却方式均采用机壳通有螺旋水道的水冷,分别对两种电机进行了温度场分析。分析结果表明,在额定运行时双凸极永磁电机具有更低的整体温升,更加适用于真空干泵机组。     

基于ANSYS的电梯驱动用永磁同步电机磁场有限元分析

针对传统采用交流异步电动机的电梯变频调速电气拖动系统存在需齿轮减速机构、结构复杂、成本高和效率低等缺点,该文分析了一种10.7 kW电梯驱动专用稀土永磁同步电机.采用Ansys软件建立了电梯驱动用永磁同步电机有限元结构模型,计算了电机内部磁场分布规律.通过有限元分析计算,得到了电机绕组磁通、空载感应电动势和电磁转矩等电磁特性,分析计算结果与给定性能指标较接近.     

真空干泵用磁通切换永磁同步电机温度场仿真分析

针对真空干泵驱动用电机在极端真空环境下工作时发热严重的问题,以一台4.5 kW磁通切换永磁同步电机(FSPMSM)为研究对象,分析了其冷却结构,并进行了温度场仿真计算。通过有限元软件建立FSPMSM三维温度场仿真计算模型,设定边界条件和热源激励,得到电机内部各部件的温度分布情况,并分析了水道截面直径、水道圈数对电机温度变化的影响。与一台技术要求相同的永磁同步电机(PMSM)在同等冷却条件下进行温度场对比分析,结果表明本电机设计合理。相比于真空干泵常用的传统PMSM,本电机能更好地减少损耗并降低温升,为开发真空干泵用FSPMSM新产品提供了一定的参考。     

双凸极永磁电机故障分析与容错控制策略

电机驱动系统的可靠性问题在实际应用中得到了相关领域学者越来越广泛地关注.在对容错电机的基本结构特点进行分析的基础上,针对现有容错电机的不足,对双凸极永磁(DSPM)电机的容错性能进行了研究.DSPM电机克服了开关磁阻电机和转子永磁型容错电机的各自不足,具有可靠性高和功率密度高等优点.为提高DSPM电机缺相运行特性,提出了一种容错控制策略,建立了DSPM电机驱动系统的联合仿真模型,并将其应用于容错性能分析.仿真和实验结果表明,DSPM电机是一种新型容错电机,具有较强的带故障运行能力.本文为新型定子永磁型容错电机的研究打下了基础.     

基于高频电压信号注入凸极PMSM无传感器控制的仿真研究

永磁同步电机以其体积小、效率高、可靠性好以及对环境的适应性强等诸多优点,在各种高性能驱动系统中得到广泛应用.无传感器永磁同步电机控制技术具有成本低、体积小,可靠性高等优点,是当前永磁同步电机控制技术领域的研究热点之一.该文对基于高频信号注入法进行永磁同步电机无传感器控制技术的基本原理进行论述,并采用滤波方法得到转子位置...     

Wide-speed operation of interior permanent magnet synchronousmotors with high-performance current regulator

Interior permanent magnet synchronous motors can be applied to applications requiring wide-speed operation. The current vector control algorithm of an interior permanent magnet synchronous (IPM) motor for constant power operation over the base speed is proposed. As the available voltage controlling the armature current vector is small in the flux-weakening constant power region, the current vector sometimes becomes uncontrollable in transient operations because of the current regulator saturation. The high-performance current regulator is also proposed to improve the current responses in the flux-weakening region, which includes the decoupling current controller and the voltage command compensator. The control performances are confirmed by several drive tests with respect to the prototype IPM motor     

无轴承永磁同步电动机的原理及实现

无轴承永磁同步电动机是将无轴承技术运用到永磁同步电动机上的新型无轴承电动机.本文阐述了永磁同步电动机无轴承技术的工作原理,设计和实现了该电动机基于LF2407A数字控制的硬件实验平台和软件系统.通过对整个无轴承永磁同步电动机系统的实验调试,成功实现了无轴承永磁同步电动机转轴的稳定悬浮.     

真空泵用反凸极永磁同步电机设计与性能分析

针对真空泵用驱动电机运行过程中存在转子温度高、散热难的问题,根据真空泵驱动工况的实际要求,设计了一台反凸极永磁同步电机和一台常规永磁同步电机。首先,利用有限元软件,分析了转子磁障尺寸对电机转矩的影响以及磁障层数对电感的影响,从而得出了转子磁障尺寸和磁障层数的合适值;其次,对两台电机的气隙磁密波形、空载反电动势和损耗等电磁性能进行了对比分析;最后,通过仿真对比分析了两台电机的温度场以及两者转子和转轴处的温升。结果表明,相比于常规永磁同步电机,反凸极永磁同步电机的转矩性能更好、转子损耗和转子温升更小,为新产品研发提供了科学的参考依据。     

新型混合励磁双凸极永磁电机磁场调节特性分析及实验研究

提出一种新型带导磁桥的混合励磁双凸极电机,介绍电机的结构特点和磁场调节原理。采用简化等效磁路模型对气隙磁通调节范围、电励磁绕组的励磁磁势和并联导磁桥磁阻三者之间的关系进行分析,用有限元法获得样机磁场分布和磁场调节特性,设计制造了实验样机。样机实验结果不仅验证了理论分析的正确性,并表明：通过改变电励磁绕组电流的大小和方向,实现了电机内气隙磁场灵活调节与控制,有效解决了双凸极永磁电机难以实现电机气隙磁场调节的不足,在电动汽车等需宽调速直接驱动的场合具有应用前景。