新型高铬铸铁金相组织研究

通过不同的退火工艺对高铬铸铁进行处理,用金相显微镜和TEM观察不同热处理条件下的金相组织,并与高铬铸铁的铸态组织进行对比分析,以了解高铬铸铁的微观结构。实验结果表明,高铬铸铁经退火后沿晶界分布的共晶碳化物减少,基体中的碳化物增多,呈颗粒状均匀分布。     

高铬白口铸铁的强化原则

论述了化学成分和热处理工艺对高铬白口铸铁碳化物形貌与分布,以及基体组织的影响,介绍了根据不同铸件进行化学成分的设计原则。     

重熔对高铬白口铸铁遗传性的影响

采取重熔的工艺措施并在第二次重熔时进行保温处理，研究高铬白口铸铁中碳化物的遗传性并对高铬白口铸铁的力学性能进行测试．结果表明：高铬白口铸铁中的碳化物经过重熔仍存在明显的遗传现象；随着重熔次数的增加，碳化物组织遗传效应减弱，力学性能下降；保温处理可以改善碳化物的组织遗传性；过长的保温时间导致碳化物变得粗大，高铬白口铸铁的力学性能下降．     

热处理改善锰硼白口铸铁碳化物形态与分布的研究

本文研究了退火,阶梯升温退火,循环退火和沸水淬火加高温回火等热处理工艺对改善锰硼白口铸铁碳化物形态与分布及机械性能的影响。试验结果表明:热处理可改变锰硼白口铸铁碳化物的形态与分布,其效果与热处理工艺参数及碳化物形态等密切有关。     

稀土镁对高铬铸铁变质效果的研究

为了研究RE—Mg对Cr15Mo3高铬铸铁铸态及热处理态组织、冲击韧性、硬度、耐磨性等性能的影响规律,提出RE—Mg变质处理工艺的改进方案,通过对比实验的方法,验证了改进方案的可行性．结果表明：铸态未变质的高铬铸铁组织中,奥氏体含量大,碳化物呈粗大网状分布,基体被撕裂;变质后碳化物的网断裂,变细成为鱼骨状,对基体的割裂作用大大减小,基体的连续程度增加．RE—Mg变质处理可使Cr15Mo3高铬铸铁的硬度、冲击韧性、耐磨性都得到提高．本实验条件下,当变质剂加入量WRE-Mg=1．5％时变质效果最好,材料的综合性能最佳．     

稀土白口铸铁的研究

研究了稀土变质处理对普通白口铸铁、低铬白口铸铁和高铬白口铸铁凝固过程、金相组织和机械性能的影响。经稀土变质处理后的白口铸铁在凝固过程中的过冷度增大,细化了初生奥氏体枝晶和改善了碳化物的形态,同时白口铸铁性能在不同程度上得到了提高。     

悬浮铸造对高铬白口铸铁组织和性能的影响

研究采用66%Cr-Fe合金作为悬浮剂，通过大量的实验，研究了悬浮铸造对高铬白口铸铁显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明，适量的加入悬浮剂，可以明显的改变高铬白口铸铁的组织，使原来连续网状的碳化物变为细小均匀的粒状碳化物，冲击韧性提高约20%-30%，抗磨性能提高20%。     

稀土变质剂对高铬铸铁锤头组织和耐磨性能的影响

探讨在相同试验条件下,稀土变质剂加入量对高铬铸铁锤头组织、硬度和耐磨性的影响。结果表明,加入稀土变质剂能细化组织,铸态锤头的碳化物由鱼骨状转变为块状,热处理态锤头的碳化物由条状转变为颗粒状。加入稀土变质剂能提高锤头的硬度和耐磨性,当加入量高于0.3％（质量分数）时硬度和耐磨性提高的程度减小。     

高铬镍合金白口铸铁热疲劳断裂过程的动态观察

用ＨＭ－１００型高温金相显微镜,通过模拟热疲劳的实验方法,动态观察了高铬镍合金白口铸铁热疲劳裂纹的萌生及扩展过程。实验表明：组织为奥氏体加Ｍ２３Ｃ６型碳化物的高铬镍合金白口铸铁热疲劳裂纹主要沿晶界萌生扩展,热疲劳断口为混合型断口。增加含碳量则降低高铬镍合金白口铸铁的热疲劳抗力。     

钨合金白口铸铁共晶碳化物团球化工艺的研究和应用

针对钨合金白口铸铁脆性大,使用范围窄,研究了碱金属元素Ｋ、Ｎａ对其组织的性能的影响。结果表明,钨合金白口铸铁经Ｋ、Ｎａ变质处理后,共晶碳化物由网状分布变成团球状分布,碳化物明显细化和分布均匀分布,分析了碳化物团球化机理,碳化物形态的改善导致钨合金铸针的冲击韧工和抗击磨损性能明显提高。     

Semi-solid casting of high speed steel ingots using inclined slope pre-crystallization method

Semi-solid casting of M2 high speed steel ingots was investigated by inclined slope pre-crystallization method. Effects of casting temperature and slope length on the microstructure of M2 HSS ingots were investigated. M2 cast ingots of non-dendritic primary austenite and fine eutectic ledeburite network carbide structure were obtained, with the casting temperature, slope length and angle of 1480 °C, 500 mm and 60° respectively. Meanwhile, the microstructure of cast samples was quantitatively assessed by Image tool software. Results show that optimum mean equivalent diameter of primary austenite crystal grain is 50.8 μm, shape factor is 0.83, and mean thickness of network carbide is 5.21 μm.     

The structural evolutions of ZL109 alloy and 7050 alloy in the semisolid squeeze casting process

The structure evolutions of ZL109 alloy and 7050 alloy were studied in the processes of preparing raw billets by low super heat casting, remelting the raw billets, semisolid forming and heat treating components. The thin and symmetrical structure was obtained by using low super heat casting process. The eutectic that lied in the raw billet of ZL109 alloy remelted and produced liquid phase in the process of remelting, but to the 7050 alloy, the eutectic of intergranular and the pointedness of grains was remelted to make the grains more uniform and smooth. In the process of semisolid forming, the primary α and the eutectic inside the ZL109 alloy were separated partly and the grains in the 7050 alloy was conglutinated together. After heat treatment, the eutectic α grains of ZL109 traveled to primary α and shaped the white fishing net like organization; the eutectic Si grains assembled into the black massive particles. As to 7050, after heat treatment, α particles recrystallized and thin grains pattern was obtained.     

Synthesis of Titanium Carbide Particle in Laser Melted-pool in situ

The titanium carbide phase was synthesized in laser melted-pool in situ as the reinforced particles of nickel based composite coating on Ti-6 Al-4 V alloy surface using the nickel and graphite blending powder by laser cladding. The microstructure investigation showed that the petals-shaped particles and granular particles were two main morphology of titanium carbide particles. And a few spiral-shaped titanium carbide pattern and eutectic titanium carbide appeared on the cross-sections of the coating. The spiral-shaped titanium carbide pattern composed of some slender arc-shape titanium carbide particles and the eutectic titanium carbide was fine. The morphology and distribution of the spiral-shaped titanium carbide patterns and eutectic titanium carbide confirmed that their growth mechanism was the dissolution-precipitation mechanism and was affected by the convection behavior of the laser melted pool. The spiral-shaped titanium carbide pattern would precipitate out the high-temperature melts under high-speed convection. The eutectic titanium carbide would precipitate out when the melts stopped convection or dropped to eutectic temperature.     

用熔剂法改善铸造铝硅合金组织和性能

本文介绍用XF－5型熔剂改善铸造铝硅合金组织和性能的试验研究结果，获得了硅晶体呈细小颗粒状、α相细化且均匀分布以及化合物相被打碎且弥散分布的铸态最佳组织，并显著减少合金气缩松倾向，增加合金流动性，有效地除气、除渣，从而使合金性能得到明显提高，铸件合格率上升。     

压铸ZA—35合金的研究

试验研究了压铸ＺＡ－３５合金的组织与性能。结果表明，变质处理改善了组织形态。热处理使过饱和相发生分解，从而获得强塑性，耐磨性均较好的压铸ＺＡ－３５合金。     

热处理对锻造铅黄铜组织和性能的影响

研究了退火温度对锻造铅黄铜组织和力学性能的影响.对铸造成型的商用铅黄铜进行720℃、60%变形量的锻造镦粗加工后,采用500~700℃不同温度的热处理工艺处理.结果表明：铅黄铜的铸态组织为粗大的树枝晶,锻造后的晶粒被拉长,与铸态的硬度值相比,锻造后的硬度明显增加,产生明显的加工硬化现象;锻造铅黄铜经过热处理后,细长的晶粒明显变短,随着退火温度的升高,晶粒逐渐细小、均匀化,并且发生再结晶,拉长的晶粒逐渐变为等轴晶.620℃、640℃退火后,铅黄铜的组织基本转变为细小、均匀的等轴晶,退火温度超过640℃时,随着温度的升高,晶粒长大.不同温度退火处理后,随着退火温度的升高,硬度逐渐降低,620℃退火后硬度趋于稳定,加工硬化消除.铅黄铜经720℃、60%变形锻造后,合适的退火温度为620~640℃.     

The Structural Evolutions of ZL109 Alloy and 7050 Alloy in the Semisolid Squeeze Casting Process

The structure evolutions of ZL109 alloy and 7050 alloy were studied in the processes of preparing raw billets by low super heat casting, remelting the raw billets, semisolid forming and heat treating components. The thin and symmetrical structure was obtained by using low super heat casting process. The eutectic that lied in the raw billet of ZL109 alloy remelted and produced liquid phase in the process of remelting, but to the 7050 alloy, the eutectic of intergranular and the pointedness of grains was reme...     

高碳28%Cr铸铁离心铸管的组织及性能

研究了高碳过共晶２８％Ｃｒ铸铁离心铸造直管的组织特点及磨料磨损特性．结果表明，在离心力的作用下，过共晶碳化物易向管壁内侧偏析，从而形成具有高强度的共晶组织外层及高耐磨性的过共晶组织内层．两层性能各异的组织适合耐磨直管的性能要求．     

Influences of copper on solidification structure and hardening behavior of high chromium cast irons

The influences of copper on microstructure and the hardening behavior of high chromium cast irons subjected to sub-critical treatment were investigated. The results show that the microstructure of the as-cast high chromium cast irons consists of retained austenite, martensite and M1C3 type eutectic carbide. When copper is added into high chromium cast irons, austenite and carbide contents are increased. The increased addition of copper content from 0% to 1.84% leads to the increase of austenite and carbide from 15.9% and 20. 0% to 61.0% and 35.5% , respectively. In the process of sub-critical treatment, the retained austenite in the matrix can be precipitated into secondary carbides and then transforms into martensite in cooling process, which causes the secondary hardening of the alloy under sub-critical treatment. High chromium cast irons containing copper in sub-critical treatment appear the second hardening curve peak due to the precipitation of copper from supersaturated matrix.