Comments on "An approach for modeling noncancer dose responses with an emphasis on uncertainty" and "A probabilistic framework for the Reference Dose (probabilistic RfD)"

Common bile duct (CBD) surgery sometimes demands performing 'a la Roux' hepaticojejunal anastomosis. This kind of stoma is technically easy to perform on a biliary stump of sufficient width (> 8 mm), sufficient length (> 0.5 cm) and with a resilient wall so that stitches will not cut off. In some cases, however, the anatomical conditions are poor: short or thin biliary stump. This situation is especially encountered in iatrogenic lesions of the main biliary channel, but it can infrequently be found in some malignant lesions of the CBD. The authors present their procedure of hepaticojejunal anastomosis without suture, which is adequate for the treatment of benign or even malignant stenosis of the CBD. The method realizes anastomosis of the segments without using sutures by simply keeping them in apposition with continuous traction exerted via a Foley-type balloon catheter which stents the anastomosis in an axial manner. The balloon is then inflated and traction is exerted on the catheter, enabling the two segments of the anastomosis to remain in place until complete healing (10 days average). We performed the procedure in 7 cases: 4 for neoplastic stenosis, and 3 for an accidental lesion of the CBD. There was no perioperative morbidity and 1 fatal outcome. The results prompt further evaluation of the method.     

"职务名词+的+指人名词"结构的多义性

"职务名词+的+指人名词"结构是个多义结构,它既可以表示领属关系,又可以表示修饰关系.本文从指人名词的小类入手,指出该结构在表示不同关系上的规律和歧义分化的办法,并从认知角度解释了该结构歧义产生的原因,最后指出同为指人名词在指人性质的强弱上是有区别的.     

"How anti-gay bias compromised a treatment: A commentary on Meissner (2006)": Reply.

Responds to the comments made by Michael C. Singer (see record 2008-00996-012) on the current author's original article, "Time on my hands: The dilemma of the chronically late patient" (see record 2006-20697-003). The current author states "I am grateful to Dr. Singer for his interest and stringent criticism. However, in reading his commentary I had the odd feeling that I was being caustically attacked for views expressed in an article I did not write. However, perhaps the deficiency is mine in that my expression failed to achieve an adequate level of clarity and precision." The author regrets that he could not write an article to suit Dr. Singer's tastes, and that in the article he did write there were unavoidable gaps and deficiencies in the material because of the time constraints and distortions in the analysis. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Stimulus Selection in Eyelid Conditioning in the Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)": Erratum.

Reports an error in the original article by Perry S. Kinkaide (Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 1974[Jun], 86[6], 1132-1140). The lower portion of Figure 3 on page 1138 should have represented the last two conditions for Group T as Test AV and reTest AV. The last sentence of the caption should have been deleted. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1979-05368-001) Conducted 2 experiments, using a total of 24 female New Zealand white rabbits, in which a "visual" stimulus (V), either flashes or electrical stimulation of the optic chiasma, was reinforced in compound with a differentially reinforced (CS+) or nonreinforced (CS-) nonvisual stimulus. Visual stimulus control of conditioned eyeblink activity was acquired if V was reinforced in compound with CS- but was "blocked" when reinforced in compound with CS+. Both effects were demonstrable within Ss and were independent of the method of visual stimulation. Extinction and backward conditioning of chiasmic stimulation preceded retraining of 6 Ss. The establishment and blocking of visual stimulus control were again evident within Ss. The data are interpretable in terms of either attentional or associative theory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Evaluation of a dutch educational "Driving While Intoxicated (DWI)" prevention program for driving schools

A DWI prevention program for driving schools consisting of a videotape, slides, a textbook, and a manual was developed and evaluated. Effects of the program on knowledge, attitude, behavior intention, and self-reported DWI behavior were measured by means of a pretest, posttest, one-year follow-up evaluation design. Two-hundred and eight driving school students followed the program and participated in all three measurements. A control group of 228 pupils followed a traditional curriculum without the DWI program and also participated in all three measurements. Principal findings were that knowledge improved, attitudes and behavior intentions were already positive at pretest, DWI was equally reported by both groups, and there was a positive effect on riding with an intoxicated driver.     

Analysis of the fundamental characteristics of the process of densification of sintered materials

Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 2(326), pp. 9–12, February, 1990.     

组合柔性结构的结构特征对其变形特性的影响

对柔性铰链与杆组成的组合柔性结构的结构特征进行了研究,认为柔性铰链与杆二者的厚度比、长度比是影响组合柔性结构变形特性的两个特征参数.以一组不同结构尺寸的组合柔性结构为例,分别采用有限元法与伪刚体模型法对其变形进行对比,分析了组合柔性结构的厚度比、长度比对其变形特性的影响;根据特征参数不同取值对组合柔性结构变形特性的影响结果,对组合柔性结构进行了分类.     

H指数评价法学期刊实证研究——基于《中国学术期刊综合引证报告(2008版)》的数据分析

首先对H指数的概念和特点作简要介绍,根据<中国学术期刊综合引证报告(2008版)>提供的数据统计分析我国法学期刊中H指数的应用情况,结合法学期刊的学科特点,研究H指数评价期刊质量的优势和不足,并为完善期刊质量评价体系提出建议.     

Biological characteristics of miniature "Shiba" goats (author's transl)

Practical informations of miniature "Shiba" goats, that have since long been bred for meat consumption in Kyushu District of Japan, were provided for using as laboratory animals. Nine years ago, some pairs of the goats, were introduced to Stock Farm of Tokyo University from a National Institute. Thereafter, they were successfully bred and increased in number and were distributed to many laboratories for researchers. The "Shiba" goat is white coloured, horned, and much smaller in size while sharing common characteristics with full size goats. The handling is much easier with less amount of food consumption. The body weight are 24 to 28 kg and 15 to 22 kg in males and females, respectively. They are obedient and have a strong resistance to diseases, including cerebral nematodiasis. The productive characteristics are as follows: 1) Continuous breeder, 2) Age at the first parturition: 13 months, 3) Gestation period: 5 months, 4) Litter size: 1.84, 5) Rate of raising: nearly all, 6) Delivery interval: 8 months, 7) No intersexality. Hematological data were also demonstrated.     

Amae in Japan and the United States: An exploration of a "culturally unique" emotion.

The experience of an emotion considered to be culturally unique (i.e., Japanese Amae) was tested in the United States, where there is no word to describe the concept. North American and Japanese participants read scenarios in which a friend made an inappropriate request (Amae), made no request, or made the request to another friend. Both American and Japanese participants felt more positive emotion and perceived the requester as feeling closer to them in the Amae condition than in the other two conditions. However, Americans felt more in control when asked for a favor than when not asked, a pattern that did not emerge among the Japanese. Cultural specificity of hypocognized emotions is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

An analysis of telephone health counseling for Japanese employees and their families abroad, "Japan health Care Line (overseas)"

In the past 6 years, the "Japan Health Care Line" has accumulated over 2,000 cases of telephone counseling calls, mainly on health problems, by Japanese living abroad on business, and their families, in 55 countries. The characteristics of these Japanese from medical aspects (physical and psychological), life style, and education were determined; and factors that influence their life abroad as well as some of their problems were analyzed. The role that telephone counseling can play in alleviating their anxiety, in helping them adapt, and in maintaining their health was also examined. The clients were Japanese employees and their families whose health insurance associations had joined this service. Data were recorded on a card for 14 items-the caller, the person needing the advice, age, sex, area of residence, length of stay, hour of call, number of calls etc. The data and main complaints were categorized in three ways: 1) by medical fields for business reports; 2) by coding the complaints; and 3) by the ICD-10 classification. Of the callers, 80% were in their 20's and 30's, meanwhile, as to the persons who need the advice, 30% of them were under 10, and 30% were in their 30's. There were many cases in obstetrics-gynecology, pediatrics, and general medical information. In the contents of the counseling, conditions or symptoms of the client were foremost, and together with advice on treatment, comprised half the calls. A study was made on the correlation between the clients' length of stay/location and the main complaints. Clients living abroad less than 1 year tended to call more, especially for vaccination, translation, mental problems, and medical systems, but did not call much in fields of obstetrics-gynecology, dentistry-oral surgery, examination data and treatments. Location did not make much difference in the fields of consultations, except for obstetrics-gynecology and dermatology. Middle and Near East countries had special characteristics to their consultations. There were differences in fields of counseling in calls from developing countries and developed countries. In the former countries, calls on orthopedics, urology, tropical diseases, and infectious diseases were numerous, while in the latter, pediatrics and mental problems were.     

"Custody evaluation practices: A survey of experienced professionals (revisited)": Notice of clarification to Ackerman and Ackerman (1997) article.

Explains that the original article by M. J. Ackerman and M. C. Ackerman (Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 1997[Apr], Vol 28[2], 137–145) was based on the same dataset and presented the same data as that in Ackerman and Ackerman (Family Law Quarterly, 1996, Vol 30, 565–586). Although highly similar wording was used, the authors used different formats to reach different audiences, but cross-references between papers were omitted. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 1997-03377-007.) W. G. Keilin and L. J. Bloom (1986) explored 70 issues related to child custody evaluation practices. The current study replicates Keilin and Bloom's study and looks at an additional 42 items. Two hundred and one psychologists from 39 states were surveyed about 112 aspects of child custody evaluation practices. The analysis was divided into evaluation practices, sole-joint custody decision making, and recommendations. Comparisons between the findings of this study and those of Keilin and Bloom are made. The current practice of child custody evaluations is reported. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Effects on executive function following damage to the prefrontal cortex in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)": Correction to Moore et al (2009).

Reports an error in Effects on executive function following damage to the prefrontal cortex in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) by Tara L. Moore, Stephen P. Schettler, Ronald J. Killiany, Douglas L. Rosene and Mark B. Moss (Behavioral Neuroscience, 2009[Apr], Vol 123[2], 231-241). There was an error in the first sentence of the third full paragraph in the text on p. 235. The sentence should read “Based on the lesion reconstructions it was determined, as intended, that all monkeys had complete damage to areas 46, 8a, 8b, 9 and slight damage to area 10.” (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2009-04037-001.) Executive function is a term used to describe the cognitive processes subserved by the prefrontal cortex (PFC). An extensive body of work has characterized the effects of damage to the PFC in nonhuman primates, but it has focused primarily on the capacity of recognition and working memory. One limitation in studies of the functional parcellation of the PFC has been the absence of tests that assess executive function or its functional components. The current study used an adaptation of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, a classic test of frontal lobe and executive function in humans, to assess the effects of bilateral lesions in the dorsolateral PFC on executive function in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). The authors used the category set-shifting task, which requires the monkey to establish a pattern of responding to a specific category (color or shape) based on reward contingency, maintain that pattern of responding, and then shift to responding to a different category when the reward contingency changes. Rhesus monkeys with lesions of the dorsolateral PFC were impaired in abstraction, establishing a response pattern to a specific category and maintaining and shifting that response pattern on the category set-shifting task. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)