蒽醌类染料废水处理的研究进展

介绍了最新的处理蒽醌类废水的一些方法。阐述了混凝沉淀-Fenton催化氧化处理法,厌氧水解-好氧处理法,微电解-催化氧化生化处理法,青霉菌法,电子束脱色法,为找到高效环保的处理葸醌类染料废水的方法提供了依据。     

CeO_2/Ti电极催化双氧水氧化耦合处理染料废水研究

该方法针对染料工厂的废水处理,以蒽醌为模型染料,采用CeO2/Ti电极对染料废水进行先催化双氧水氧化来提高其氧化耦合能力,再利用氢氧化铁絮凝剂进行吸附处理。处理后废水中COD去除率达95%以上,色度可降到5倍以内。     

臭氧氧化法处理染料废水技术进展

染料行业排放的废水很难用常规方法处理.作者分别介绍了应用臭氧氧化法与催化、超声、活性炭、电化学等方法联用的技术处理染料废水,并比较了这些处理方法的优缺点.作者认为非均相催化臭氧氧化法在处理染料废水方面有着不可比拟的优势,但还需制备出催化效果好、寿命长、重复性好、价格低廉的固体催化剂,以促进非均相催化臭氧氧化法在染料废水处理方面的应用.     

Cu-SiO2催化降解蒽醌类染料的研究

蒽醌类染料作为第二大类染料被广泛应用,染料废水具有排水量大、色度深、难于降解、性质较稳定和成分复杂等特点,一直是处理过程中的难点和重点。本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法（sol-gel）制备Cu-SiO2催化材料,并以茜素红为蒽醌类染料废水的模拟降解对象,探讨了蒽醌类染料的微波催化降解过程中催化剂掺Cu量、催化剂用量、H2O2用量及溶液初始温度对茜素红降解效果的影响。结果表明在SiO2材料掺杂Cu可以提高催化材料的活性,掺杂比越高促进茜素红的降解效果越好；Cu-SiO2催化剂用量对降解效果影响明显,但达到一定用量后,即可达到较好的降解效果；增加H2O2用量可以提高氢氧自由基（·OH）浓度,促进对茜素红溶液的降解；溶液初始温度变化对降解效果具有明显影响,超过70℃以上可以保证催化降解顺利进行。茜素红溶液的Cu-SiO2微波催化降解的最佳条件为Cu与SiO2摩尔掺杂比为1/64、催化剂用量0.06 g/mL、H2O2用量4μL/mL、溶液初始温度70℃。     

微波强化类Fenton反应催化氧化脱色降解孔雀石绿废水

以超声浸渍-焙烧法制备的Fe2O3/Al2O3为催化剂,研究了微波促进类Fenton反应催化氧化脱色降解有机染料孔雀石绿及相关机理。考察了溶液pH、H2O2用量、催化剂用量、微波辐射功率及时间等因素对其降解效果的影响。结果表明,催化剂与微波存在协同效应,当pH为3.0时,微波可以明显加快类Fenton法催化氧化脱色降解孔雀石绿溶液,用该方法处理染料孔雀石绿,5 min色度脱除率可达到96.42%。     

蒽醌生产应用与市场分析

蒽醌是一种重要的染料中间体,英文名为Anthraquinone,分子式为C_(14)H_8O_2,分子量为208.20,外观为稍带淡黄色的单斜针状晶体,熔点为286℃,沸点为379.8℃。 一、生产方法 目前,在美国广泛采用苯酐法。近年来,又发展了萘醌法和苯乙烯法。 1.蒽气相催化氧化法     

染料废水的高级氧化处理技术研究进展

染料废水主要来源于制革、纺织、食品、造纸、塑料等行业,具有有机物浓度高、成分复杂、色度高、难降解等特点。高级氧化法在处理有机废水具有鲜明的亮点,本文综述了染料废水的高级氧化处理技术研究进展,对臭氧氧化法、电化学氧化法、催化氧化法和物理氧化法四种方法进行了归纳和总结了其优缺点,且对染料废水处理的高级氧化法研究发展进行了展望。     

纳米TiO2光催化法和UV—Fenton法联合作用的应用研究

文章通过对不同浓度和不回种类羽印染废水进行、处理可知,UV-feton／纳米TiO2催化氧化法为处理染料废水提供了一种可广泛运用的方法。不同浓度的染料废水其降解效率会有不同,但是基本都可适甩。多数染料废水都可以适用于此实验方法。     

双氧水生产中的“三废”处理

探讨了蒽醌法双氧水生产过程中产生的废气、废水、废渣的处理方法。利用膨胀制冷联合炭纤维吸附技术对氧化尾气进行处理,同时也降低了芳烃的消耗;利用双氧水催化氧化-絮凝法对废水进行处理,处理后的水作为循环水系统的补充水,实现废水的再利用。     

染料废水的现状及治理

染料废水呈现量大、成分复杂、色度高、毒性大等特点,排放前若处理不完全,将对周围水体和土壤造成不可挽救的危害。本文综述了我国染料废水的现状,总结了目前染料废水处理的几种方法,包括：物理处理法（吸附法和膜分离法）、化学处理法（电化学法、Fendon氧化法、臭氧氧化法和光催化法）和生物处理法（好氧生物法和厌氧生物法）。最后,对染料废水的治理技术进行了展望。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Novel polyurethane coating technology through glycidyl carbamate chemistry

Glycidyl carbamate chemistry combines the excellent properties of polyurethanes with the crosslinking chemistry of epoxy resins. Glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers were synthesized by the reaction of polyfunctional isocyanate oligomers and glycidol. The oligomers were formulated into coatings with several amine functional crosslinkers at varying stoichiometric ratios and cured at different temperatures. Properties such as solvent resistance, hardness, and impact resistance were dependent on the composition and cure conditions. Most coatings had an excellent combination of properties. Studies were carried out to determine the kinetics of the curing reaction of the glycidyl carbamate functional oligomers with multifunctional and model amines. Detailed kinetic analysis of the curing reactions was also undertaken. The results indicated that the glycidyl carbamate functional group is more reactive than a glycidyl ether group. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, on October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating prepared via facile sol-gel process

A highly moisture-proof polysilsesquioxane coating was obtained from a new bis-silylated precursor, which was synthesized from 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and m-xylylene diisocyanate (m-XDI) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and verified by ¹H MAS NMR. For direct comparison purposes, an SiO₂ coating was also prepared by the Stöber method using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the reactant. Interestingly, the coating obtained from the polysilsesquioxane sol exhibited a much higher moisture resistance capability than its counterpart, which was attributed to its more compact feature between nanoparticles as characterized by N₂ absorption experiment and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, its high transparency of about 92% showed potential for application in the protection of optical crystals.