双光栅匹配解调系统线性解调模型的研究

对双光栅匹配波长解调法进行深入研究,得到一种线性解调的理论模型并进行了实验验证.理论和实验研究表明,若两个解调光栅的带宽相等,则两个探测器输出电压之比的对数与被测传感光栅的中心波长成严格的线性关系;测试过程中的附加偏置电压对解调系统的性能有严重影响,系统的解调精度、灵敏度和线性范围均随偏置电压的增大而逐渐减小.另外,在此线性解调理论的基础上,提出了可调谐双光栅解调法,该方法不仅可以扩大原有系统的解调范围,而且能够用于多个光纤光栅中心波长的解调.     

光纤Bragg光栅传声器设计

在详细分析光纤Bragg光栅(FBG)振动传感原理的基础上,设计了基于悬臂梁结构的光纤光栅传声器.系统采用结构简单、解调速度快的线性斜边滤波解调方法,选用1 531 nm/1 551 nm的CWDM作为滤波器件,其边带斜率为13 dB/nm.分别进行了单频信号(300 Hz和4 kHz)测试实验及声音信号测试实验,表明该传声器具有良好的频率检测性能和较高的信噪比,可以无失真地传递人的声音.而且,该系统可以实现光源复用,降低系统成本.     

基于FPGA和以太网接口的光栅解调应用

光纤光栅的传感信息是采用波长编码的方式进行的,解调的关键就是把传感信息从波长编码中完整地解调出来.文中介绍的光栅解调系统采用F-P滤波器对ASE光源进行扫描;采用FPGA作为控制核心;采用DM9000A完成网络接口设计,在FPGA内部实现了对光栅传感信号质心解调算法的程序设计和以太网接口控制程序的设计,FPGA具有多通道高速同步解算的能力,在对F-P滤波器500 Hz的扫描速率下,很好地实现了光纤光栅波长的同步实时解算.解调系统的解调精度可达到2 pm左右.     

基于CLPG的FBG监测系统及其应用

为了实现可变体机翼的结构健康监测,提出了一种基于级联长周期光栅(cascaded long-period fiber grating,CLPG)的光纤Bragg光栅(fiber Bragg grating,FBG)监测系统.该监测系统以FBG为传感元件,以CLPG为边沿滤波器件,经CLPG调制后FBG反射光功率会发生变化,通过对FBG谐振波长处光功率的探测,从而实现FBG传感信号的监测.监测系统具有结构简单、成本低、解调速度快等优点.利用该监测系统对某型可变体机翼进行结构健康监测,结果表明该监测系统的应变分辨率为2με,实验结果与有限元分析结果相符,最小误差仅为3.27％,表明该监测系统能够用于可变体机翼的结构健康监测.     

光纤光栅传感系统信号解调技术的研究

实现波长编码信号的解调，是光纤光栅传感系统实用化推广的关键技术之一。文中讨论了光纤光栅传感信号解调的基本原理，分析了国内外提出的常用解调方法的工作机理、特点和性能，并总结了信号解调过程中存在的主要技术难点及发展方向，为基于光纤光栅传感系统的解调部分的设计提供了依据。     

光纤光栅空分光复用传感系统的研究

介绍了一种光纤光栅空分复用传感系统,并将光纤光栅的传感特性应用于结构健康检测系统中。宽带光源发出的光波进入光栅阵列时,利用光开关选通不同光路实现FBG空分复用传感系统。系统采用等腰三角形悬臂梁调谐装置对FBG进行挠度加载,利用非平衡M-Z干涉技术对传感信息进行解调,将包含被测应变信息的FBG波长信号转变成相位信号,从而得到被测应变的大小,成功地实现了空分复用传感。该系统可用于静态应变和动态应变的检测,具有高分辨力、大测量范围的特点,其传感分辨率为7.3 nε,灵敏度的实验值为0.82°/με。     

便携式光纤Bragg光栅波长解调仪的研制

近年来光纤光栅在传感领域中的应用研究日益得到关注，其中光纤光栅波长解调是光纤光栅传感器得到应用推广的关键之一。针对大型建筑结构监测应用领域，研制了一种便携式光纤Bragg光栅波长解调仪。解调仪基于无源比例解调原理，以熔融拉锥器件作为线性滤波器，采用锁相放大技术提取微弱信号，并利用单片机控制光纤Bragg光栅波长信息的采集、显示以及存储。解调仪结构简单、成本低，可实现大量程波长测量。实验表明，该光纤光栅解调仪解调范围达15nm，波长测量精度为12．4pm。     

基于LabVIEW的光纤光栅传感解调系统的研究

本设计基于LabVIEW可视化界面技术和光纤Bragg光栅波长解调的原理,对微型光谱解调分析模块的数据采集系统进行深入研究。并介绍在LabVIEW平台下进行串行通信采集FBG传感温度信号和数据处理的技术,形成基于LabVIEW友好界面、功能完备的光纤光栅解调系统,取得较好的试验效果。同时解决普通光谱解调设备成本高、体积庞大和只简单显示波长的难题。     

啁啾效应对Bragg波长匹配解调精度的影响与消除

介绍了光纤光栅Bragg波长的匹配解调原理,分析了传感光纤光栅和匹配光纤光栅的反射谱相关函数, 说明相关函数与光电探测器输出信号具有线性关系。指出基于最大相关原理(光电探测器输出信号极值判断法)的匹配解调只适用于两个光纤光栅具有相同的反射谱型。采用光电探测器输出信号峰值判读时,传感光纤光栅的啁啾效应会引起Bragg波长的解调误差。理论分析和实验研究表明,对光 电探测器输出信号进行去卷积运算处理可以消除传感光纤光栅啁啾效应对Bragg波长解调精度的影响。     

光纤布拉格光栅传感分析仪

提出了一种基于FPGA与DSP平台的光纤布拉格光栅传感分析仪,将外界参量的变化转化为光纤布拉格光栅波长的偏移,通过数据采集、过滤杂波、信号波峰检测、高斯曲线拟合以及加权波长计算等关键步骤来实现波长解调技术,进而完成温度、应变、压力或位移等对象的在线测量,并且可以实现光纤线路故障分析与定位的功能.实验结果表明:该系统功耗低、线性度好、波长解调精度与分辨率较高.经过长期测试,系统软硬件运行稳定可靠.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.