悬浮床加氢技术进展

悬浮床加氢技术是转化重油、超重油的有效方法,具有灵活性,在该处理过程后加入苛刻的加氢处理和/或加氢裂化过程,去除杂原子、烯烃和芳烃后,按照季节性周期的产品需求生产汽油、航煤、柴油或是减压瓦斯油。产品收率取决于转化程度,国内外对该技术兴趣日益增加。     

悬浮床重油加氢裂化技术进展

简述了悬浮床重油加氢裂化工艺、工业化过程面临的技术问题以及催化剂的研究进展。目前国际上成熟的前沿悬浮床加氢裂化技术有EST工艺、HDHPLUS工艺、Uniflex工艺等,这些工艺多采用均相分散型催化剂,有效地减少重馏分的缩合生焦,具有催化活性高,产品汽柴比高等特点,已实现工业装置建设和生产,成为炼厂解决重质油深度加工问题的关键技术。分析表明,未来的主要工作任务是降低底油产量及提高轻质油品的收率的同时减少结焦。因此,研发高分散、高活性的催化剂、设计具有高效传质传热效率的新型反应器、开发高效工业组合工艺是今后悬浮床加氢工艺研究的重要内容。     

悬浮床重油加氢裂化技术进展

简述了悬浮床重油加氢裂化工艺、工业化过程面临的技术问题以及催化剂的研究进展。目前国际上成熟的前沿悬浮床加氢裂化技术有EST工艺、HDHPLUS工艺、Uniflex工艺等,这些工艺多采用均相分散型催化剂,有效地减少重馏分的缩合生焦,具有催化活性高,产品汽柴比高等特点,已实现工业装置建设和生产,成为炼厂解决重质油深度加工问题的关键技术。分析表明,未来的主要工作任务是降低底油产量及提高轻质油品的收率的同时减少结焦。因此,研发高分散、高活性的催化剂、设计具有高效传质传热效率的新型反应器、开发高效工业组合工艺是今后悬浮床加氢工艺研究的重要内容。     

悬浮床渣油加氢技术简介

悬浮床加氢技术也称浆液床加氢技术，最早始于30年代的煤和煤焦油加氢。50年代初，德国将硫酸亚铁担载在褐煤或焦粉上用于煤焦油加氢，但其加氢活性很低。联合裂化过程(VCC)，是德国VEBA公司在煤和煤焦油加氢技术的基础上开发的，是一种高转化率的渣油热氢解过程。悬浮床渣油加氢使     

重油悬浮床加氢工艺工业化试验有重大突破

重油悬浮床加氢工艺第二阶段工业化试验取得成功，表明该工艺已经具备工业化推广条件。该技术的重大突破，将为我国数亿吨劣质稠油的加工利用开辟了新途径。     

悬浮床加氢技术进展

综述国内外悬浮床加氢技术研究现状,从如何解决如何改善体系生焦、提高尾油利用率、降低催化成本三个方面,介绍了近几年悬浮床加氢技术所取得的系列成果,并指出如何解决这三个问题仍是未来较长时间悬浮床研究的重点。     

悬浮床加氢技术进展

综述国内外悬浮床加氢技术研究现状,从如何解决如何改善体系生焦、提高尾油利用率、降低催化成本三个方面,介绍了近几年悬浮床加氢技术所取得的系列成果,并指出如何解决这三个问题仍是未来较长时间悬浮床研究的重点。     

重油悬浮床加氢循环尾油旋流分离技术应用研究 Ⅰ·冷模试验

针对重油悬浮床加氢工艺条件,对循环尾油物性参数进行了测定分析和经验计算;根据估算结果,设计了旋流分离器,并采用清水-焦炭粉、煤油-焦炭粉以及柴油-焦炭粉等液固体系进行了冷态模拟分离试验。试验结果表明,采用旋流分离器能够满足尾油分离工艺要求,为进一步开展高温热模试验提供了基础数据和技术支持。     

渣油悬浮床加氢工艺研究

介绍了渣油悬浮床加氢技术领域的现状及抚顺石油化工研究院渣油悬浮床加氢技术特点。在不同反应器规模的连续式悬浮床加氢装置上的试验结果表明，研制的水溶性催化剂具有较强的原料适应性，在中等压力、空速约1.0 h^－1、催化剂加入量低于300 μg/g和一次通过的条件下处理常压渣油，小于500℃馏分油收率为70%～90%；处理减压渣油，小于500 ℃馏分油收率可达60%～80%，而过程甲苯不溶物质量分数低于10%。将悬浮床加氢技术与其他重油加工过程组合，可增加悬浮床加氢技术的灵活性，并有利于提高过程的总液体收率和经济性。     

渣油悬浮床加氢研究现状及发展趋势

本文介绍了渣油固定床、移动床、沸腾床和悬浮床四种加氢工艺及相应催化剂。重点综述了重油悬浮床加氢工艺和催化剂的研究及进展。     

渣油热反应性能与悬浮床加氢反应机理

介绍了渣油的组成性质及其与渣油热反应性能的关系,浅析了悬浮床渣油加氢的反应机理,为渣油加工技术的开发和悬浮床渣油加氢技术的深入研究提供理论依据.     

塔河渣油悬浮床减粘工艺研究

在2～4 MPa,410～430 ℃,添加150 μg/g钼、镍双金属分散型催化剂的条件下,对塔河渣油的加氢减粘性能进行了考察.结果表明,尽管塔河渣油粘度很大(100 ℃时为576.7 mm2/s),不易降低,但在适宜的温度、压力和一定的反应时间内,还是有较高的减粘效果,在4 MPa、430 ℃、60 min的反应条件下,粘度从576.7 mm2/s可以降低到8.529 mm2/s,达到95 %以上.     

Magnetically Stabilized Bed for Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene

The characteristics of a magnetically stabilized bed (MSB) were studied by cold‐model experiments, using water as liquid phase, hydrogen as gas phase, and γ‐Fe₂O₃ magnetic powder as solid phase. The fluidized state of different bed positions was investigated by testing the transmissible laser current. Effects of magnetic field intensity and gas flow rate on layer expansion states of the MSB were analyzed by color diagrams. A Ru‐Zn‐B amorphous alloy was prepared by chemical reduction. Selective hydrogenation of benzene was carried out in the MSB by adjusting the contact time between the catalysts and reactants through variations of reaction temperature, magnetic field current, and liquid hourly space velocity.     

烃类液相选择加氢用滴流床反应器设计计算

所设计的滴流床反应器用于碳三馏分液相选择加氢新工艺以脱除甲基乙炔 (MA)和丙二烯 (PD) ,具有较好的适用性。确定了反应器的优化设计参数及操作条件为 :反应器进口温度 35～ 40℃ ,反应压力 2 .3～ 2 .6 2MPa;进料中MAPD含量 1.5 %～ 2 .0 % (摩尔 ) ,H2 /MAPD 1.2 0～ 1.6 0 (摩尔比 ) ;液体体积空速 (LHSV) 70～10 0h-1;床层高径比 6～ 8。     

加快发展加氢技术

介绍了加氢技术的最新进展情况及新催化剂的开发力度,提出21世纪初我国加氢技术仍将快速发展。     

新型镍催化剂在苯加氢中的应用研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备新型镍催化剂。采用微型反应装置,在反应压力为0.78MPa,氢苯摩尔比为6.5∶1,反应温度358.15~633.15K的实验条件下,研究了在NiO-MoO3/Al2O3-TiO2催化剂上苯加氢生成环己烷的反应。结果表明,在383.15~513.15K的温度范围内苯的转化率为100%,反应所得环己烷的纯度超过99.8%。     

脂肪酸（或酯）加氢制脂肪醇催化剂进展及评述

论述了脂肪酸（或酯）加氢传统的工业催化剂，以及近年来开发进展的温和条件下的中压催化性能及评述。     

Gas‐Liquid Mass Transfer in a Bench‐Scale Trickle Bed Reactor used for Benzene Hydrogenation

The gas‐liquid mass transfer coefficients (MTCs) of a trickle bed reactor used for the study of benzene hydrogenation were investigated. The Ni/Al₂O₃ catalyst bed was diluted with a coarse‐grained inert carborundum (SiC) particle catalyst. Gas‐liquid mass transfer coefficients were estimated by using a heterogeneous model for reactor simulation, incorporating reaction kinetics, vapor‐liquid equilibrium, and catalyst particle internal mass transfer apart from gas‐liquid interface mass transfer. The effects of liquid axial dispersion and the catalyst wetting efficiency are shown to be negligible. Partial external mass transfer coefficients are correlated with gas superficial velocity, and comparison between them and those obtained from experiments conducted on a bed diluted with fine particles is also presented. On both sides of the gas‐liquid interface the hydrogen mass transfer coefficient is higher than the corresponding benzene one and both increase significantly with gas velocity. The gas‐side mass transfer limitations appear to be higher in the case of dilution with fine particles. On the liquid side, the mass transfer resistances are higher in the case of dilution with coarse inerts for gas velocities up to 3 · 10^–2 cm/sec, while for higher gas velocities this was inversed and higher mass transfer limitations were obtained for the beds diluted with fine inerts.     

苯选择性加氢技术的研究进展

对苯选择性加氢反应特性、催化剂的研究现状及进展、影响催化剂性能的主要反应条件等方面作了细致的探讨 ,在此基础上提出了提高苯选择性加氢制环己烯收率的可能途径。     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters for Hydrogenation Reactions Using a Genetic Algorithm

The kinetics of acetylene hydrogenation in a fixed‐bed reactor of a commercial Pd/Al₂O₃ catalyst has been studied. The hydrogenation reactor considered in this work is an essential part of a vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) plant. Three well‐known kinetic models were used to simulate the hydrogenation reactor under industrial operating conditions. Since none of the models provide appropriate prediction, the industrial data and calculated values were compared and optimum kinetic parameters were evaluated utilizing a genetic algorithm (GA) technique. The best kinetic parameters for the three models were determined under specified industrial operating conditions. The hydrogenation reactor was simulated using the estimated optimum kinetic parameters of the three models. Simulation results from the three models were compared to industrial data and the best kinetic model was found. This kinetic model with the evaluated optimum kinetic parameters can well predict the behavior of the industrial hydrogenation reactor to improve the performance of the process.