Ti_2AlNb基合金等离子渗碳层的组织结构与摩擦性能

采用双层辉光等离子表面合金化技术在Ti2AlNb基合金表面渗碳以提高其耐磨性,通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、动态显微硬度系统等对渗碳层的微观组织、相组成及动态显微硬度进行表征,并采用HT2500型摩擦磨损试验机对其耐磨性进行测试。结果表明,经等离子渗碳后Ti2AlNb基合金可获得厚度约11μm的表面渗碳层,且该层碳元素含量由表及里呈梯度变化。合金渗碳层主要由纯C、TiC及Ti2AlC相组成,表面动态显微硬度达9.61 GPa。渗碳试样的比磨损率仅为基体合金的1.82%,耐磨性能大大提高。     

碳钢表面冶金W-Mo强化层的研究

利用等离子表面冶金技术在碳钢表面进行W-Mo共渗,在表面形成数十～数百微米的合金扩散层,随后将试样进行超饱和离子渗碳,结果表明:试样表面钨当量在100μm之内大于10%,含碳量平均达到1.03%,淬火和回火后合金层表面硬度达到1000HV以上;合金层成分呈梯度分布,形成的合金碳化物细小、均匀、弥散,碳化物类型主要为M6C、M2C、MC。     

高能喷丸对Ti-6Al-4V钛合金渗碳层耐磨性的影响

为改善Ti-6Al-4V钛合金的硬度和耐磨性能,利用高能喷丸(HESP)与渗碳复合工艺在合金表面制备强化层。首先对试样进行高能喷丸处理,然后利用无氢渗碳方法对试样的喷丸面进行渗碳。对渗碳后的试样进行微观组织观察、物相分析和元素含量测定,并测试试样的硬度和摩擦磨损性能,研究高能喷丸对Ti-6Al-4V合金渗碳行为和渗碳层性能的影响。结果表明:与直接无氢渗碳试样相比,经过高能喷丸处理后试样的渗碳层厚度以及渗碳层中C元素含量和TiC含量都得到了明显提高。经过复合工艺处理后,试样表层硬度达到了HV 1061,而直接渗碳试样为HV 928. 1,并且在距表层150μm深度范围内其硬度都高于直接无氢渗碳试样;试样的磨损性能也得到了明显提高,在相同条件下磨损量仅为直接渗碳试样的32%。     

等离子渗Mo对TC4合金耐磨及拉伸性能的影响

研究了TC4合金表面经等离子渗Mo处理后的耐磨性能和拉伸性能。通过SEM、EDS、SMM等研究渗Mo改性层的组织成分及断口形貌,并分析其磨损机理和拉伸性能。结果表明:TC4合金表面经等离子渗Mo处理后,其耐磨性能随表面硬度的提高而明显改善,且抗拉强度与原始基体相比仅略有下降,即达到了使合金的耐磨性能提高而基体力学性能不受损害的预期目的。     

20CrMnTi齿轮钢激光淬火的研究

评估了齿轮通过激光淬火代替传统渗碳淬火的可行性。通过用电子显微镜、显微硬度计、销盘磨损仪、电化学工作站,确定了不同激光参数对于20CrMnTi齿轮钢激光淬火试样性能的影响关系。结果表明:20CrMnTi齿轮钢经过激光淬火后,在试样表面形成了致密的细小的马氏体组织,表面及亚表面显微硬度得到了极大的提高。当光斑直径为1 mm,扫描速度为16 mm/s,脉宽为2.5 ms、频率为10 Hz、电流为180 A,选取试样淬火后效果最好,淬火层深度可达240μm,表面硬度达到了739 HV,超过原始试样545 HV,超过渗碳淬火试样85 HV。虽然淬火层低于渗碳淬火后渗碳淬火层深度,但获得的力学性能、耐磨性能、耐蚀性能均优胜于渗碳淬火。     

等离子钨钼镝合金层的强化工艺及抗回火性能

利用双层辉光等离子渗金属技术和固体渗碳法在Q235钢表面获得与冶金高速钢成分相当的等离子钨钼镝合金层,并对合金层进行不同温度的淬火和回火作为复合强化热处理,得到硬度和抗回火性都较高的合金强化层。采用场发射扫描电镜(附带能谱仪)和显微硬度计研究不同热处理工艺对等离子钨钼镝合金强化层的显微组织,硬度和抗回火性能的影响,结果表明,等离子钨钼镝合金层的最优强化热处理工艺为1050℃淬火+550℃回火,所得强化层中碳化物呈颗粒状弥散分布,且数量最多,尺寸最小(≤1μm),未经回火的表面硬度为1144HV_(0.05),在550℃回火出现二次硬化,表面硬度达到1153 HV0.05。     

碳钢表面Ni-Cr共渗层的磨损性能研究

采用双层辉光等离子合金化技术在碳钢表面制备Ni-Cr合金层,通过扫描电镜、维氏硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机表征了合金层的组织形貌、显微硬度和摩擦磨损行为。结果表明:双辉等离子镍铬共渗后,碳钢表面形成了有效厚度约12μm的合金层,合金层均匀致密,无孔洞裂纹等缺陷,合金层表面晶粒呈颗粒状,且结聚成团。渗后试样表面显微维氏硬度相对于基体提高了约一倍。合金层具有良好的耐磨性,在常温下的磨损失重相对基体降低了4倍以上。     

稀土表面高速钢磨粒磨损耐磨性研究

利用等离子渗金属技术,首先在Q235低碳钢表面分别进行钨-钼-钇共渗和钨-钼共渗,然后进行960,980,1020℃渗碳及淬火及200℃低温回火处理,最后在GZTC-01型磨损试验机上进行耐磨性能考核。研究结果表明:(1)试样均有明显的前期磨合期与后期稳定期,进入稳定期后,随着淬火温度提高,钨-钼-钇共渗强化处理试样(下称钨钼钇试样)磨损量连续降低且为最小;而钨-钼共渗强化处理试样(下称钨钼试样)磨损量先升后降,于1020℃时达到最低;T10钢淬火及回火试样(下称T10钢)的磨损量最大,钨钼钇试样和钨钼试样较之约小1~2个数量级;相比T10钢,钨钼钇试样和钨钼试样在960℃强化时耐磨性分别约提高11.8倍和2.85倍,在980℃时约提高12.6倍和2.2倍,在1020℃时约提高22.1倍和3.9倍;(2)整个磨损时间内,960,980,1020℃强化处理的钨钼钇试样的相对耐磨性分别是钨钼试样的3.75倍、3.05倍、3.55倍。钨钼钇试样的相对耐磨性较T10钢最高可达12.28倍。稀土与合金元素的加入均提高了耐磨性,前者更显著;(3)钨钼钇试样和钨钼试样磨损后的表面形貌均为典型的磨粒磨损,划痕清晰,犁沟明显。前者划痕较细,犁沟浅而窄。钇的渗入促进了碳化物形成和沉淀析出,改善了渗层耐磨性能。     

双辉等离子Cr-Si共渗改善γ-TiAl基合金耐磨性能的研究

采用双辉等离子表面冶金技术在y-TiAl基合金表面实现了Cr-Si共渗.利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了Cr-Si共渗层的形貌、化学成分及相结构;采用显微维氏硬度计测试了渗层硬度;通过无润滑条件下的球-盘式摩擦磨损实验研究了Cr-Si共渗处理对γ-TiAl基合金表面耐磨性能的改善状况.结果表明:共渗处理后合金表面出现了三个亚层;共渗层内元素含量连续过渡,渗层与基体实现冶金结合,合金表面硬度提高至HV0.11200～1250;与基体相连的过渡层强韧性兼备,有效改善了合金的耐磨性能.     

一种等离子表面冶金高铬高钼高碳钢及其制备方法

本发明公开了一种等离子表面冶金高铬高钼高碳钢及其制备方法,其特征是;在被渗碳钢材料表面渗入主加合金元素铬,以及辅助合金元素钼或钨,形成固溶于基体表面的合金扩散层或合金扩散层＋沉积层,然后再进行超饱和离子渗碳,形成高铬高钼高碳合金层,最后进行淬火和回火而成,所形成的表面高铬高钼高碳层,铬含量在10%～15％,钼的含量在6％-8％,碳含量在2．0％～3．0％。这种钢的耐磨性、硬度和红硬性均较好,是一种很好的耐磨材料。     

振动筛合金篦条磨损机理及抗磨损技术

分析了山西焦化股份有限公司振动筛合金篦条磨损情况，对合金篦条磨损机理进行了研究，提出控制磨蚀和提高材料耐磨洼的方法。     

钛合金齿轮的表面处理与应用

主要介绍了钛合金齿轮在制造过程中关键的表面处理技术,结合钛合金齿轮在运行过程中的受力特征及钛合金表面无氢渗碳层的结构特点,在其表面制备出TiC+Ti扩散层,不仅提高了齿面的耐磨性能,而且也提高了齿面抗冲击载荷的能力。通过无氢渗碳、热处理及机械加工工序的有效协调,制造出的钛合金齿轮耐磨性能优良、抗冲击振动性能良好、噪声低,已经平稳运行16年。     

Simultaneous plasma treatment for carburizing and carbonitriding using hollow cathode discharge

Ion carburizing and nitriding are effective processes for saving energy and providing polutionless surface treatment but have the disadvantage of using much electric energy. A cylindric subsidiary cathode was set up around a rod-shaped workpiece with a gap, and hollow cathode discharge for ion carburizing was studied. Thus, simultaneous plasma treatments for ion carburizing and ion car-bonitriding in one workpiece were researched using Cr-Mo steel to save electric treatment power. First, the effects of the gap between the test piece and subsidiary cathode and the pressure of electric discharge gas, including methane gas, on fundamental plasma treatment conditions were experimen-tally researched. It was found that the temperature for ion carburizing in a H₂-N₂-Ar-CH₄ gas mixture was 1123 to 1193 K with a gap of 3 to 5 mm under a gas pressure of 133 to 532 Pa. Next, the test piece was ion carburized with hollow cathode discharge and carbonitrided with normal glow dis-charge simultaneously. The ion-carburized layer was formed in the area covered by the subsidiary cathode. The surface hardness was 800 Hv, the effective case depth was 0.6 mm, and the surface carbon content was 0.75 wt pct. An ion carbonitriding layer was formed in the area without the subsidiary cathode. The surface hardness was 700 Hv and the case depth was 0.1 mm. It is useful to form the different layers of ion carburizing and ion carbonitriding in one treatment process and to give different mechanical and tribological properties on one workpiece simultaneously.     

高铬耐热合金箅条的研制及其在烧结台车上的应用

分析了烧结台车箅条在高温氧化及磨损条件下使用失效的原因,并在高温抗氧化性、高温磨损性等实验的基础上,研究制定了材料的成分,生产出的高铬耐热合金箅条在鞍钢东烧厂使用,效果良好.     

Effect of low-pressure carburizing and plasma nitriding on mechanical properties and fatigue endurance limits of low alloy sintered steels

ABSTRACT

Thermochemical treatments like plasma nitriding or surface carburizing are commonly used to enhance surface hardness of steel components. An important difference between these treatments is the temperature at which they are carried out. In the present paper, the surface carburizing was carried out following a recently reported non-isothermal low pressure carburizing (LPC) treatment. In order to gain a comparative view of the effect of different treatments on the microstructure, microhardness, fatigue and impact properties, materials with distinct hardenability and widely used in the industrial production were evaluated. Tests were also carried out using industrially processed components aimed to an application demanding high wear resistance. The microstructural evolution during case hardening was studied by optical and electron microscopy.     

等离子表面冶金铁基合金层磨粒磨损机理

 采用等离子表面冶金技术,在Q235钢表面获得铁基冶金层,并对其进行磨粒磨损实验。实验结果表明,冶金层耐磨性比淬火45号钢有较大提高。等离子表面冶金层磨粒磨损机制主要为两种类型：①塑性变形－切削;②断裂－剥落。磨损过程为两种机制综合作用的结果,冶金层组织对磨粒磨损机制有显著影响。     

Effect of Nanosecond Laser-Textured Ablation on Performance of Ti6Al4V Alloy Prepared by Composite Nitriding Process

As a widely used orthopedic implant, titanium alloy will face the corrosion of body fluid in human body. In addition, the wear of implants and bones in human body will also reduce the service life of implants. To improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of biological titanium alloy, Ti6Al4V alloy was modified by plasma nitriding and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PN + PECVD) composite process, and then samples were ablated by nanosecond laser to form a regular surface texture. The textured Ti6Al4V and PN + PECVD samples marked as Ti6Al4V-T and PN + PECVD-T samples. The microstructure and phase composition of the samples before and after modification were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). It was found that after PN + PECVD process, a TiN film with a thickness of 2 μm was formed on the surface of Ti6Al4V. The surface texture of Ti6Al4V-T sample was regular, but the PN + PECVD-T sample texture was wide and shallow irregular after nanosecond laser ablation. The Ti–O and Ti–N–O non-stoichiometric compounds appeared on the samples after nanosecond laser ablation. Through the wear and electrochemical corrosion test in SBF, it was found that PN + PECVD sample had the best wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The wear resistance and corrosion resistance of Ti6Al4V-T and PN + PECVD-T samples were much better than that of Ti6Al4V substrate. The results show that, nitrogen oxides formed on the surface had higher microhardness and surface density, which was beneficial to improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of implants.

     

高铬镍无限冷硬铸铁轧辊材料的磨损性试验

利用自行开发研制的高温滑动磨损与热接触疲劳材料试验机,并运用表面覆膜技术、金相分析和扫描电镜,研究了用于精轧机的高铬镍无限冷硬铸铁轧辊材料在热轧状态下的耐磨特性,分析了这种轧辊材料的表面形貌、表层组织的变化情况。结果表明,当轧制公里数达到88km时,高铬镍无限冷硬铸铁轧辊表面产生了碳化物的浮凸和剥落。     

镍基合金粉末等离子弧堆焊层的性能研究

采用等离子弧堆焊技术,在Q235钢表面堆焊镍基合金粉末,通过工艺试验、硬度试验、磨损试验和显微组织观察分析,研究了等离子弧堆焊层的常规性能。试验结果表明:镍基合金粉末堆焊层硬度和耐磨性较基体有显著提高。